Cross-protective immunity of the haemagglutinin stalk domain presented on the surface of Lactococcus lactis against divergent influenza viruses in mice.

abstract：:Macrophages are important cells in the host resistance to fungal infections, and fungal recognition by macrophages triggers phagocytosis, intracellular killing, induction of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and initiation of the adaptive immune response. All of the receptors that mediate binding and engulfment o...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Means TK

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Schistosoma haematobium is a parasitic flatworm that infects millions of people, mostly in the developing world, and is associated with high incidence of bladder cancer although why is not clear. But our group was able to define the mechanistic relationship for the first time between infection of S. haematobium and ca...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Botelho MC,Machado JC,da Costa JM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The prognostic significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria resides in the observation that the prevalence is, relatively, high in persons with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes mellitus and pregnancy. This prevalence might, even, be higher in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Hence, this st...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Awolude OA,Adesina OA,Oladokun A,Mutiu WB,Adewole IF

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite progress over the last decade, opportunistic mold infections continue to be associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Given the propensity of molds to invade blood vessels, vasculopathy may be a barrier to effective delivery of antifungal drugs to infected tissue. In ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Kontoyiannis DP

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio parahaemolyticus ExsA is the transcriptional regulator for type III secretion system 1 (T3SS1) while ExsD blocks T3SS1 expression. Herein we show that deletion of exsC from V. parahaemolyticus blocked synthesis of T3SS1-dependent proteins under inducing conditions (contact with HeLa cells), while in trans compl...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Zhou X,Konkel ME,Call DR

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a fatal genetic disorder hallmarked by chronic and persistent microbial infections of the lungs and airways. Much attention has been paid to describing microbial communities and microbial pathogenesis in CF, however, viral communities have been largely ignored. We recently published a metagenom...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Willner D,Furlan M

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Candida is a significant pathogen among critically ill patients. However, candidiasis among non-trauma emergency surgery (NTES) patients has not been previously investigated. Herein we describe the incidence of both colonization and infection from Candida and risk factors for invasive disease in this populat...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Kourkoumpetis T,Manolakaki D,Velmahos G,Chang Y,Alam HB,De Moya MM,Sailhamer EA,Mylonakis E

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human bacterial pathogen Campylobacter jejuni is able to respond to environmental stimuli utilising chemotactic motility. The bacterial senses external molecules via transmembrane sensory proteins called Transducer Like Proteins, TLPs. The specificity of the Tlp1 chemoreceptor (Cj1506c) of C. jejuni as the asparta...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Korolik V

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The facile inoculum delivery and handling of the insect Galleria mellonella make it a desirable model for the study of fungal pathogenesis. Here we present methods to study fungal virulence, filamentation and fungal cell associates with insect hemocytes using Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans to illustrate ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Fuchs BB,O'Brien E,Khoury JB,Mylonakis E

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many antifungal drugs including the highly successful azoles target the fungal-specific sterol, ergosterol, yet the molecular identity of cellular pathways mediating antifungal activity remained obscure. A recent study on the requirement of ergosterol in vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) function uncovered a critical role...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Zhang YQ,Rao R

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The filamentous fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus secretes hydrolytic enzymes to acquire nutrients from host tissues. The production of these enzymes exerts stress on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is alleviated by two stress responses: the unfolded protein response (UPR), which adjusts the protein folding ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Richie DL,Feng X,Hartl L,Aimanianda V,Krishnan K,Powers-Fletcher MV,Watson DS,Galande AK,White SM,Willett T,Latgé JP,Rhodes JC,Askew DS

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early detection of invading viruses by the host depends on their identification by pathogen sensors. These include Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as well as cytoplasmic RNA helicases such as retinoic acid inducible protein I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA-5). These pathogen sensors recogni...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Triantafilou K,Vakakis E,Richer EA,Evans GL,Villiers JP,Triantafilou M

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When encountering a pathogen, all organisms evoke a protective response by inducing defense mechanisms to help fight off the invader. The invertebrate model organism Caenorhabditis elegans has proven to be valuable for studies of the host response and the small nematode mounts a substantial transcriptional response to...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Simonsen KT,Møller-Jensen J,Kristensen AR,Andersen JS,Riddle DL,Kallipolitis BH

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnaporthe oryzae is a filamentous ascomycete that continuously threatens global rice production. The infection cycle of this pathogen commences with the attachment of conidia to rice plants, followed by the formation and maturation of a specialized infection structure-the appressorium. Melanized appressoria generate...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Huang K,Czymmek KJ,Caplan JL,Sweigard JA,Donofrio NM

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a formidable pathogen of both human and animal. Infection often gives rise to an economic loss resulting from the extended cost of treatment and hospitalization for humans, and loss of usable agriculture animal products from infected animals and treatment regiments. We describe here a protocol...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Hall JW,Ji Y

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We show how one can trace in a systematic way the coarse-grained solutions of individual-based stochastic epidemic models evolving on heterogeneous complex networks with respect to their topological characteristics. In particular, we illustrate the "distinct" impact of the average path length (with respect to the degr...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Reppas AI,Spiliotis K,Siettos CI

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila has been established as an excellent genetic and genomic model to investigate host-pathogen interactions and innate immune defense mechanisms. To date, most information on the Drosophila immune response derives from studies that involve bacterial, fungal or viral pathogens. However, immune reactions to inse...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Castillo JC,Shokal U,Eleftherianos I

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Community-associated (CA) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have emerged as major human pathogens. CA-MRSA virulence appears to be distinct from healthcare-associated (HA) MRSA with several factors [α-hemolysin (Hla), Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), α-type phenol soluble modulins (PSMα) and...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Day SR,Moore CM,Kundzins JR,Sifri CD

更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In this retrospective cohort study, we demonstrate that PCR-confirmed diagnoses of influenza were made solely by lower respiratory sampling in 6.9% of cases, as traditional upper respiratory tract tests were negative, indeterminate or not performed. Clinical features of these cases are presented. Clinicians should con...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Bogoch II,Andrews JR,Zachary KC,Hohmann EL

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of studies using G. mellonella as a model host for human pathogens has increased significantly in the last few years. Important studies were published from different countries for evaluating the pathogenesis of bacterial and fungal infections and for exploring the host defenses against pathogens. Therefore,...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Junqueira JC

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Isolation or cohorting of infected patients is an old concept. Its purpose is to prevent the transmission of microorganisms from infected or colonized patients to other patients, hospital visitors, and health care workers, who may subsequently transmit them to other patients or become infected or colonized themselves....

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Landelle C,Pagani L,Harbarth S

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Various pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been implicated in the detection of viral RNA and subsequent interferon (IFN) gene expression, including the double-stranded RNA-dependent proteinkinase R (PKR). Now, a novel role of PKR has been unveiled, as it was shown that, upon the infection with certain viruses, ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Munir M,Berg M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biofilms are complex microbial associations anchored to abiotic or biotic surfaces, embedded in extracellular matrix produced by the biofilms themselves where they interact with each other and the environment. One of the main properties of biofilms is their capacity to be more resistant to antimicrobial agents than pl...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Soto SM

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmissible encephalopathies (TSEs) are believed by many to arise by spontaneous conversion of host prion protein (PrP) into an infectious amyloid (PrP-res, PrP (Sc) ) without nucleic acid. Many TSE agents reside in the environment, with infection controlled by public health measures. These include the disappearance...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Manuelidis L

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Candida genus expresses virulence factors that, when combined with immunosuppression and other risk factors, can cause different manifestations of oral candidiasis. The treatment of mucosal infections caused by Candida and the elucidation of the disease process have proven challenging. Therefore, the study of expe...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Costa AC,Pereira CA,Junqueira JC,Jorge AO

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of severe influenza has been attributed, in part, to a heightened innate immune response. Recent evidence suggests that endothelial activation, loss of barrier function, and consequent microvascular leak may also serve important mechanistic roles in the pathogenesis of severe influenza. The aim of this...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Armstrong SM,Darwish I,Lee WL

更新日期：2013-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Francisella tularensis is a gram-negative bacterium that causes the zoonotic disease tularemia. Francisella is highly infectious via the respiratory route (~10 CFUs) and pulmonary infections due to type A strains of F. tularensis are highly lethal in untreated patients (> 30%). In addition, no vaccines are licensed to...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Skyberg JA

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) have emerged as a major cause of healthcare associated disease, and recent epidemiological evidence also suggests an important role in community-acquired diarrhea. This increase is associated with specific types, especially PCR ribotypes 027 and 078, which are sometimes referred ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Smits WK

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) is responsible for a wide range of pathologies ranging from mild pharyngitis and impetigo to severe invasive soft tissue infections. Despite the continuing susceptibility of the bacterium to β-lactam antibiotics there has been an unexplained resurgence in the prevale...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Reglinski M,Sriskandan S

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our understanding of the virulence and pathogenesis of Francisella spp. has significantly advanced in recent years, including a new understanding that this organism can form biofilms. What is known so far about Francisella spp. biofilms is summarized here and future research questions are suggested. The molecular basi...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： van Hoek ML

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00