Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Our group recently completed a randomized controlled trial, evaluating the efficacy of providing 5 weeks of free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT; in the form of the nicotine patch) by expedited postal mail without behavioral assistance to regular adult smokers interested in receiving it. The findings revealed that mailed provision of nicotine patches resulted in more than a doubling of quit rates at a six-month follow-up compared to a no intervention control group. While this trial provided evidence for the effectiveness of mailed nicotine patches in promoting cessation, the findings speak only to the short term effectiveness of this approach. As relapse to smoking is known to occur beyond the 6 month period, it is important to evaluate whether the net benefit of NRT in naturalistic settings can be maintained long-term. The present study aims to perform a 5-year follow-up survey of participants in the original trial to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of mailed NRT. METHODS/DESIGN:Trained interviewers will contact participants in the randomized controlled trial 5 years post-enrollment. A total of 924 participants will be eligible to be contacted. Interviewers will first assess participants' smoking status and their level of nicotine dependence. Participants reporting not currently smoking will be asked whether they have smoked tobacco, even a puff, in the last 30 days (primary outcome measure: 30-day point prevalence abstinence), past 6 months (secondary outcome measure: prolonged 6-month abstinence), and since the 8-week follow-up survey (secondary outcome measure: > 4 year continuous abstinence). Interviewers will be blind to experimental condition at the time the primary outcome measure will be assessed. It is hypothesized that participants who received nicotine patches at baseline will display significantly higher quit rates at the 5-year follow-up as compared to participants who did not receive nicotine patches at baseline. DISCUSSION:If the study finds that the mailed distribution of free NRT is effective at promoting long-term cessation, it would provide further evidence to move forward with policies designed to make NRT treatment readily and freely available to smokers who request it. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT01429129 , Registered 2 September 2011; NCT03097445 , Registered 25 March 2017.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Kushnir V,Selby P,Zawertailo L,Tyndale RF,Leatherdale ST,Cunningham JAdoi
10.1186/s12889-017-4586-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-18 00:00:00pages
28issue
1issn
1471-2458pii
10.1186/s12889-017-4586-zjournal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:BACKGROUND:One potential promising strategy for increasing smoking cessation for Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders) and New Zealand resident Pacific Island people is Quit and Win competitions. The current uncontrolled pre and post study, WERO (WERO in Māori language means challenge), differs from previous studies in tha...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-599
更新日期:2014-06-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The health condition of workers is known to impact on productivity outcomes. The relationship between health and productivity is of increasing interest amid the need to increase productivity to meet global financial challenges. Prevalence of psychological distress is also of growing concern in Australia with...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-417
更新日期:2011-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Detained asylum seekers are at increased risk of self-harm, and the type of detention in which they are held may further exacerbate this risk. In Australia, there are four types of closed (or held) immigration detention for people seeking asylum, with varying levels of security and supports: Immigration Dete...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08717-2
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is estimated that nearly 600,000 cancer cases in the UK could have been avoided in the past five years if people had healthier lifestyles. A number of theories of behaviour change suggest that before people will change health behaviours, they must accept that a risk applies to them. This study aimed to ex...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4985-1
更新日期:2017-12-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent epidemiological studies have found that the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) has significantly increased among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between short sleep duration and prehypertension and hypertension in Lithuanian children and adolescents ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-255
更新日期:2014-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Incentives are central to economics and are used across the public and private sectors to influence behavior. Recent interest has been shown in using financial incentives to promote desirable health behaviors and discourage unhealthy ones. MAIN TEXT:If we are going to use incentive schemes to influence heal...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7407-8
更新日期:2019-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leisure-time physical activity and strength training participation levels are low and socioeconomically distributed. Fitness trainers (e.g. gym/group instructors) may have a role in increasing these participation levels. However, it is not known whether the training location and characteristics of Australian...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3250-3
更新日期:2016-07-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although it is well known that employment conditions exert considerable effects on health and health equity, the association between employment conditions and the use of preventative health services has rarely been studied. We explored whether inequities in the use of preventative services were associated wi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6841-y
更新日期:2019-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of different models have been used in order to explain the links between unemployment and ill-health. The objective of this study was to test different proposed models in an empirical setting. METHODS:A cohort of school-leavers consisting of more than 1000 persons was followed for 14 years up to th...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-235
更新日期:2009-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV disproportionately infects women in many regions. Zimbabwe is one of the countries, most heavily affected. Unequal gender power relations between men and women can increase women's vulnerability to HIV. The aim of this paper was to determine the relationship between gender power and HIV sero-status among...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7137-y
更新日期:2019-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vaccination is one of the cost effective strategies reducing childhood morbidity and mortality. Further improvement of immunization coverage would halt about 1.5 million additional deaths globally. Understanding the level of immunization among children is vital to design appropriate interventions. Therefore,...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7356-2
更新日期:2019-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a paucity of literature that addresses the health vulnerabilities of readymade garment (RMG) workers in South and Southeast Asian regions. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to identify the distinctive types of health vulnerabilities along with the causes and consequences of these vulne...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6388-y
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment surveys generate data on the readiness of health facility services. We constructed a readiness index related to malaria services and determined the association between health facility malaria readiness and malaria mortality in children under the age of 5 year...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09994-7
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite international guidelines describing psychotherapy as first choice for people with personality disorders (PDs), well-designed research on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of psychotherapy for PD is scarce. Schema therapy (ST) is a specific form of psychological treatment that proved to be effe...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-75
更新日期:2012-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Identifying factors that can influence young peoples' physical activity and sedentary behaviors is important for the development of effective interventions. The family structure in which children grow up may be one such factor. As the prevalence of single parent and reconstituted families have increased subs...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6740-2
更新日期:2019-04-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Statistical data on burden of kidney cancer and the relavant risk factors are valuable for policy-making. This study aims to estimate kidney cancer deaths and high body-mass index (BMI) attributable to the deaths by gender and age group in China adults, compared with U.S. METHODS:We extracted kidney cancer ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09007-7
更新日期:2020-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake resulted in extensive loss of life and physical and psychological injuries for survivors. This research examines the relationship between social support and health-related quality of life for the earthquake survivors. METHODS:A multistage cluster sampling strategy was employed t...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-573
更新日期:2010-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study describes exposure levels of bakery and pastry apprentices to flour dust, a known risk factor of occupational asthma. METHODS:Questionnaires on work activity were completed by 286 students. Among them, 34 performed a series of two personal exposure measurements using a PM2.5 and PM10 personal sam...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-311
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a significant public health problem with negative health consequences for women and their pregnancies. While social support has a protective effect against IPV and reduces health consequences of violence, its association with experiencing IPV during pregnancy remain less ex...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4157-3
更新日期:2017-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Walking for transport is increasingly considered an important component for meeting physical activity guidelines. This is true for individuals of all ages, and particularly important for seniors, for whom other physical activities may not be recommended. In order to evaluate the potential contributions of wa...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-511
更新日期:2014-05-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contact investigation is important in finding contacts of people who have Tuberculosis (TB) disease so that they can be given treatment and stop further transmission. The main objective of this study was to assess the contribution of community health volunteers (CHVs) to the number of TB patients notified to...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09271-7
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Little is known about adolescents' cancer awareness and help-seeking behaviour in Britain. This study assessed adolescents': awareness of cancer symptoms, common cancers, and the relationship between cancer and age; anticipated delay and perceived barriers to seeking medical advice; and examined variation by...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-580
更新日期:2012-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Today industrialized countries face a burgeoning aged population. Thus, there is increasing attention on the functioning and disabilities of aged adults as potential determinants of autonomy and independent living. However, there are few representative findings on the prevalence and determinants of disabilit...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-137
更新日期:2013-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To estimate trends in leisure time physical activity and physical fitness between 1987-2006 in older Spanish people. METHODS:We analyzed data collected from the Spanish National Health Surveys conducted in 1987 (n = 29,647), 1993 (n = 20,707), 1995-1997 (n = 12,800), 2001 (n = 21,058), 2003 (n = 21,650), an...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-799
更新日期:2011-10-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Three billion people use solid cooking fuels, and 4 million people die from household air pollution annually. Shifting households to clean fuels, like liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), may protect health only if stoves are consistently used. Few studies have used an implementation science framework to systemati...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5138-x
更新日期:2018-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Universal child health services (UCHS) provide an important pragmatic platform for the delivery of universal and targeted interventions to support families and optimize child health outcomes. We aimed to identify brief, evidence-based interventions for common health and developmental problems that could be p...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09104-7
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major preventable and treatable cause of morbidity and mortality. The ability to link population based centralized laboratory HCV testing data with administrative databases provided a unique opportunity to compare mortality between HCV seronegative and seropositive indi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-291
更新日期:2013-04-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Poor childhood nutrition is a more pervasive and insidious risk factor for lifestyle-related chronic disease than childhood obesity. Parents find it difficult to address the reported barriers to optimal child feeding, and to improve child dietary patterns. To impact at the population level, nutrition interve...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-564
更新日期:2012-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data on outbreaks of infectious gastroenteritis in care homes have been collected using an internet-based surveillance system in North West England since 2012. We analysed the burden and characteristics of care home outbreaks to inform future public health decision-making. METHODS:We described characteristi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5413-x
更新日期:2018-04-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Aristotle was a seek-test-treat intervention during an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Athens, Greece that started in 2011. The aims of this analysis were: (1) to study changes of drug injection-related and sexual behaviors over the course of A...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-8178-y
更新日期:2020-01-28 00:00:00