Abstract:
:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a glucose tolerance disorder with onset during pregnancy and is associated with increased feto-maternal morbidity as well as long-term complications in mother and child. Women who fulfil the criteria of a manifest diabetes in early pregnancy (fasting plasma glucose >126 mg/dl, spontaneous glucose level >200 mg/dl or HbA1c > 6.5% before 20 weeks of gestation) should be classified as having manifest diabetes in pregnancy and treated as such. Screening for undiagnosed type 2 diabetes at the first prenatal visit (evidence level B) is particularly recommended in women at increased risk (history of GDM or prediabetes, malformation, stillbirth, successive abortions or birth weight >4500 g in previous pregnancies, obesity, metabolic syndrome, age >35 years, vascular disease, clinical symptoms of diabetes, e. g. glucosuria, or ethnic groups with increased risk for GDM/T2DM, e.g. Arabian countries, south and southeast Asia and Latin America). A GDM is diagnosed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or a fasting glucose concentration ≥92 mg/dl. Performance of the OGTT (120 min, 75 g glucose) may already be indicated in the first trimester in high risk women but is mandatory between 24-28 gestational weeks in all pregnant women with previous non-pathological glucose metabolism (evidence level B). Based on the results of the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study and following the recent WHO recommendations, GDM is present if the fasting plasma glucose level exceeds 92 mg/dl, the 1 h level exceeds 180 mg/dl or the 2 h level exceeds 153 mg/dl after glucose loading (OGTT international consensus criteria). A single increased value is sufficient for the diagnosis and a strict metabolic control is mandatory. After bariatric surgery an OGTT is not recommended due to the risk of postprandial hypoglycemia. All women with GDM should receive nutritional counselling, be instructed in self-monitoring of blood glucose and to increase physical activity to moderate intensity levels, if not contraindicated. If blood glucose levels cannot be maintained in the therapeutic range (fasting <95 mg/dl and 1 h postprandial <140 mg/dl) insulin therapy should be initiated as first choice. Maternal and fetal monitoring is required in order to minimize maternal and fetal/neonatal morbidity and perinatal mortality. After delivery all women with GDM have to be re-evaluated by a 75 g OGTT (WHO criteria) 4-12 weeks postpartum to reclassify the glucose tolerance and every 2 years in cases of normal glucose tolerance (evidence level B). All women have to be informed about their (sevenfold increased relative) risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM) at follow-up and possible preventive measures, in particular weight management, healthy diet and maintenance/increase of physical activity. Monitoring of the development of children and recommendations for a healthy lifestyle are necessary for the whole family. Regular obstetric examinations including ultrasound examinations are recommended. Within the framework of neonatal care, neonates of GDM mothers should undergo blood glucose measurements and if necessary appropriate measures should be initiated.
journal_name
Wien Klin Wochenschrjournal_title
Wiener klinische Wochenschriftauthors
Kautzky-Willer A,Harreiter J,Winhofer-Stöckl Y,Bancher-Todesca D,Berger A,Repa A,Lechleitner M,Weitgasser Rdoi
10.1007/s00508-018-1419-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
91-102issue
Suppl 1eissn
0043-5325issn
1613-7671pii
10.1007/s00508-018-1419-8journal_volume
131pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The official mortality statistics in Austria fail to report the localization of uterine cancer in nearly two thirds of cases and, thus, the annual death rate of women with cervical versus endometrial cancer is not clear. These two diseases behave totally differently with regard to their aetiology, age distribution, ea...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The functional effect of the pineal gland cyst is difficult to evaluate with visual field examination. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of visual evoked potentials (VEP) in patients with pineal gland cyst due to the possible compression on the visual pathway. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Black-and-w...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-012-0215-0
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2007 Austria reported a total of 438 foodborne outbreaks affecting 1715 people, including 286 hospitalized patients and one death. Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. accounted for 95% of all reported outbreaks. Forty-eight (11%) of the 438 Austrian outbreaks were acquired abroad. Of the 390 domestically acquire...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-008-1125-z
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glomerular lesions in lupus nephritis have been extensively studied in recent decades, but much less attention has been paid to the tubulo-interstitial compartment. The aim of this study was to contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of tubulo-interstitial lesions in lupus nephritis by analysing their inci...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::The case is reported of a 26 year-old man with a colloid cyst of the third ventricle (paraphyseal cyst; neuroepithelial cyst), which gave rise to a fatal increase in intracranial pressure. Despite repeated hospitalisation the diagnosis was not established prior to death. This report serves as a reminder that this rare...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Lung cancer is the most frequent cause of death from cancer in men. In addition its prevalence among women is currently rapidly increasing. Main risk factors are smoking, exposure to asbestos and genetic factors. Current screening methods do not allow early detection and, hence, lung cancer is usually diagnosed at an ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most important advances in the surgical management of renal calculi are reviewed and the following current concepts are discussed: operation of the kidney in situ with dorsal muscle-sparing lumbotomy; intrasinusal pyelolithotomy as a modern principle of stone surgery; modern techniques for the localization and rem...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1978-03-31 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To present our innovative surgical method for prevention of early preterm delivery in women with cervical dilatation and membrane herniation. STUDY DESIGN:A woman in the 24th gestational week, with membrane herniation due to a 2-3 cm dilatation of the cervix, is presented. The surgical technique for occlusio...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-006-0550-0
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the last years, an increasing trend of voyages to Central and Eastern European destinations could be observed. However, Europeans travelling within their own continent do not consider themselves as travellers exposed to possibly travel-associated infections since problem awareness among tourists as well as cons...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00508-005-0442-8
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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doi:10.1007/s00508-020-01763-1
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::A case of pelviscopic hysterectomy with uterine hyperflexion and cervical elongation is presented. In this case we were forced to extirpate the cervical fascia because of uterine hemorrhage by laparotomy after the cervical tissue punch had been performed. The histological findings were supravaginal cervical glands. Co...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several pathogenic mycoplasma species are known etiologic agents of diseases in man and animals, which typically involve the respiratory tract, urogenital tract and joints and often show chronicity. Although the basis for this chronicity is not well understood, it is apparent that several species of pathogenic mycopla...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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doi:
更新日期:1997-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Postoperative acute renal insufficiency after cardiac surgery in neonates is associated with increased mortality and is usually treated (while using ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) with hemofiltration. Renal support has to be continued after weaning from ECMO when oliguria persists. When using hemofiltratio...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::The ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood) was founded in 1990 in order to maximise the value of epidemiological research into asthma and allergic diseases, to describe the prevalence of asthma and allergic disease in children living in different locations, to make comparisons within and betwee...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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doi:
更新日期:1999-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic injuries of the lid often affect the lower lid and the lower canaliculus. Lid destruction by tumours also frequently takes place in the medial part of the lower lid, involving the canaliculus inferior. In order to prevent chronic epiphora the lower canaliculus has to be reconstructed. The most elegant and ef...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::A case of recurrent peroneal tendon subluxation is reported. Dynamic ultrasonography is the best imaging modality in the diagnosis of peroneal tendon subluxation. ...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-013-0435-y
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the second half of the 20th century the medical profession has changed considerably. "The golden age of medicine" seems to be over. This study analyses job satisfaction and prospects of Austrian physicians in the twenty-first century. METHODS:A questionnaire was sent to all 289 internal medicine speciali...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00508-007-0843-y
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Transmission of Cryptosporidium sp. within the general public was studied. We were looking for a possible risk of infection associated with animal contacts. Investigation of the animal contacts of affected individuals led to the formulation of the hypothesis that animals are a source of cryptosporidiosis. The research...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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abstract:BACKGROUND:The goal of cardiac rehabilitation programs is not only to prolong life, but also to improve physical functioning, symptoms, wellbeing and health-related quality of life (HRQL). The aim of the study was to document short-term outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation programs in Austria. METHODS:Consecutive patien...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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abstract::Cryptosporidium is an important cause of community gastroenteritis, usually associated with drinking contaminated water, visits to swimming pools or animal exposure. In immunocompetent patients, cryptosporidiosis is usually a self-limiting disease but it can be devastating illness in immunocompromised persons. This re...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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doi:10.1007/s00508-006-0637-7
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1977-03-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Our aim in this study was to investigate whether mean platelet volume (MPV) value could be used as an early marker to predict pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). METHODS:Overall, 44 patients with PID and 44 healthy women were included in the study. The control group consisted of 44 women who applied to the c...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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doi:10.1007/s00508-014-0560-2
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current knowledge and recommendations on the clinical use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) in gynecologic cancers including breast cancer, along with the clinical experience of the members of the working group of the Austrian Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Gynäkologische Onkologie (AGO), have been summar...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引
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更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypersensitivity to allergens in tobacco leaf as a cause of occupational asthma in workers of the tobacco manufacturing industry has been reported previously. We describe the case of a female employee working in a tobacco plant with asthmatic symptoms occurring at the working place. The symptoms described by the patie...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
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更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective suppression of the immune system in graft recipients is now achieved in most cases by treatment with cyclosporine A. Due to large individual differences in absorption, utilization and metabolisation of this drug, therapeutic blood levels (immunosuppression/toxicity) can be maintained only by frequent measure...
journal_title:Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-12-19 00:00:00