Abstract:
AIMS:Six Delta is a six-dimensional independent platform for outcome-based pricing/contracting. The six dimensions have been described separately: (δ1) cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-utility analysis-based pricing; (δ2) willingness-to-pay-based pricing; (δ3) reference-based pricing; (δ4) safety-based pricing; (δ5) risk of efficacy failure-based pricing; and (δ6) adherence-based pricing. The final step is to integrate the various dimension-specific pricing estimates into a composite estimate termed the All-Dimensional Price (ADP). We describe the methodology for this integration and present a proof-of-concept application to the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation with osimertinib. MATERIALS AND METHODS:For better accuracy in estimating the ADP, we used the prices generated from the six dimensions at scenario levels, not at the dimension-specific price (DSP) level. We pooled the price estimates and performed Monte Carlo Simulations (MCS) for the price scenarios generated by the six dimensions. We used the results of the proof-of-concept exercise involving osimertinib in NSCLC with EGFR mutation to estimate the ADP in two hypothetical contracts: 1-year (2019-2020) and 2-year contract (2019-2021). RESULTS:The average of the 30-day prescription estimates from the six dimensions averaged $10,819 (SD=$8,486) for the 1-year contract and $10,730 (SD=$8,500) for the 2-year contract. MCS yielded for the 1-year contract an ADP of $10,959 (or -25.02% the 2018 WAC price) and an ADP for the 2-year contract was $10,788 (or -26.19% the 2018 WAC price). CONCLUSIONS:We demonstrated that the integration of the prices from the six dimensions of the Six Delta platform and market conditions is feasible and yields multidimensional prices estimates to support outcome-based pricing/contracting.
journal_name
J Med Econjournal_title
Journal of medical economicsauthors
Alkhatib NS,McBride A,Slack M,Bhattacharjee S,Erstad B,Ramos K,Abraham Idoi
10.1080/13696998.2020.1815031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
1266-1272issue
11eissn
1369-6998issn
1941-837Xjournal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:The economic implications from the US Medicare perspective of adopting alternative treatment strategies for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) are substantial. The objective of this study is to describe a modeling framework that explores the impact of decisions related to both the lo...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2014.941065
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate direct medical costs and resource use for commercially-insured patients within two pulmonary hypertension sub-groups: pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Using a retrospective cohort design, subjects (≥18 yea...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2012.665109
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The treatment of iron deficiency (ID) with ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) improves the functional class and quality of life of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and reduces the rate of hospitalization due to worsening CHF. This study aims to evaluate the...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2020.1838872
更新日期:2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:EOX (epirubicin, oxaliplatin, Xeloda; capecitabine) and FOLFOX4 (5-fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin, oxaliplatin) are the common chemotherapy regimens used in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (aGC) in Hong Kong. This study aimed to compare the costs of these therapies for aGC patients from both the he...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1296452
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Patients with psoriasis often undergo treatment with a sequence of biologic agents because of poor/loss of response to initial therapy. With the availability of newer agents like ixekizumab and secukinumab, there is a need for cost-effectiveness analyses to better reflect current clinical practice. This study aime...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1474747
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to describe the economic burden to managed care associated with failure of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) therapy in terms of direct medical costs. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of the PharMetrics database, a national managed care medical and pharmacy claims ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696990802522339
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The relationship between chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) control and pain medication (analgesic) adherence has not been widely documented. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pain intensity and the degree of adherence to analgesic medication prescribed in pain clinics. There w...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2011.598202
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Two anti-cancer drugs are currently approved for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC): trastuzumab-based therapy (TBT) administered intravenously as first line therapy until disease progression and lapatinib, an oral self-administered dual therapy with capecitabine (L+C) as second in...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2012.729549
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Renal failure is a growing public health problem, and is mainly treated by hemodialysis. This study aims to estimate the societal costs of hemodialysis in Lebanon. METHODS:This was a quantitative, cross-sectional cost-of-illness study conducted alongside the Nutrition Education for Management of Osteodystrophy tri...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2016.1207653
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A cost analysis of once-daily insulin glargine versus three-times daily insulin lispro in combination with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) for insulin-naive type 2 diabetes patients in Germany based on the APOLLO trial (A Parallel design comparing an Oral antidiabetic drug combination therapy with either Lantu...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696990902949614
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review, summarize, and analyze both similarities and differences of pharmacoeconomic (PE) guidelines, to enable researchers to access their characteristics and the current state of PE guidelines; furthermore, to learn which methodological issues still remain contested and to promote the methodological deve...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1387118
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The patient cost burden of oral anticancer medicines has been associated with prescription abandonment, delayed treatment initiation, and poorer health outcomes in the US. Since 2011, several small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2019.1580200
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been included in international guidelines as important alternatives to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Meanwhile, in the Netherlands, NOAC...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1563404
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A Phase-3 study of defibrotide compared with historical controls demonstrated a 23% improvement in 100-day survival post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) among patients with veno-occlusive disease with multi-organ dysfunction (VOD with MOD). AIM:To estimate the budget impact and cost-effective...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2016.1275652
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, treatment pattern, and medical costs associated with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in Chinese patients. Methods: This retrospective study identified a group of patients with newly-developed mCRPC from 2012 to 2016 to extract information fr...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2019.1600524
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Randomized controlled trials have shown that a once-daily prolonged-release (PR) tacrolimus formulation (PR tacrolimus; Advagraf * ), is non-inferior to a twice-daily immediate-release (IR) tacrolimus formulation (IR tacrolimus; Prograf † ) in terms of biopsy-proven acute rejection, graft failure an...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2014.916713
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To model the economic impact of annual relapses/relapse-related hospitalizations among adults with schizophrenia treated with lurasidone or quetiapine extended-release (XR). METHODS:A probabilistic model estimating per-patient-per-year (PPPY) direct mental healthcare (MH) cost differences due to relapses/relap...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.809353
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Validation of overall survival (OS) extrapolations of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) during the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Single Technology Assessment (STA) process is limited due to data still maturing at the time of submission. Inaccurate extrapolation may lead to inappr...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1547303
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) using the Melody * transcatheter pulmonary valve is a new procedure introduced in 2000 as a less invasive treatment for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction. The aim of this new procedure is to restore pulmonary valve competence without the need ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2010.545465
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Two human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are on the market. Based on expected differences in sustained- and cross-protection between the two vaccines, their long-term economic value is modelled and compared for France, Ireland and Italy. METHODS:A Markov cohort model reproducing the natural history of HPV inf...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2010.490481
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Compare long-term costs and outcomes of lurasidone to aripiprazole among adults with schizophrenia in the US who previously failed ≥1 atypical antipsychotic (olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, or ziprasidone) based on an indirect comparison of outcomes data from clinical trials. METHODS:A 5-year Markov coh...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.807813
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Inhibitor development to factor VIII (FVIII) hemophilia therapy results in increased complications and substantial economic costs. The SIPPET study, the first randomized controlled trial to compare the immunogenicity of plasma-derived FVIII (pdFVIII)/von Willebrand factor (VWF) and recombinant-DNA-derived FV...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1468335
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased over the past years due to aging of the population, and healthcare costs associated with AF reflect a significant financial burden. The aim of this study was to explore predictors for the real-world AF-related in-hospital costs in patients that recently init...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1363766
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aims: Allopurinol is the most common urate lowering therapy (ULT) used to treat gout but may cause life-threatening severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) in a small number of patients. Risk of SCAR is increased for patients with the HLA-B*58:01 genotype. When alternative ULT is required, febuxostat or probenecid a...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2020.1757456
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: IVF is now a wide spread procedure globally, and currently 65 countries report annually all or part of their IVF/ICSI cycles, from which the International Committee Monitoring progress in Assisted Reproduction Technology (ICMART) published its report. There is considerable variation in the utilization (num...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2019.1609484
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:More than 1.5 million patients worldwide are affected by bone metastases. Patients with bone metastases frequently develop skeletal-related events (SREs, including radiation to bone, non-vertebral fracture, vertebral fracture, surgery to bone, and spinal cord compression) that are associated with high health...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.774279
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and healthcare resource utilization (HRU)/costs of individuals treated for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in the US. METHODS:Using a US administrative claims database, this study identified commercially-insured adults newly diagnosed with carcinoid tumors ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2014.975233
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare 1-year costs and benefits of dapagliflozin (DAPA), a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, with those of other treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D), such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), sulfonylureas (SUs), thiazolidinediones (TZDs), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1434182
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with either glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) or interferon beta-1a for once-weekly, intramuscular administration (Avonex). METHODS:An 'intent-to-treat' (ITT) cohort (n=1282) was established, consisting of patients diagnosed with MS who began therapy ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2010.496650
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with unresectable, metastatic colorectal cancer with wild type Kirsten ras mutational status are eligible for sequential treatments which include monoclonal antibodies as first line (1L), second line (2L), or third line (3L) regimens. OBJECTIVE:To compare the economic outcomes of different sequence...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.864973
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00