Abstract:
:Theories suggest that rapid microbial growth rates lead to quicker development of metal resistance. We tested these theories by adding hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] to soil, sowing Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), and comparing rhizosphere and bulk soil microbial community responses. Four weeks after the initial Cr(VI) application we measured Cr concentration, microbial biomass by fumigation extraction and soil extract ATP, tolerance to Cr and growth rates with tritiated thymidine incorporation, and performed community substrate use analysis with BIOLOG GN plates. Exchangeable Cr(VI) levels were very low, and therefore we assumed the Cr(VI) impact was transient. Microbial biomass was reduced by Cr(VI) addition. Microbial tolerance to Cr(VI) tended to be higher in the Cr-treated rhizosphere soil relative to the non-treated systems, while microorganisms in the Cr-treated bulk soil were less sensitive to Cr(VI) than microorganisms in the non-treated bulk soil. Microbial diversity as measured by population evenness increased with Cr(VI) addition based on a Gini coefficient derived from BIOLOG substrate use patterns. Principal component analysis revealed separation between Cr(VI) treatments, and between rhizosphere and bulk soil treatments. We hypothesize that because of Cr(VI) addition there was indirect selection for fast-growing organisms, alleviation of competition among microbial communities, and increase in Cr tolerance in the rhizosphere due to the faster turnover rates in that environment.
journal_name
J Environ Qualjournal_title
Journal of environmental qualityauthors
Ipsilantis I,Coyne MSdoi
10.2134/jeq2005.0438subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-04-05 00:00:00pages
638-45issue
3eissn
0047-2425issn
1537-2537pii
36/3/638journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Urea-nitrogen (N) is commonly applied to crop fields, yet it is not routinely monitored despite its association with reduced water quality and its ability to increase toxicity of certain phytoplankton species. The purpose of this work was to characterize temporal fluctuations in urea-N concentrations and associated en...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jeq2.20173
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::During recent decades, a change in land use in the mountainous regions of Northern Thailand has been accompanied by an increased input of agrochemicals. We identified lateral water flow and pesticide transport pathways and mechanisms in a Hapludult on a sloped litchi orchard in Northern Thailand. During two rainy seas...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2006.0241
更新日期:2007-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::Soils support ecosystem functions such as plant growth and water quality because of certain physical, chemical, and biological properties. These properties have been studied at different spatial scales, including point scales to satisfy basic research needs, and regional scales to satisfy monitoring needs. Recently, s...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.301101x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen (N) availability affects plant biomass yield and, hence, phytoextraction of contaminants during phytoremediation of end-of-life municipal lagoons. End-of-life lagoons are characterized by fluctuating moisture conditions, but the effects on biosolid N dynamics have not been adequately characterized. This 130-d...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2015.02.0084
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining the survival of zoonotic pathogens in livestock manure and runoff is critical for understanding the environmental and public health risks associated with these wastes. The occurrence and persistence of the bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter spp. in a passive beef cattle feedlot ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0100
更新日期:2007-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Ammonia (NH(3)) emissions from animal systems have become a primary concern for all of livestock production. The purpose of this research was to establish the relationship of nitrogen (N) emissions to specific components of swine production systems and to determine accurate NH(3) emission factors appropriate for the r...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.1189
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Summitville Mine was a high-elevation (3500 m) gold mine in southwestern Colorado. The mine was abandoned in 1992, leaving approximately 200 ha of disturbance comprised partially of an open pit, a cyanide heap leach pad, and two large waste rock piles. Reclamation of these mine facilities is challenging due to ext...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1528
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli is a ubiquitous component of the intestinal microflora of warm-blooded animals, and is an indicator of fecal contamination of surface waters. Ribotype profiling of E. coli is one of several genotypic methods that has been developed to determine the host origin of fecal bacteria. Like most genotypic me...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.3050
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vertical distributions of (36)Cl and (99)Tc are presented from deep and shallow lysimeters above artificially controlled water tables for a 4-yr experiment from 1990 to 1993. Activity concentration profiles were all measured in late summer when a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pastiche) crop was harvested. Aft...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.2272
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Man has land-applied societal nonhazardous wastes for centuries as a means of disposal and to improve the soil via the recycling of nutrients and the addition of organic matter. Nonhazardous wastes include a vast array of materials, including manures, biosolids, composts, wastewater effluents, food-processing wastes, ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0007
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study is to assess whether certain ecophysiological responses (contents of total phenols, total proanthocyanidins, and total and simple flavonols), in the needles of Aleppo pines (Pinus halepensis Mill.) may be valid bioindicators for the assessment of the air quality. Samples were taken at five...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2265
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of marginal lands for biofuel production has been proposed as a promising solution for meeting biofuel demands while avoiding food-feed-fuel conflicts. However, uncertainty surrounds whether marginal lands can be reliably located, as well as their inherent biofuel potential and the possible environmental impac...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2013.05.0171
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine whether tree rings can be used to detect or assess local historical 90Sr or 137Cs fallout, such as that resulting from the Hiroshima atomic bomb, radial distribution of 90Sr and 137Cs in trees was examined. We studied a gymnosperm [Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica (L. f.) D. Don] and an angiosperm (Japa...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.2001
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are growing concerns regarding the fate of nutrients, especially phosphorus (P), from land application of animal waste. One approach being studied to reduce runoff losses of P is to treat manure or the soil receiving manure with chemical amendments such as gypsum. This study used rainfall simulations to examine ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0422
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphate treatments can reduce metal dissolution and transport from contaminated soils. However, diammonium phosphate (DAP) has not been extensively tested as a chemical immobilization treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate DAP as a chemical immobilization treatment and to investigate potential solids contro...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.302493x
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::High suspended sediment (SPS) concentration commonly exists in many Asian rivers. Furthermore, climate change can cause high floods and lead to the resuspension of sediments and soil erosion, resulting in high SPS concentration in many natural waters. This research studied the impact of the presence of SPS and organic...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0305
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of liquid hog manure (LHM) and commercial fertilizer on NO-N leaching was measured for 2 yr in a long-term manure experiment on a loamy sand soil at Carberry, MB. The field experiment, sown to barley ( L.) and wheat ( L.), comprised six treatments including two rates of LHM (28, 084 and 56,168 L ha [2500 an...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2017.08.0333
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin 3-oxide), a pesticide that is highly toxic to aquatic organisms, is widely used in the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) industry in Australia and is a risk to the downstream riverine environment. We used the GLEAMS model to e...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.303702x
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Denitrifying bioreactors are dependent on organic matter supply as a substrate for effective NO removal. In this study, the difference in removal efficiency and side effects when using different organic matter sources and dosing strategies was tested in two field experiments. The organic matter sources tested were woo...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2018.04.0165
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioalkylation and colloid formation of selenium during selenate removal in upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) bioreactors was investigated. The mesophilic (30 degrees C) UASB reactor (pH = 7.0) was operated for 175 d with lactate as electron donor at an organic loading rate of 2 g COD L(-1) d(-1) and a selenium loadin...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0630
更新日期:2008-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Soil chemical constituents influence soil structure and erosion potential. We investigated manure and inorganic fertilizer applications on soil chemistry (carbon [C] quality and exchangeable cations), aggregation, and phosphorus (P) loss in overland flow. Surface samples (0-5 cm) of a Hagerstown (fine, mixed, semiacti...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.2070
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of broad-host-range (BHR) plasmid amplicons belonging to incompatibility (Inc) groups IncA/C, IncN, IncP, and IncW in two wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and effluent-receiving streams in Northwest Arkansas, Mud Creek and Spring Creek, was determined. Community DNA captured on filter membran...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2010.0228
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have reported a spectrum of sorption phenomena in soils, sediments, and organic matter isolates of those materials that are inconsistent with a partition model proposed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, a model predicated on a hypothesis that sorption is linear and noncompetitive. To explain these no...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0362
更新日期:2006-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Polyacrylamide (PAM) treatment of irrigation water is a growing conservation technology in irrigated agriculture in recent years. There is a concern regarding the environmental impact of PAM after its application. The effects of anionic PAM on the sorption characteristics of four widely used herbicides (metolachlor, a...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1226
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::DIMBOA (3,4-dihydro-2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one), a major benzoxazinone of Poaceae plants, was isolated and purified from corn seedlings. The effect of isolated and purified DIMBOA on the degradation of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], and its toxic breakdown produc...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0409
更新日期:2005-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The area under no-till (NT) in Brazil reached 22 million ha in 2004-2005, of which approximately 45% was located in the southern states. From the 1970s to the mid-1980s, this region was a source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere due to decrease of soil carbon (C) stocks and high consumption of fuel by intensive till...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0233
更新日期:2006-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Potent estrogenic hormones are consistently detected in the environment at low concentration, yet these chemicals are strongly sorbed to soil and are labile. The objective of this research was to improve the understanding of the processes of sorption, mobility, and transformation for estrogens in natural soils, and th...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.0290
更新日期:2005-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::We compare subsurface-drainage NO-N and total reactive phosphorus (TRP) concentrations and yields of select bioenergy cropping systems and their rotational phases. Cropping systems evaluated were grain-harvested corn-soybean rotations, grain- and stover-harvested continuous corn systems with and without a cover crop, ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2015.02.0080
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventeen different wastewater sludges were characterized using both chemical and organic matter fractionation methods (water extraction, Van Soest method, and acid hydrolysis) and 6-mo incubation studies to assess their decomposition in soil. Simple correlation and multiple factor analysis (MFA) were then performed t...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.1885
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus (P) losses from nonpoint sources into surface water resources through surface runoff and tile drainage play a significant role in eutrophication. Accordingly, the number of studies involving the modeling of agricultural P losses, the uncertainties of such models, and the best management practices (BMPs) sup...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jeq2.20109
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00