Abstract：
:HPLC analyses of GM-CSF in solution mixtures containing both GM-CSF and HSA showed losses of GM-CSF which could not be accounted for using conventional electrophoretic and/or RP-HPLC techniques. Further investigation of these mixtures by immunoblotting and by immunoaffinity chromatography demonstrated the presence of high molecular weight (> 67,000 GM-CSF related species. No such species was detectable in solutions of GM-CSF alone. This experiment pointed to the formation of an adduct between GM-CSF and HSA in the solution mixtures. To probe further the hypothesis of a GM-CSF/HSA adduct, an immunologically based test was conceived which could react only with this type of hybrid molecule. A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using two antibodies, anti-GM-CSF (capture antibody) and anti-HSA (detection antibody), as part of the quantitation of GM-CSF/HSA adducts. After confirming its existence by ELISA, a GM-CSF/HSA adduct was isolated from the solution mixture containing both GM-CSF and HSA. This isolate served as a primary reference standard in the ELISA assay. The immunoassay has a subnanogram sensitivity and is highly specific for GM-CSF/HSA adducts in the presence of either free GM-CSF or free HSA. As a verification, conjugates of GM-CSF/HSA were synthesized using a cross-linking reagent. These covalent conjugates reacted positively in the ELISA and are employed as a convenient alternative reference standard.
journal_name
Pharm Resjournal_title
Pharmaceutical researchauthors
Kumarasamy R,Bausch J,Kopcha D,Patel S,McGonigle Edoi
10.1023/a:1018900701657subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
365-71issue
3eissn
0724-8741issn
1573-904Xjournal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a pulsatile drug delivery system based on an impermeable capsule body filled with drug and an erodible plug placed in the opening of the capsule body. METHODS:The erodible plugs were either prepared by direct compression followed by placing the tablets in...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1011940718534
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of Sb was examined in 29 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis following the intramuscular administration of a dose of sodium stibogluconate equivalent to 600 mg of Sb. Blood was sampled at different time intervals from each patient and Sb was measured in whole blood by electrothermal atomic absor...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1016251023427
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Because interleukin-10 (IL-10) seems a promising new antifibrotic drug, we investigated the pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profile of this potent therapeutic cytokine in rats with extensive liver fibrosis (BDL-3). IL-10 receptor expression was also determined in relation to these aspects. METHODS:To study...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:pham.0000048199.94510.b0
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholinesterases are ubiquitous carboxylesterase type B enzymes capable of hydrolyzing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which are transiently expressed in multiple germline, embryonic, and tumor cells. The acute poisoning effects of various organophosphorous compounds are generally attributed to their irreversible co...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1015867021628
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine and determine the sites and the kinetics of IgG1 mAb modifications from both in vitro (rat plasma and PBS) and in vivo (rat model) time-course studies. METHODS:A comprehensive set of protein characterization methods, including RPLC/MS, LC-MS/MS, iCIEF, capSEC, and CE-SDS were performed in this repor...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-012-0860-z
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the moisture-induced aggregation (i.e., a loss of solubility in water) of DNA in a solid state and to develop rational strategies for its prevention. METHODS:Lyophilized calf thymus DNA was exposed to relative humidity (RH) levels from 11% to 96% at 55 degrees C. Following a 24-h incubation unde...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-006-9138-7
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the last 50 years we have known of a broad-spectrum agent tilorone dihydrochloride (Tilorone). This is a small-molecule orally bioavailable drug that was originally discovered in the USA and is currently used clinically as an antiviral in Russia and the Ukraine. Over the years there have been numerous clinical and...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-020-02799-8
更新日期：2020-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To dynamically analyze the processes of oral absorption and hepatobiliary distribution of telmisartan using positron emission tomography (PET). METHODS:(11)C-labeled telmisartan ([(11)C]TEL) was orally administered to rats with or without non-radiolabeled telmisartan (0.5, and 10 mg/kg). PET scanning of abdomi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-012-0768-7
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To develop an efficient tumor vasculature-targeted polymeric micelle delivery system for combretastatin A4 (CA4), a novel antivascular agent. METHODS:CA4-loaded micelles were prepared from poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (d, l-lactide) copolymers. RGD peptides that target integrins alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5, m...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-010-0184-9
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To study the impact of different process conditions and formulation compositions on metastable mannitol forms in protein formulations during lyophilization. METHODS:Mannitol was studied with and without other formulation components. A cryostage was used to mimic the different processing steps during lyophiliza...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-012-0855-9
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of varying protein and fat content in milk of New Zealand White rabbits on the milk-to-plasma drug concentration (M/P) ratio of diazepam was studied. At various time points after littering, a bolus dose (1.5 mg/kg) followed by a 26-hr infusion (1.8 mg/h) of diazepam was administered to freely moving rabb...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015809418284
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this work is to design new chitosan conjugates able to self-organize in aqueous solution in the form of micrometer-size platelets. When mixed with amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmB-DOC), micro-platelets act as a drug booster allowing further improvement in AmB-DOC anti-Candida albicans activity. METH...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-017-2117-3
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Gastrointestinal deposition of nanoparticles was examined after oral administration to mice suffering from an experimental gastric ulcer model. Local drug delivery could reduce side effects and would be a distinct improvement compared to existing therapeutic approaches, e.g. in the local therapy of Helicobacter...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-009-9834-1
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excessive production of reactive oxygen species by alveolar macrophages (AMs) in response to inhaled toxic substances is a major cause of oxidative lung injury. Therapeutic approaches designed to protect the lungs from oxidative injury by administering native antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and superoxide dismuta...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018976529766
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of re-directing the uptake mechanism of polyplexes containing oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) decoys to nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) from absorptive-mediated to receptor-mediated endocytosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Complexes of ODNs and a co-polymer of biotin-polyethylenglycol and polyet...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-007-9389-y
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the study was to examine the suitability of using laser diffraction to measure the fine particle fraction (FPF) of drugs emitted from carrier-free dry powder aerosol formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Particle size distribution of terbutaline sulphate from Bricanyl Turbohaler, which contained l...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-006-9056-8
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present review discusses drugs and counter ions suitable for ion pair transport (IPT). Ion pairing is shown to effectively increase the lipophilicity and transport rate of polar drugs across lipid membranes. The proposed mechanisms of IPT are discussed in detail. A marked change in drug properties upon ion pair fo...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1015963128124
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as a colloidal carrier system that could enhance the oral bioavailability of curcumin. However, a burst release of the loaded drug, which occurs in acidic environments, has been a main obstacle to the oral delivery of curcumin by using SLNs as a carrier system...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-014-1469-1
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We recently showed that the perfusion of isolated rat livers with perfusates containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) would significantly stimulate the release of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Here, we hypothesize that BSA-induced increase in the release of TNF-alpha, and possibly other cytokines, would affec...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022202926073
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A double-mutant E224A/E262A full-length botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) Type A with structural similarity to native BoNT/A but lacking the endopeptidase activity provides an ideal surrogate for testing pharmacokinetics and immunochemical characteristics of BoNT. METHODS:We determined lethality (LD50) of deactivate...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-015-1816-x
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aims to develop liposomal formulations containing synergistic antibiotics of colistin and ciprofloxacin for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS:Colistin (Col) and ciprofloxacin (Cip) were co-encapsulated in anionic liposomes by ammonium sulfate g...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-018-2464-8
更新日期：2018-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To demonstrate a very effective and easy way of stabilization of amorphous indomethacin (IMC) by preparing binary mixtures with octaacetylmaltose (acMAL). In order to understand the origin of increased stability of amorphous system inter- and intramolecular interactions between IMC and acMAL were studied. METH...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-014-1385-4
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The lack of water-solubility hampers the use of many potent pharmaceuticals. Polymeric micelles are self-assembled nanocarriers with versatile properties that can be engineered to solubilize, target, and release hydrophobic drugs in a controlled-release fashion. Unfortunately, their large-scale use is limited b...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:pham.0000029284.40637.69
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the study is to characterize glycine crystallization during freezing of aqueous solutions as a function of the glycine salt form (i.e., neutral glycine, glycine hydrochloride, and sodium glycinate), pH, and ionic strength. METHODS:Crystallization was studied by thermal analysis, microscopy, x-ra...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1016223101872
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We have shown that the three human prostate xenograft tumors, i.e. the androgen-dependent CWR22 tumor, and the androgen-resistant CWR22R and CWR91 tumors, are comparable to patient tumors in their expression of prostate specific antigen, multidrug resistance p-glycoprotein, p53 and Bcl-2 and in their sensitivit...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1011921031564
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the efficacy of the novel clinical formulation of fenretinide (LAU-7b) for the treatment of allergic asthma. To study the association between LAU-7b treatment in allergic asthma and the modulation of very long chain ceramides (VLCC). METHODS:We used two allergens (OVA and HDM) to induce asthma in mou...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-019-2743-z
更新日期：2020-01-08 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol 14000 and 72000 (PVA 14 and 72) on the activity of betamethasone and phenylephrine hydrochloride in the rabbit eye was investigated. The polymer of higher molecular weight exerts a more pronounced effect at relatively lower viscosities. Effects on the intraoc...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1016398915965
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A key step of delivering extracellular agents to its intracellular target is to escape from endosomal/lysosomal compartments, while minimizing the release of digestive enzymes that may compromise cellular functions. In this study, we examined the intracellular distribution of both fluorecent cargoes and enzymes...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-015-1619-0
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To show, using a model study, how electronic structure theory can be applied in combination with LC/UV/MS/MS for the prediction and identification of oxidative degradants. METHODS:The benzyloxazole 1, was used to represent an active pharmaceutical ingredient for oxidative forced degradation studies. Bond disso...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:pham.0000041469.96466.12
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Fusogenic liposomes (FLs) are unique delivery vehicles capable of introducing their contents directly into the cytoplasm with the aid of envelope glycoproteins of Sendai virus (SeV). The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of FL to improve the mucosal absorption of insulin from rat intestinal ...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-005-9175-7
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
