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Sex-related differences in carotid plaque features and inflammation.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:Severe carotid stenosis is a frequent cause of stroke in both men and women. Whereas several sex-related comparisons are available on coronary atherosclerosis, there are few data appraising gender-specific features of carotid plaques. We aimed to systematically compare the pathology and inflammatory features of carotid plaques in men vs women. METHODS:Carotid plaque specimens were collected from patients undergoing surgical endarterectomy for asymptomatic or symptomatic carotid stenosis. Histologic analysis was performed, as well as measurements of plaque composition and inflammation. RESULTS:A total of 457 patients were included (132 women, 325 men). Baseline analyses showed a greater prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and former smoking status in women, despite a higher Framingham Heart Score in men (all P < .05). Women had a lower prevalence of thrombotic plaques, smaller percentage area of necrotic core, and hemorrhage extension (all P < .05). Plaque inflammation analysis showed a lower concentration of inflammatory and, in particular, of macrophage foam cells in the plaque cap of women (both P < .05). These differences were, however, no longer significant at multivariable analysis, including several baseline features, such as symptom status and stenosis severity. CONCLUSIONS:Carotid plaques seem significantly different in women and men, but the main drivers of such pathologic differences are baseline features, including stenosis severity and symptom status.

journal_name

J Vasc Surg

journal_title

Journal of vascular surgery

authors

Sangiorgi G,Roversi S,Biondi Zoccai G,Modena MG,Servadei F,Ippoliti A,Mauriello A

doi

10.1016/j.jvs.2012.07.052

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-02-01 00:00:00

pages

338-44

issue

2

eissn

0741-5214

issn

1097-6809

pii

S0741-5214(12)01745-4

journal_volume

57

pub_type

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