Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To review the literature on early vertical transmission of the HIV virus and its possible prevention. METHOD:Databases were searched using the keywords HIV, AIDS, HIV transmission, vertical transmission, HIV pregnancy, HIV newborn, AIDS paediatric, HIV paediatric, HIV maternal, maternal immunity, HIV diagnosis. Two hundred and twenty-nine articles were generated and 41 were used in the review. FINDINGS:Factors which increase the risk of vertical transmission are: maternal drug misuse; maternal infection; malnutrition; and HIV viraemia. There are gaps in knowledge about the mechanisms and rates of transmission indicating further research is needed. KEY CONCLUSIONS:Prevention of early vertical transmission is very important; researchers need to standardise their research criteria when carrying out research so that conclusions are comparable. IMPLICATIONS FOR MIDWIFERY PRACTICE: To promote the health of women and their partners must be educated prior to conception and during pregnancy on family planning and healthy living; HIV positive women need counselling and support, and midwives must consider all unscreened pregnant women to be HIV positive.
journal_name
Midwiferyjournal_title
Midwiferyauthors
Vials JMdoi
10.1016/s0266-6138(97)80009-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-12-01 00:00:00pages
216-20issue
4eissn
0266-6138issn
1532-3099journal_volume
13pub_type
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