Abstract:
:Distraction osteogenesis is a well-established method of endogenous tissue engineering. This technique has significantly augmented our armamentarium of reconstructive craniofacial procedures. Although the histologic and ultrastructural changes associated with distraction osteogenesis have been extensively described, the molecular mechanisms governing successful membranous distraction remain unknown. Using an established rat model, the molecular differences between successful (i.e., osseous union with gradual distraction) and ineffective (i.e., fibrous union with acute lengthening) membranous bone lengthening was analyzed. Herein, the first insight into the molecular mechanisms of successful membranous bone distraction is provided. In addition, these data provide the foundation for future targeted therapeutic manipulations designed to improve osseous regeneration. Vertical mandibular osteotomies were created in 52 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, and the animals were fitted with customized distraction devices. Twenty-six animals underwent immediate acute lengthening (3 mm; a length previously shown to result in fibrous union) and 26 animals were gradually distracted (after a 3-day latency period, animals were distracted 0.25 mm twice daily for 6 days; total = 3 mm). Four mandibular regenerates were harvested from each group for RNA analysis on 5, 7, 9, 23, and 37 days postoperatively (n = 40). Two mandibular regenerates were also harvested from each group and prepared for immunohistochemistry on postoperative days 5, 7, and 37 (n = 12). In addition to the 52 experimental animals, 4 control rats underwent sham operations (skin incision only) and mandibular RNA was immediately collected. Control and experimental specimens were analyzed for collagen I, osteocalcin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA and protein expression. In this study, marked elevation of critical extracellular matrix molecules (osteocalcin and collagen I) during the consolidation phase of gradual distraction compared with acute lengthening is demonstrated. In addition, the expression of an inhibitor of extracellular matrix turnover, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, remained strikingly elevated in gradually distracted animals. Finally, this study demonstrated that neither gradual distraction nor acute lengthening appreciably alters vascular endothelial growth factor expression. These results suggest that gradual distraction osteogenesis promotes successful osseous bone repair by regulating the expression of bone-specific extracellular matrix molecules. In contrast, decreased production or increased turnover of bone scaffolding proteins (i.e., collagen) or regulators of mineralization (i.e., osteocalcin) may lead to fibrous union during acute lengthening.
journal_name
Plast Reconstr Surgjournal_title
Plastic and reconstructive surgeryauthors
Warren SM,Mehrara BJ,Steinbrech DS,Paccione MF,Greenwald JA,Spector JA,Longaker MTdoi
10.1097/00006534-200102000-00021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-02-01 00:00:00pages
441-53issue
2eissn
0032-1052issn
1529-4242journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Various operative methods for the correction of Stahl's ear exist. We, however, have devised an alternative "turnover and rotation" procedure. In this procedure, the deformed cartilage itself is used in its original contour to form a new scaphoid fossa, thus simplifying the corrective procedure and establishing a reli...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-198901000-00031
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental, anatomical, and clinical study has confirmed the feasibility of free neurovascular flaps. The interrelationship between the cutaneous vascular and neural supply has been defined and demonstrated electrophysiologically, both in man and in experimental animals. A potential donor site in man has been e...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-197507000-00004
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A tape and applicator designed to give preoperative blepharoplasty patients an idea of the proposed result has been developed. The use of the tape as a cosmetic device to temporarily give the effect of a surgical blepharoplasty is presented. ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-198511000-00024
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new computerized suction aspirator monitor is described. This device offers the benefits of instantaneous and concurrent scientifically accurate readout of aspirate contents in five separate bodily areas. Thus knowledge of amounts of blood versus fat can be immediately known without resorting to guess, estimate, or ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-198811000-00029
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamic skeletal muscle flaps are designed to perform a specific functional task through contraction and relaxation of their muscle fibers. The most commonly used dynamic skeletal flaps today are for cardiomyoplasty and anal or urinary myoplasty. Low-frequency chronic stimulation of these flaps enables them to use the...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.PRS.0000034921.49695.3D
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to determine the feasibility of preserving ovarian function after heterotopic transplantation by means of microvascular anastomosis of the transplanted vascular pedicles to a set of preselected vessels. Six groups of 10 Sprague-Dawley inbred rats were used in this study. Group I underwent ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.PRS.0000055731.22839.74
更新日期:2003-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The Internet was evaluated as a source of information for the layperson on the topic of breast augmentation. Three commonly used search engines (Excite, AOL, and Yahoo) were employed using the term "breast augmentation." These sites were then evaluated by each of three experienced plastic surgeons for their quality an...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-200101000-00028
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Microvascular reconstruction of the nose was pioneered in China in the early 1970s using the radial forearm flap. Since then, different flaps, methods, and flap designs have been used to improve outcomes. Microvascular tissue transfer has become the first step of multistage reconstruction, which includes reb...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000005777
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a case of occupation-related carcinoma of the scrotum (chimney sweeper's disease) in a black man. The history of this disease is outlined. ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Various operative approaches exist for treatment of trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to compare the results of Lundborg resection arthroplasty with solely autologous fat injection. METHODS:Twenty-one patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint (...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000003913
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reinfections following implant-based cranioplasty, in the setting of previous bone flap osteomyelitis, are common and associated with significant morbidity. The timing of reconstruction following initial osteomyelitic bone flap removal remains controversial; most advocate for prolonged time intervals of appr...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000475770.14396.1e
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Limb-sparing surgery, consisting of wide-margin tumor resection and preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy/chemotherapy, has become the surgical treatment of choice for extremity sarcomas. However, adequate tumor resection can sometimes compromise crucial limb function, necessitating functional restorati...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000187140.83705.cf
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adjuvant radiation therapy for locally advanced breast cancer decreases local recurrence and improves survival. Immediate autologous breast reconstruction before postmastectomy irradiation is highly controversial. However, it is presently unknown whether there exist differences in the durability of various a...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182729d33
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Part II, the author focused on the lay peelers' history and success using croton oil-containing phenol peeling recipes. In Part III, the author reviews what was known or should have been known about croton oil and phenol as physicians became keenly interested in face peeling in the mid-1950s. The lay peelers recogn...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-200002000-00046
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of asymmetries of the breasts is discussed. The technical details of one operation for unilateral reduction are described. ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-197606000-00003
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An increased weight of the breasts causes several spinal postural alterations that reduce the ability to perform dynamic tasks requiring a stable balance. The effects of the increased weight of the breasts on static posture after implant breast augmentation have not been investigated yet. METHODS:Forty volu...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000001454
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After excess skin and fat are removed, a body-lift suture advances skin and suspends ptotic breasts, the mons pubis, and buttocks. For women, the lift includes sculpturing adiposity. While some excess fat may need removal, muscular men should receive a deliberate effort to achieve generalized tight skin clos...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000000933
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Free-flap failure is in the order of 4 to 10 percent. Heparin is more effective at preventing venous thrombosis than arterial thrombosis. This study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of delivering heparin at a high dose locally but low dose systemically (heparin infusion via a catheter placed proximal to the ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-200003000-00024
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case is presented of a congenital nasal deformity consisting of a midline nasal muscle, alar cartilage defect, and partially obstructed nostril. The embryology of nasal development is reviewed, and an attempt is made to explain this unique anomaly. ...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-198103000-00015
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a series of six patients with eight flaps in whom computer-generated models were used for fabrication of vascularized bone grafts in complex facial restorations. Preoperative CT data, digitalized on tape, were converted by the CEMAX (Santa Clara, Calif.) 1500 Integrated Hardware and Software System to a thr...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-199302000-00007
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nipple-sparing mastectomy is a controversial option for breast cancer treatment due to locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis. In addition to these oncologic factors, technical factors such as ideal incision type or reconstructive options are also debatable. This systematic review examines current tr...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182a48b8a
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:SUMMARY:Optimal management of the mandible fracture is directly dependent on thorough evaluation, correct injury assessment, and timely initiation of appropriate therapy. As the mandible is a complex three-dimensional bone, significant structural differences in mandibular regions must be appreciated. While the small cr...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e318195668e
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restoration of sensibility in the paraplegic patient is the optimal therapy for the management and prevention of debilitating pressure sores. In patients with an absence of sensibility below the L3 spinal level, a locally transposed arterialized neuromyocutaneous gracilis flap may be uniquely utilized for ischial rest...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The dorsal metacarpal artery perforator flap is a versatile solution for resurfacing soft-tissue defects of fingers. The authors present their experience in applying this flap for a variety of finger wounds for which conventional means may not be amenable. METHODS:Fifty-eight dorsal metacarpal artery perfor...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e318221ddfa
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nasal reconstruction can be a challenge for the plastic surgeon. The forehead flap is the workhorse in nasal reconstruction, providing similar skin color, texture, structure, and reliability. There are disadvantages of the forehead flap, including a difficult arc of rotation, which risks displacement of medi...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181954036
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reverse flow island sural flap is presented as an alternative to flaps currently used for reconstruction of small and medium substance losses in the distal third of the leg, ankle, and heel. This is a random type of flap, based on the reverse flow of the superficial sural artery, which mainly depends on the anatom...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00006534-200202000-00027
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:One of the most common complications of the use of foreign material, in both reconstructive and cosmetic breast surgery, is capsular contracture. Historically, research on capsular contracture has focused mainly on reducing bacterial contamination through antibiotic solutions. Only secondary studies have foc...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0000000000006553
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to compare the local recurrence and distant metastasis of postmastectomy radiotherapy for breast cancer patients with and without immediate transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap reconstruction. METHODS:Between March of 1997 and October of 2001, 191 breast can...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.prs.0000220527.35442.44
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Common variations in morphology of the medial crura have been described. The authors' observation is that changes in nasal tip projection depend on the shape and strength of the medial crura. The authors investigated how differences in medial crura shape affect tip projection after surgical intervention. ME...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3182a0137a
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine patients with complex extremity injuries were treated with emergency free-flap transfers over a 3 1/2-year period. The transferred emergency free flaps were performed to cover exposed vital structures. All flaps survived without infection. Complete and careful assessment of the systemic condition of the patient a...
journal_title:Plastic and reconstructive surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00