Abstract：
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Disruptions of executive function, including attentional deficits, are a hallmark of a number of diseases. ACh in the prefrontal cortex regulates attentive behaviour; however, the role of α7 nicotinic ACh receptor (α7nAChR) in attention is contentious. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:In order to probe attention, we trained both wild-type and α7nAChR knockout mice on a touch screen-based five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRT). Following training procedures, we then tested sustained attention using a probe trial experiment. To further differentiate the role of specific nicotinic receptors in attention, we then tested the effects of both α7nAChR and β2nAChR agonists on the performance of both wild-type and knockout mice on the 5-CSRT task. KEY RESULTS:At low doses, α7nAChR agonists improved attentional performance of wild-type mice, while high doses had deleterious effects on attention. α7nAChR knockout mice displayed deficits in sustained attention that were not ameliorated by α7nAChR agonists. However, these deficits were completely reversed by the administration of a β2nAChR agonist. Furthermore, administration of a β2nAChR agonist in α7nAChR knockout mice elicited similar biochemical response in the prefrontal cortex as the administration of α7nAChR agonists in wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS:Our experiments reveal an intricate relationship between distinct nicotinic receptors to regulate attentional performance and provide the basis for targeting β2nAChRs pharmacologically to decrease attentional deficits due to a dysfunction in α7nAChRs.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Kolisnyk B,Al-Onaizi MA,Prado VF,Prado MAdoi
10.1111/bph.13260subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-10-01 00:00:00pages
4919-31issue
20eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
172pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The stoichiometric relationship between adrenoceptors and saturable binding sites for 1,4-dihydropyridines in calcium channels was investigated in human ventricular myocardium. Membrane particles were prepared from heart specimens of patients undergoing open heart surgery. The patients suffered from hypertrophic obstr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11194.x
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) metabolizes compounds containing catechol structures and has two forms: soluble (S-COMT) and membrane-bound (MB-COMT). Here we report the generation of a mouse line that expresses MB-COMT but not S-COMT. We compared the effects of deleting S-COMT only or both C...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00494.x
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The influence of the external calcium concentration on the effect of harmine 2 x 10(-5) M upon the guinea-pig atrial muscle was analysed. Transmembrane potentials of contractile fibres were measured during exposure to the drug at 30 degrees C. 2 In preparations superfused with 1.35 mM Ca2+-Tyrode solution and driven...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb09986.x
更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adenosine alone at 0.1 and 1.0 mg per tracheal segment stimulated mucus secretion by 52% and 88%, respectively, compared to baseline (P less than 0.0001). The site of the potent secretagogue effect of adenosine in canine trachea was consistent with A2 activation. A2 site activation and enhanced secretion were also ind...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1985.tb09435.x
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Athletes attempt to improve performance with drugs that act on the beta-adrenergic system directly or indirectly. Of three beta-adrenoceptor (AR) subtypes, the beta(2)-AR is the main target in sport; they have bronchodilator and anabolic actions and enhance anti-inflammatory actions of corticosteroids. Although demons...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/bjp.2008.164
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of the nitrosothiol, S-nitroso N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) which liberates nitric oxide (NO), on ethanol-mediated gastric damage, blood flow and cyclic GMP levels in siaoloadenectomized (SALX) rats have been investigated. 2. Intraluminal instillation of ethanol (5-50% w/v) dose-dependently induced haem...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1995.tb15883.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxation responses in the rabbit vaginal wall were investigated. These NANC responses were partially inhibited with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 500 microM), N(G)-nitro-L-arginin...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704481
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Annexin A2 (AnxA2) was originally identified as a substrate of the pp60v-src oncoprotein in transformed chicken embryonic fibroblasts. It is an abundant protein that associates with biological membranes as well as the actin cytoskeleton, and has been implicated in intracellular vesicle fusion, the organization of memb...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.12978
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The mechanisms by which nicorandil causes relaxation of rat isolated small mesenteric arteries mounted on a Mulvany myograph was investigated by use of a combination of putatively mechanism-specific antagonists. 2. In arteries precontracted by the thromboxane-mimetic, U46619, the EC50 for cromakalim and levcromakal...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb16071.x
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Acetylcholine mustard (N-2-chloroethyl-N-methyl-2-acetoxyethylamine), a potent muscarinic agonist, binds virtually irreversibly to muscarinic receptors in longitudinal muscle strips from guinea-pig small intesting, as shown by the inhibition of the binding of E13-H]-propylbenzilycholine mustard ([3-H-PrBCM), an aff...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1975.tb07372.x
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Intravenous administration of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and LTD4 (1-10 nmol kg-1) caused a dose-dependent increase in secretion of glandular-kallikrein in the bronchial washings of guinea-pigs, as measured by cleavage of a synthetic substrate and the formation of kinin. LTC4 was more potent than LTD4 and pilocarpine wa...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1992.tb09031.x
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) is an endogenous gaseous signalling molecule with putative functions in gastrointestinal motility regulation. Characterization of H2 S effects on colonic motility is crucial to establish its potential use as therapeutic agent in the treatment of colonic disorders. EXPERI...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.12100
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 Release of [3H]-noradrenaline and 3H-purine by ouabain (10(-4)M) or high KCl (50 mM) was investigated in the superfused rabbit pulmonary arterial segment preincubated with [3H]-noradrenaline or [3H]-adenosine. 2 Ouabain elicited a delayed large contraction and a parallel [3H]-noradrenaline efflux. These were substan...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1982.tb09340.x
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. ICI D7114 is a novel, beta-adrenoceptor agonist which stimulates whole body oxygen consumption in conscious rats, cats and dogs and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity in conscious rats. Treatment of rats with ICI D7114 stimulated oxygen consumption (ED50, 0.04 mg kg-1, p.o.) and BAT mitochondrial guanosine diphosp...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12391.x
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Although botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) is approved for chronic migraine treatment, its mechanism of action is still unknown. Dural neurogenic inflammation (DNI) commonly used to investigate migraine pathophysiology can be evoked by trigeminal pain. Here, we investigated the reactivity of crania...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.13366
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. To clarify the role of the first thrombin receptor/protease-activated receptor (PAR)-1 in an inflammatory process, we tested and characterized the effect of intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of the highly specific PAR-1 agonist TFLLR-NH2 in rat hindpaw. 2. TFLLR-NH2 administered i.pl. at 0.01-0.03 micromol per pa...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0702513
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We have investigated the effects of the selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) type 4 inhibitor, rolipram (0.01-1 microM) on cytosolic Ca2+ fluxes in FMLP-activated human neutrophils, as well as on superoxide production by, and release of elastase from, these cells. 2. Cytosolic Ca2+ fluxes were measured by use of fura-...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701849
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. In order to clarify the mechanism of Ca-dependent excitatory action of maitotoxin (MTX), the most potent marine toxin known, patch-clamp techniques were used to analyse electrophysiological effects of MTX on guinea-pig isolated cardiac myocytes. 2. The whole-cell recordings showed that MTX (0.3 ng ml-1) produced a ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1987.tb11370.x
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present experiments was to investigate the pharmacological action of a toxin from the spider Phoneutria nigriventer, Tx3-3, on the function of calcium channels that control exocytosis of synaptic vesicles. 2. Tx3-3, in confirmation of previous work, diminished the intracellular calcium increase induc...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0701381
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1 The reversible fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor OL135 reverses mechanical allodynia in the spinal nerve ligation (SNL) and mild thermal injury (MTI) models in the rat. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the cannabinoid and opioid systems in mediating this analgesic effect. 2 Elevated...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706699
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The beneficial effect of 5-HT6 receptor antagonism in cognition remains controversial. This study has been undertaken to reassess the cognition enhancing properties of acute vs subchronic treatment with the selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist SB-271046 in unimpaired rats, as well as against scopo...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/bjp.2008.281
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the intracellular actions of imipramine (IMI) in the regulation of ion channels. We tested the action of IMI on the intracellular cascade that regulates M current (I(M)) in superior cervical ganglion neurones (SCGs). Dialysis of the cells with GDPbetaS, a G protein signaling blocker, did not disr...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0706239
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Calu-3 cells are derived from serous cells of human lung submucosal glands, a prime target for therapy in cystic fibrosis (CF). Calu-3 cells can be cultured to form epithelia capable of transepithelial transport of chloride. A CF Calu-3 cell is not available. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:A retroviral v...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0707175
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Sublesional osteoporosis predisposes individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) to an increased risk of low-trauma fracture. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of treatment with resveratrol (RES) on sublesional bone loss in spinal cord-injured rats. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH:Co...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bph.12301
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Sensory neurons play important roles in many disorders, including inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis. Sepsis is a potentially lethal systemic inflammatory reaction to a local bacterial infection, affecting thousands of patients annually. Although associated with a high mortality rate, sepsis outcome depen...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bph.12056
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of the delayed pharmacological preconditioning produced by an adenosine A(1)-receptor agonist (A(1)-DPC) against ventricular arrhythmias induced by ischaemia and reperfusion, compared to those of ischaemia-induced delayed preconditioning (I-DPC). 2. Eighty-nine ...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.bjp.0704407
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of the glycine/NMDA receptor antagonist, (+)-HA-966 on the neurochemical and behavioural responses to amphetamine have been determined in the mouse and rat. 2. In vehicle-treated control mice, (+)-HA-966 (30-100 mg kg-1) did not affect dopamine synthesis in either the nucleus accumbens or striatum and w...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1991.tb12372.x
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We studied the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of prostanoid EP receptor ligands on vagally stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats anaesthetized with urethane. 2. Administration of misoprostol (EP3/EP2 receptor agonist) and sulprostone (EP3/EP1 receptor agonist) reduced vagally mediate...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1996.tb15240.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of intradermally injected prostaglandins (PGs) E(1), E(2), F(1alpha) and F(2alpha) have been examined in the rat and in man.2. PGE(1) and PGE(2) caused an increase in local vascular permeability in rat skin; their potency was comparable with that of other putative mediators of inflammation (histamine, b...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb09934.x
更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Diabetes is a risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease but it is not known whether the functions of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in coronary arteries are altered in the early stage of diabetes. Such alterations and t...
journal_title：British journal of pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00348.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
