Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:There are over 96 million people in the Philippines. Close to 77 thousand persons in this country have orofacial clefting. We estimate nearly 64 thousand are unrepaired. Unemployment and underemployment because of the communication disorders associated with unrepaired clefts will affect family income and hence tax revenues. The purpose of this study is to understand the financial impact of unrepaired cleft lip and/or palate on families and identify how that would translate to the Philippine government in tax revenues. METHODS:The incidence of orofacial cleft in the Philippines was estimated to be at least 1 in 750 people, with only 16% anticipated to be repaired under current conditions. Assuming a 21% unemployment rate in subjects with untreated clefts, and a tax rate of 6-12.4%, projected lost personal income and federal tax revenue was calculated. RESULTS:In 2012 alone the financial impact on the families may be as much as $US 73-88 million in lost revenue from unemployment and underemployment. This would cost the government between $8.0 and $9.8 million dollars in lost tax revenue. Over a 20 year period at least $US 1.7 billion dollars in family income would be affected costing the government at least $US 194 million in taxes. CONCLUSION:By appropriately caring for the cleft population tax revenues should increase substantially. The development of the infrastructure for surgical care of this problem would be costly but could be more than offset by revenues. Inattention to surgically correctable causes of communication disorders is not affordable.
journal_name
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngoljournal_title
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngologyauthors
Muntz HR,Meier JDdoi
10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.08.023subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-01 00:00:00pages
1925-8issue
12eissn
0165-5876issn
1872-8464pii
S0165-5876(13)00410-2journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate pro-apoptotic Bak expression in the germinal centers of adenoid in children on the assumption of the potential usefulness of Bak as adenoid function marker. The study involved 95 children undergoing adenoidectomy; divided into three age groups: aged up to 5 years (25 children), 5-...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2007.09.020
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Bacterial biofilm formation has been implicated in the high rate of persistent otorrhea after tympanostomy tube insertion. It has been suggested that the tube material may be an important factor in the development of otorrhea. Recently we reported the presence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Pseudom...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.10.020
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Pediatric cystic sublingual masses often present a diagnostic dilemma for practitioners. Though uncommon, dermoid or epidermoid cysts can present in the sublingual space at any age and are often misdiagnosed as an inflammatory pseudocyst (ranula) or lymphatic malformation. Imaging may not always identify t...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110265
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:studies of early vocabulary development after pediatric cochlear implantation show growth rates that approach normality. Do these growth rates continue to rise over time and, therefore, allow a 'catch up' with ideal scores for age, or do they decline after an initial peak. Could age at implantation be a decis...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-5876(01)00481-5
更新日期：2001-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Patient injuries in children can have lifelong effects on the patient and a marked impact on the whole family. The aim of this study was to identify the errors and incidents leading to patient injuries in pediatric otorhinolaryngology (ORL) by evaluating accepted patient injury claims. METHODS:The records o...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.02.007
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) represents an often fatal condition within the pediatric population. In an effort to characterize demographics, treatment modalities, and prognostic factors, we performed a systematic review. METHODS:We systematically reviewed EMBASE, Medline, TRIPdatabase, SCOPUS and the Coc...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.09.019
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The advent of chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) for evaluation of patients with multiple congenital anomalies has made it possible to define chromosomal imbalances with greater precision and resolutions significantly smaller than possible by standard G-banded chromosome analysis. We describe two patient...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.12.008
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The formation of tracheal 'granuloma' in the tracheostomized infant, as a cause of aphonia and an obstacle to decannulation has long been recognized. Endobronchial or transtomal removal has been recommended; however, a number of these lesions were resected in conjunction with complete tracheostomy revision and found t...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-5876(87)90008-5
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The authors describe 28 pediatric cases of foreign body inhalation requiring treatment in intensive care units between 1987 and 1999. The purpose of this study was: (1) to analyze the circumstances, diagnostic difficulties and initial treatment of serious foreign bodies and (2) to compare our series with oth...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2006.07.022
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Moebiüs sequence is a pathology not very well understood regarding to the hearing status. The main goal of this study was to describe the audiologic findings in children and adolescent who carry Moebiüs sequence. METHOD:Participated in this study 17 children and adolescent, with age ranging from 3 to 13 year...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2007.06.002
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Mutations in the GJB2 gene are a major cause of autosomal recessive non-syndromic HL (ARNSHL) in many populations. Previous studies have estimated the average frequency of GJB2 mutations to be between 16 and 18% in Iran, but would vary among different ethnic groups. Here, we have taken together and reviewed r...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.01.036
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Second branchial cleft cysts and sinuses rarely present diagnostic problems to the pediatric otolaryngologist as their course is usually predictable based on consistent embryologic development. However, we evaluated two fistula tracts that did not fit the classic description of second branchial tract fistulas. Upon ra...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0165-5876(98)00077-9
更新日期：1998-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine whether children with laryngeal penetration on videofluoroscopic swallowing study are at higher risk for pneumonia than those with normal findings. METHODS:We reviewed the charts of 235 pediatric patients presenting to our Swallowing and Dysphagia clinic for videofluoroscopic swallowing study o...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2015.08.016
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Different reasons for treatment failure or relapse of acute otitis media (AOM) have been suggested. In this study 38 children (8 treatment failures, 13 relapses of AOM within one month and 17 with a new AOM) were compared to 25 matching healthy children, regarding beta-lactamase producing bacteria and tolerance to pen...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-5876(91)90147-4
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most frequent diagnoses and reasons for prescribing antibiotics in children. The aims of this prospective study were the following: (1) to assess the continuing education of physicians and the sources of information about AOM; (2) to assess the current knowledge of and attitu...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.02.004
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The Red Cross Children's Hospital is the only children's hospital in South Africa. It has a dedicated trauma unit for all children under the age of 13 and serves a population of approximately 2 million inhabitants. As part of the Child Accident Prevention Foundation program we have kept a database of all c...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2003.08.021
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD) describes a group of inherited disorders that result in abnormal ciliary motion leading to mucous stasis. Clinical features include almost universally otitis media with effusion (OME), particularly in infants. PCD patients provide us with a cohort of patients with OME that ...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.12.015
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lymphangioma circumscriptum is an uncommon congenital skin disorder occurring commonly in limbs and genitals, and is extremely rare in tongue. Although complete surgical excision is the most widely used treatment, more conservative procedures such as sclerotherapy are being increasingly used for treatment of lymphangi...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.05.009
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two cases are presented by a rarely reported cause of a supraclavicular mass in the neck of young children. Benign lipoblastomatosis has usually been confused clinically with cystic hygroma. The literature is reviewed and the histological differential diagnosis discussed. ...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-5876(81)90033-1
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Chloral hydrate (CH) is an oral sedative widely used to sedate infants and young children during auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing. The aim of this study was to record effectiveness, complications and safety of CH as a sedative for ABR. METHODS:From January of 2003 until December of 2007, 1903 childr...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.02.010
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the intercarotid artery distance (ICD) in the pediatric population has not been sufficiently explored. This study aims to measure the minimal ICDs at multiple levels of the skull base to assess changes in the ICD during development. METHODS:Measurement of the ICDs bet...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110520
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is relatively rare and its physiopathology remains unclear, particularly in children. Our goal was to evaluate clinical characteristics, etiologies, management, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors in the pediatric population. METHODS:We performed a retrospecti...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110067
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Tonsillectomy remains one of the commonest operations performed in children. Post-operative diet may affect post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage rate, although post-operative dietary advice varies. We undertook a systematic review of the published literature to assess if and how different post-operative diets were...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.09.031
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:A controversy exists in the literature regarding better auditory performance of cochlear implanted children with mutations in the Gap-Junction-Protein Beta2 (GJB2) gene. This is partially due to insufficient numbers, lack of proper statistics, etc. As this represents a very important issue for the counsellin...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.04.002
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Options for imaging for evaluation of pediatric patients with unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (USNHL) include computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although both CT and MR imaging provide valuable information in the evaluation of pediatric patients with USNHL, debate remains ...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.09.003
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Cochlear implantation does wonders for children suffering from severe to profound hearing loss, especially when the child is less than 12 months of age. However, most studies indicate that detection and implantation are done well beyond that age, owing to poor socioeconomic status, parental education, and in...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110156
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to highlight the relationship between obstructive hydrocephalus, changes in intracranial pressure, and sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS:A case of a 10-month old infant with sensorineural hearing loss secondary to obstructive hydrocephalus is reported. A literature review, with...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.06.034
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The round window membrane (RWM) encloses the round window, the opening into the scala tympani (ST) from the middle ear. During the course of acute otitis media (AOM), structural changes of the RWM can occur that potentially affect sound transmission into and out of the cochlea. The relationship between such s...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.06.049
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Our objective was to determine if there are differences in caregiver perception of speech for patients that undergo frenulectomy compared to patients that were not surgically treated. INTRODUCTION:Ankyloglossia is a controversial topic without standardized treatment guidelines. Although there have been seve...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.01.019
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review presents our studies that investigated the effects of exposure to direct and indirect smoking on the colonization with pathogenic bacteria and organisms that interfere with their growth. The flora of smokers (S) contained less aerobic and anaerobic organisms with interfering capability and more potential p...
journal_title：International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.01.006
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
