Teva Pharmaceuticals v. Sandoz: availability of generic glatiramer acetate and the impact to patent litigation claim construction.

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Since the 1970s, the treatment options for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have increasingly relied upon the use of inhaled drug formulations, generally from handheld inhaler devices. The introduction of combinations of a corticosteroid with a long-acting β2 agonist has dramatically transf...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Norman P

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Small molecule glucokinase activators (GKAs) continue to represent a potential strategy to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D). Glucokinase (GK) primarily exerts its effect through modulatory actions in pancreatic β-cells and hepatocytes. It couples insulin secretion in the pancreas with plasma glucose ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Sarabu R,Berthel SJ,Kester RF,Tilley JW

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many polycationic cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), alternatively named protein transduction domains, have been used for the efficient intracellular delivery of biologically active agents. Patent WO2008/082885 relates to the properties and proposed biomedical applications of a CPP and putative-related sequen...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Howl J,Jones S

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Around 3% of the world population is infected with HCV, with 3 - 4 million newly infected subjects added to this reservoir every year. At least 10% of these people will develop liver cirrhosis or cancer over time, while no approved vaccine against HCV infection is available to date. AREAS COVERED:This pap...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Roohvand F,Kossari N

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Indazoles are heterocyclic moieties rarely found in nature. They are nitrogen containing chemical compounds composed of a pyrazole ring condensed with a benzene ring. Various indazole derivatives have been described with a wide variety of biological activities. This has aroused great interest in the develo...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Denya I,Malan SF,Joubert J

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The use of inhibitors of HIV-1 integrase for treating HIV-1 infection has proven to be very beneficial. Raltegravir, a strand transfer inhibitor, has been approved for use both as a first-line therapy and in treatment-experienced patients. A second compound in this class, elvitegravir, is in Phase III clin...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Pendri A,Meanwell NA,Peese KM,Walker MA

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Bitopic M ligands, that is, ligands that interact both with the ortho- and allosteric binding sites of the M receptor subtypes, hold great potential as novel selective for muscarinic acetylcholine (M) ligands for several therapeutic applications. Areas covered: The patent application describes a set of com...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Holzgrabe U,Decker M

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:PROTACs represent a novel class of heterobifunctional molecules that simultaneously bind to a target protein and to an E3 ligase complex, resulting in the transfer of ubiquitin and initiating a process ultimately causing the proteasomal degradation of the target protein. This mechanism of action imbues PRO...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Benowitz AB,Jones KL,Harling JD

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a critical transcription factor that regulates the expression of many phase II and antioxidant genes to maintain the homeostasis. It has many biological functions and plays a central role in the cellular defensive machinery. The abnormal regulation of Nrf2 is closely as...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Sun H,Zhu J,Lin H,Gu K,Feng F

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) serves as the target for almost a third of currently marketed drugs and provides the predominant mechanism through which extracellular factors transmit signals to the cell. GPCRs have been proved to be good therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders. In rece...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Bharate SB,Nemmani KV,Vishwakarma RA

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are nuclear receptors that act as ligand-dependent transcription factors. RXRs function as homodimers or as heterodimers with other nuclear receptors, such as retinoic acid receptors, PPARs, liver X receptors, farnesoid X receptor, vitamin D receptor or thyroid hormone receptors...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Yamada S,Kakuta H

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a molybdoflavoprotein that catalyzes the oxidative hydroxylation of purines to produce uric acid and reactive oxygen species. These reaction products can cause severe disease conditions like hyperuricemia which makes XO enzyme, an important therapeutic target in diseases like gout....

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Singh JV,Bedi PMS,Singh H,Sharma S

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Not only hypercholesterolemia, but also low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is a critical risk factor for atherosclerosis-related disease. Therefore, there has been great interest in identifying effective and selective cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors that can raise high-de...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Shinkai H

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:CYP, a ubiquitous superfamily of enzymes expressed in major organs in humans, plays a key role in biosynthesis of steroids and metabolism of xenobiotics. Inhibitors of these vital enzymes provide, as tools, the opportunity to gain an insight to their role in a myriad of bioactivity and to intervene as ther...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Francis S,Delgoda R

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Following FDA approval of vorinostat in 2006, several novel HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) have entered clinical trials, and there are numerous published patent applications claiming novel HDACis which were optimized as potential drug candidates, designed for regional or systemic release, and created ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Wang H,Dymock BW

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:In the last 10 years, nutraceuticals have grown in interest to researchers, industry, and consumers and are now familiar in the collective imagination as a tool for preventing the onset of a disease. Often nutraceuticals are confused with biologically active phytochemicals/botanicals which can have health ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Daliu P,Santini A,Novellino E

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:There has been research on anticancer strategies which focus on disrupting a single malignant protein. One of the strategies is the inhibition of one protein, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). There are many reasons why Hsp90 protein is targeted by anticancer agents: maintenance of cellular homeostasis in org...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Kim T,Keum G,Pae AN

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Hepatitis B disease is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is a DNA virus that belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family. It is a considerable health burden, with 257 million active cases globally. Long-standing infection may create a fundamental cause of liver disease and chronic infections, including...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Wei F,Kang D,Cherukupalli S,Zalloum WA,Zhang T,Liu X,Zhan P

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Aberrant activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) 3, a member of the STAT family of proteins, is prevalent in numerous human cancers and is now widely recognized as a critical molecular abnormality and a master regulator of tumor processes. Thus, the identification o...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Page BD,Ball DP,Gunning PT

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The application (WO2010075475) is involved in the diagnosis of angiogenesis-dependent diseases related with the soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) biomarker. OBJECTIVE:It aims to identify, characterize and produce antibodies raised against sFlt-1 for the diagnosis of preeclampsia as well as other c...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Boyaud F,Inguimbert N

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The application is in the field of neural stem cells (NSCs) and cellular therapy. OBJECTIVE:It aims at establishing conditions for the isolation and propagation of neural progenitor and stem cells from human fetal tissue, with high rate of growth and high yields of differentiation into the neuronal, astrogl...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Taupin P

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:c-Met kinase is the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor. Primarily expressed on epithelial and mesenchymal cells its normal function is associated with wound healing, liver regeneration and embryo development. However, dysregulation of c-Met through overexpression, gene amplification, mutation...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Porter J

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Inhibitors of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) represent some of the most widely prescribed, successful and well-tolerated therapeutics of recent times and are of proven worth in the management/prevention of cardiovascular disease and diabetic nephropathy. However, as knowledge has grown about...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Laight DW

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: Phosphodiesterase 10 (PDE10) is one of at least 11 different PDE families, which are the enzymes that degrade adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and/or guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) by hydrolyzing the phosphodiester bonds. Inhibition of PDE10A represents a molecular target in the t...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Zagórska A

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Introduction: TIM3 and PD-1 are checkpoint inhibitors in cancer that coordinate the downregulation of the proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes. There is a great need to discover and develop new therapies focused on inhibiting the action of TIM3 and PD-1 and consequently improving the immune response in the va...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Herrera-Camacho I,Anaya-Ruiz M,Perez-Santos M,Millán-Pérez Peña L,Bandala C,Landeta G

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article evaluates a patent application from Solvay Pharmaceuticals, which claims spiro azepane-oxazolidinones as novel blockers of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 for the treatment of diabetes, psoriasis, obesity, transplant rejection and T-cell mediated autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Wulff H

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The non-receptor tyrosine kinase, inducible tyrosine kinase (Itk), plays an important role in thymus(T)-cell signalling and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Itk, and the other Tec family members, Rlk and Tec, are viewed as attractive drug targets for new agents for the treatment of autoimmune ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Norman P

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Over the past three years numerous patents and patent applications have been published relating to scientific advances in the use of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) (the most abundant, and bioactive compound in green tea) and its analogs as anticancer agents. EGCG affects multiple ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Landis-Piwowar K,Chen D,Foldes R,Chan TH,Dou QP

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) models are becoming one of the most interesting fields for developing therapeutics and therapeutics related patents. At present, QSAR methodologies comprise a series of possibilities, including joining forces with machine learning methods and increasing e...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Halder AK,Moura AS,Cordeiro MNDS

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The oxadiazoles represent a class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds which are of considerable interest in different areas of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. Oxadiazoles can exist in different regioisomeric forms and employ in various agents with a broad range of biological activities. This re...

journal_title：Expert opinion on therapeutic patents

authors： Zarghi A,Hajimahdi Z

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00