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Synthesis and evaluation of nevirapine analogs to study the metabolic activation of nevirapine.

Abstract：

:Nevirapine (NVP) is widely used as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor of HIV-1, however, it is associated with severe skin and liver injury. The mechanisms of these adverse reactions are not yet clear, but the metabolic activation of NVP is thought to be related to the injury process. Until now, several metabolic activation pathways of NVP have been reported. In this study, in order to identify the reactive metabolite of NVP mainly responsible for CYP inhibition and liver injury, we synthesized five NVP analogs designed to avoid the proposed bioactivation pathway and evaluated their metabolic stabilities, CYP3A4 time-dependent inhibitory activities, and cytotoxicity. As a result, only a pyrimidine analog of NVP, which could avoid the formation of a reactive epoxide intermediate, did not inhibit CYP3A4. Outside of this compound, the other synthesized compounds, which could avoid the generation of a reactive quinone-methide intermediate, inhibited CYP3A4 equal to or stronger than NVP. The pyrimidine analog of NVP did not induce cytotoxicity in HepG2 and transchromosomic HepG2 cells, expressing major four CYP enzymes and CYP oxidoreductase. These results indicated that the epoxide intermediate of NVP might play an important role in NVP-induced liver injury.

journal_name

Drug Metab Pharmacokinet

journal_title

Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics

authors

Tateishi Y,Ohe T,Yasuda D,Takahashi K,Nakamura S,Kazuki Y,Mashino T

doi

10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.01.006

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-04-01 00:00:00

pages

238-243

issue

2

eissn

1347-4367

issn

1880-0920

pii

S1347-4367(20)30011-2

journal_volume

35

pub_type

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