Variations in ribosomal DNA and mitochondrial DNA among chromosomal species of subterranean mole rats.

abstract：:A cDNA that encodes the heart-type lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-B) from the teleost fish Fundulus heteroclitus was cloned and sequenced. The protein encoded by the cDNA was analyzed in relation to 13 LDH proteins from a variety of taxa. One of the deductions from this analysis is that LDH-B proteins have residues in the...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Crawford DL,Constantino HR,Powers DA

更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several recent analyses have used quartet-based methods to assess the congruence among phylogenies derived for large sets of genes from prokaryotic genomes. The principal conclusion from these studies is that lateral gene transfer (LGT) has blurred prokaryotic phylogenies to such a degree that the darwinian scheme of ...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Daubin V,Ochman H

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amastin is a transmembrane glycoprotein found on the cell surfaces of trypanosomatid parasites. Encoded by a large, diverse gene family, amastin was initially described from the intracellular, amastigote stage of Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania donovani. Genome sequences have subsequently shown that the amastin reper...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Jackson AP

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most phylogenetic models assume that the evolutionary process is stationary and reversible. In addition to being biologically improbable, these assumptions also impair inference by generating models under which the likelihood does not depend on the position of the root. Consequently, the root of the tree cannot be inf...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Cherlin S,Heaps SE,Nye TMW,Boys RJ,Williams TA,Embley TM

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolution at silent sites is often used to estimate the pace of selectively neutral processes or to infer differences in divergence times of genes. However, silent sites are subject to selection in favor of preferred codons, and the strength of such selection varies dramatically across genes. Here, we use the relation...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Hirsh AE,Fraser HB,Wall DP

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among mammals, several lineages have independently adapted to a subterranean niche and possess similar phenotypic traits for burrowing (e.g., cylindrical bodies, short limbs, and absent pinnae). Previous research on mole-rats has revealed molecular adaptations for coping with reduced oxygen, elevated carbon dioxide, a...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Davies KTJ,Bennett NC,Faulkes CG,Rossiter SJ

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes a lysozyme expressed at high levels in the stomach of the hoatzin, the only known foregut-fermenting bird. Evolutionary comparison places it among the calcium-binding lysozymes rather than among the conventional types. Conventional lysozymes were recruited as digestive enzymes twice in the evolut...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Kornegay JR,Schilling JW,Wilson AC

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At present there is tremendous interest in characterizing the magnitude and distribution of linkage disequilibrium (LD) throughout the human genome, which will provide the necessary foundation for genome-wide LD analyses and facilitate detailed evolutionary studies. To this end, a human high-density single-nucleotide ...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Akey JM,Zhang K,Xiong M,Jin L

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positive Darwinian selection promotes fixations of advantageous mutations during gene evolution and is probably responsible for most adaptations. Detecting positive selection at the DNA sequence level is of substantial interest because such information provides significant insights into possible functional alterations...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Zhang J

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the potential importance of gene duplication in D. melanogaster accessory gland protein (Acp) gene evolution we carried out a computational analysis comparing annotated D. melanogaster Acp genes to the entire D. melanogaster genome. We found that two known Acp genes are actually members of small multige...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Holloway AK,Begun DJ

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protamines are small, highly basic DNA-binding proteins found in the sperm of animals. Interestingly, the proportion of arginine residues in one type of protamine, protamine P1, is about 50% in mammals. Upon closer examination, it was found that both the total number of amino acids and the positions of arginine residu...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Rooney AP,Zhang J,Nei M

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular clocks are routinely tested for linearity using a relative rate test and routinely calibrated against the geological time scale using a single or average paleontologically determined time of divergence between living taxa. The relative rate test is a test of parallel rate equality, not a test of rate constan...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Gingerich PD

更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increased interest in asexual organisms calls for in-depth studies of asexual complexes that actively give rise to new clones. We present an extensive molecular study of the Otiorhynchus scaber (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) weevil system. Three forms have traditionally been recognized: diploid sexuals, triploid, and...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Stenberg P,Lundmark M,Knutelski S,Saura A

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological diversity in fungi is largely defined by metabolic traits, including the ability to produce secondary or "specialized" metabolites (SMs) that mediate interactions with other organisms. Fungal SM pathways are frequently encoded in biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), which facilitate the identification and cha...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Gluck-Thaler E,Haridas S,Binder M,Grigoriev IV,Crous PW,Spatafora JW,Bushley K,Slot JC

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hybridization in plants may result in hybrid speciation or introgression and, thus, is now widely understood to be an important mechanism of species diversity on an evolutionary timescale. Hybridization is particularly common in ferns, as is polyploidy, which often results from hybrid crosses. Nevertheless, hybrid spe...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Wang J,Dong S,Yang L,Harris A,Schneider H,Kang M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding genome and chromosome evolution is important for understanding genetic inheritance and evolution. Universal events comprising DNA replication, transcription, repair, mobile genetic element transposition, chromosome rearrangements, mitosis, and meiosis underlie inheritance and variation of living organism...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Li X,Zhu C,Lin Z,Wu Y,Zhang D,Bai G,Song W,Ma J,Muehlbauer GJ,Scanlon MJ,Zhang M,Yu J

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster, unlike mammals, has seven insulin-like peptides (DILPS). In Drosophila, all seven genes (dilp1-7) are single copy in the 12 species studied, except for D. grimshawi with two tandem copies of dilp2. Our comparative analysis revealed that genes dilp1-dilp7 exhibit differential functional constra...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Guirao-Rico S,Aguadé M

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-affinity antibodies arise within weeks of infection from the evolution of B-cell receptors under selection to improve antigen recognition. This rapid adaptation is enabled by the distribution of highly mutable "hotspot" motifs in B-cell receptor genes. High mutability in antigen-binding regions (complementarity d...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Vieira MC,Zinder D,Cobey S

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex metazoan bodies require cell-to-cell communication for development, a process often mediated by signaling molecules binding to specific receptors. Relatively few signaling pathways have been recruited during evolution to build multicellular animals from unicellular zygotes. Of these few signaling pathways, one...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Bertrand S,Iwema T,Escriva H

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared sex chromosomal and autosomal regions of similar GC contents and found that the human Y chromosome contains nine times as many full-length (FL) ancestral LINE-1 (L1) elements per megabase as do autosomes and that the X chromosome contains three times as many. In addition, both sex chromosomes contain a ca....

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Boissinot S,Entezam A,Furano AV

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Good phylogenetic trees are required to test hypotheses about evolutionary processes. We report four new avian mitochondrial genomes, which together with an improved method of phylogenetic analysis for vertebrate mt genomes give results for three questions in avian evolution. The new mt genomes are: magpie goose (Anse...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Harrison GL,McLenachan PA,Phillips MJ,Slack KE,Cooper A,Penny D

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Indirect tests have detected recombination in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from many animal lineages, including mammals. However, it is possible that features of the molecular evolutionary process without recombination could be incorrectly inferred by indirect tests as being due to recombination. We have identified one s...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Sun S,Evans BJ,Golding GB

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In primates, the craniofacial skeleton and the dentition are marked by high levels of interspecific variation. Despite this, there are few comparative species studies conducted at the molecular level to investigate this functional diversity. We have determined nucleotide sequences of MSX1 and PAX9, two developmental g...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Perry GH,Verrelli BC,Stone AC

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polygalacturonase inhibitor proteins (PGIPs) protect plants against invasion by diverse microbial and invertebrate enemies that use polygalacturonase (PG) to breach the plant cell wall. Directed mutagenesis has identified specific natural mutations conferring novel defensive capability in green bean PGIP against a spe...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Bishop JG

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromosome size and morphology vary within and among species, but little is known about the proximate or ultimate causes of these differences. Cichlid fish species in the tribe Oreochromini share an unusual giant chromosome that is ∼3 times longer than the other chromosomes. This giant chromosome functions as a sex ch...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Conte MA,Clark FE,Roberts RB,Xu L,Tao W,Zhou Q,Wang D,Kocher TD

更新日期：2020-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The shikimate dehydrogenases (SDH) represent a widely distributed enzyme family with an essential role in secondary metabolism. This superfamily had been previously subdivided into 4 enzyme groups (AroE, YdiB, SdhL, and RifI), which show clear biochemical and functional differences ranging from amino acid biosynthesis...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Singh S,Stavrinides J,Christendat D,Guttman DS

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus MED4 has the smallest sequenced genome of any photosynthetic organism. Prochlorococcus MED4 shares many genomic characteristics with chloroplasts and bacterial endosymbionts, including a reduced coding capacity, missing DNA repair genes, a minimal transcriptional regulatory ne...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Hu J,Blanchard JL

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deletion rates are thought to be important factors in determining the genome size of organisms in nature. Although it is indisputable that deletions, and thus deletion rates, affect genome size, it is unclear how, or indeed if, genome size is regulated via the deletion rate. Here, we employ a mathematical model to det...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Pettersson ME,Kurland CG,Berg OG

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The organization of the mitochondrial genome is generally very conserved among vertebrates. Because of this, examination of the rare rearrangements which do occur has been suggested as offering a powerful alternative to phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Here, we report on an avian mitochondrial rea...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Bensch S,Härlid A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) pathways for detection and degradation of transcripts containing premature termination (stop) codons (PTCs) are ubiquitous among the eukaryotes. NMD uses the presence of a second signal downstream of a termination codon to distinguish a PTC from a true stop codon. In mammals and perhaps o...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Scofield DG,Hong X,Lynch M

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00