Stochastic gene expression and chromosome interactions in protecting the human active X from silencing by XIST.

abstract：:Nuclear export of mRNPs is mediated by transport factors such as NXF1 that bind mRNPs and mediate their translocation through the central channel of nuclear pores (NPC) using transient interactions with FG-nucleoporins. A number of nuclear factors enhance the efficiency of this process by concentrating mRNPs at the nu...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Wickramasinghe VO,Stewart M,Laskey RA

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the current study we show that the Rev protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) inhibits nuclear import and mediates nuclear export of the HIV-1 integrase (IN) protein, which catalyzes integration of the viral cDNA. Interaction between IN and Rev in virus infected cells, resulting in the formation of ...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Levin A,Hayouka Z,Friedler A,Loyter A

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently characterized a novel transmembrane protein of the inner nuclear membrane of mammalian cells. The protein has two very interesting features. First, despite being an integral membrane protein it is able to concentrate in the membranes colocalizing with the mitotic spindle in metaphase and anaphase. Hen...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Figueroa R,Gudise S,Larsson V,Hallberg E

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controlled nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is an important feature for fine-tuning signaling pathways in eukaryotic organisms. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) composed of nucleoporin proteins (Nups) are essential for the exchange of macromolecules across the nuclear envelope. A recent genetic screen in our laboratory iden...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Wiermer M,Germain H,Cheng YT,García AV,Parker JE,Li X

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope rearrangements after mitosis are often studied in the reconstitution system based on Xenopus egg extract. In our recent work we partially replaced the membrane vesicles in the reconstitution mix with protein-free liposomes to explore the relative contributions of cytosolic an...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Rafikova ER,Melikov K,Chernomordik LV

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome pairing is involved in X chromosome inactivation, a classic instance of monoallelic gene expression. Antigen receptor genes are also monoallelically expressed ("allelically excluded") by B and T lymphocytes, and we asked whether pairing contributed to the regulation of V(D)J recombination at these loci. We ...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Brandt VL,Hewitt SL,Skok JA

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mammals actin contributes to transcription elongation by facilitating establishment of permissive chromatin. Here we report that the F-actin severing protein cofilin-1 is part of the same complex with actin and phosphorylated RNA polymerase (pol) II. In chromatin immunoprecipitation assays cofilin-1 was found selec...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Obrdlik A,Percipalle P

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Retroviruses assemble new virus particles that are released by budding from the plasma membranes of infected cells. Gag proteins, encoded by retroviruses, orchestrate the assembly of virus particles in close collaboration with host cell machinery. The earliest steps in retrovirus assembly-those immediately following s...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Parent LJ

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are numerous data suggesting that two key steps in gene expression-transcription and splicing influence each other closely. For a long time it was known that chromatin modifications regulate transcription, but only recently it was shown that chromatin and histone modifications play a significant role in pre-mRNA...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Hnilicová J,Staněk D

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The canonical gate of viruses and viral genomes into the nucleus in non-dividing cells is the nuclear pore, embedded within the nuclear envelope. However, we found that for SV40, the nuclear envelope poses a major hurdle to infection: FISH analysis revealed that the majority of viral DNA remains trapped in the ER; sil...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Butin-Israeli V,Ben-nun-Shaul O,Kopatz I,Adam SA,Shimi T,Goldman RD,Oppenheim A

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During mitosis in higher eukaryotic cells, nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD) occurs and leads to the disassembly of the nuclear membrane and nuclear pore complexes (NPC). This brings about a mixing of nuclear and cytoplasmic macromolecules (open mitosis). On the other hand, in many fungi, mitosis occurs without NEBD (...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Asakawa H,Hiraoka Y,Haraguchi T

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial and temporal regulation of gene expression during development requires the concerted actions of sequence-specific transcriptional regulators and epigenetic chromatin modifiers, which are thought to function within precise nuclear compartments. However, coordination of these activities within the dynamic co...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Wang J,Abate-Shen C

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Actin, which is normally depleted in the nuclei of somatic cells, accumulates in high amounts in giant nuclei of amphibian oocytes. The supramolecular organization and functions of this nuclear pool of actin in growing vertebrate oocyte are controversial. Here, we investigated the role of nuclear actin in the maintena...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Maslova A,Krasikova A

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of chromatin on many cellular processes is well appreciated. Much has been learned by studying the role of chromatin remodeling and modifying complexes on individual genes. The seemingly straightforward models that inevitably arise from such studies are challenged by genome-wide analyses. Two recent stud...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Lenstra TL,Holstege FC

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How is a long strand of genomic DNA packaged into a mitotic chromosome or nucleus? The nucleosome fiber (beads-on-a-string), in which DNA is wrapped around core histones, has long been assumed to be folded into a 30-nm chromatin fiber, and a further helically folded larger fiber. However, when frozen hydrated human mi...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Joti Y,Hikima T,Nishino Y,Kamada F,Hihara S,Takata H,Ishikawa T,Maeshima K

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progeroid phenotypes are mainly encountered in 2 types of syndromes: in laminopathies, which are characterized by nuclear shape abnormalities due to lamin A alteration, and in DNA damage response defect syndromes. Because lamin A dysregulation leads to DNA damages, it has been proposed that senescence occurs in both t...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Barascu A,Le Chalony C,Pennarun G,Genet D,Zaarour N,Bertrand P

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One hypothesis to explain how mutations in the same nuclear envelope proteins yield pathologies focused in distinct tissues is that as yet unidentified tissue-specific partners mediate the disease pathologies. The nuclear envelope proteome was recently determined from leukocytes and muscle. Here the same methodology i...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Korfali N,Wilkie GS,Swanson SK,Srsen V,de Las Heras J,Batrakou DG,Malik P,Zuleger N,Kerr AR,Florens L,Schirmer EC

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laminopathies, mainly caused by mutations in the LMNA gene, are a group of inherited diseases with a highly variable penetrance; i.e., the disease spectrum in persons with identical LMNA mutations range from symptom-free conditions to severe cardiomyopathy and progeria, leading to early death. LMNA mutations cause nuc...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Tamiello C,Kamps MA,van den Wijngaard A,Verstraeten VL,Baaijens FP,Broers JL,Bouten CC

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gene loops have been described in different organisms from yeast to human and form through interaction between components of the transcription pre-initiation complex and Ssu72, a member of the 3' end cleavage and polyadenylation complex. A recent study by Tan-Wong et al. reports a new role for gene loops in promoting ...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Castelnuovo M,Stutz F

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vertebrates, the majority of mRNAs that encode secreted, membrane-bound or mitochondrial proteins contain RNA elements that activate an alternative mRNA nuclear export (ALREX) pathway. Here we demonstrate that mRNAs containing ALREX-promoting elements are trafficked through nuclear speckles. Although ALREX-promotin...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Akef A,Zhang H,Masuda S,Palazzo AF

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear transport is a dynamic process that can be modulated in response to changes in cellular physiology. We recently reported that the transport activity of yeast nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) is altered in response to kinetochore-microtubule (KT-MT) interaction defects. Specifically, KT detachment from MTs activat...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Cairo LV,Ptak C,Wozniak RW

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pairing of homologous chromosome is a unique event in meiosis that is essential for both haploidization of the genome and genetic recombination. Rapid chromosome movements during meiotic prophase are a key feature of the pairing process. This is usually telomere-led, and in metazoans is dependent upon microtubules and...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Stewart CL,Burke B

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse olfaction depends on specialized olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) that each express only one olfactory receptor protein from among a family of >1000 olfactory receptor (OR) genes encoded in the genome. To investigate epigenetic mechanisms underlying monogenic OR expression, we characterized the nuclear organizat...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Kilinc S,Meredith DT,Lane RP

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clear organizational patterns on the genome have emerged from the statistics of population studies of fixed cells. However, how these results translate into the dynamics of individual living cells remains unexplored. We use statistical mechanics models derived from polymer physics to inquire into the effects that chro...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Vasquez PA,Bloom K

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) span the 2 membranes of the nuclear envelope (NE) and facilitate nucleocytoplasmic exchange of macromolecules. NPCs have a roughly tripartite structural organization with the so-called nuclear basket emanating from the NPC scaffold into the nucleoplasm. The nuclear basket is composed of t...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Duheron V,Chatel G,Sauder U,Oliveri V,Fahrenkrog B

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disease linked to mutations in various genes implicated in cytoplasmic RNA metabolism. Recent studies from genetic models have also helped reveal connections between various ALS-linked factors and RNA-DNA hybrid (R-loop) regulation. Here,...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Salvi JS,Mekhail K

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) are best known for their role in sorting ubiquitylated membrane proteins into endosomes. The most ancient component of the ESCRT machinery is ESCRT-III, which is capable of oligomerizing into a helical filament that drives the invagination and scission of ...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Webster BM,Lusk CP

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleolus is a well-organized site of ribosomal gene transcription. Moreover, many DNA repair pathway proteins, including ATM, ATR kinases, MRE11, PARP1 and Ku70/80, localize to the nucleolus (Moore et al., 2011 ). We analyzed the consequences of DNA damage in nucleoli following ultraviolet A (UVA), C (UVC), or γ-...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Sorokin DV,Stixová L,Sehnalová P,Legartová S,Suchánková J,Šimara P,Kozubek S,Matula P,Skalníková M,Raška I,Bártová E

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleolus is the hallmark of nuclear compartmentalization and has been shown to exert multiple roles in cellular metabolism besides its main function as the place of rRNA synthesis and assembly of ribosomes. Nucleolar proteins dynamically localize and accumulate in this nuclear compartment relative to the surround...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Martin RM,Ter-Avetisyan G,Herce HD,Ludwig AK,Lättig-Tünnemann G,Cardoso MC

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to cell type-specific pre-mRNA alternative splicing, mechanisms controlling activity-dependent alternative splicing is under-studied and not well understood. In a recent study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of calcium-mediated mechanism that regulates alternative exon skipping in mouse cardiomyocyt...

journal_title：Nucleus (Austin, Tex.)

authors： Sharma A,Nguyen H,Cai L,Lou H

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00