Frequency of 'warning signs of cancer' in Norwegian general practice, with prospective recording of subsequent cancer.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Early diagnosis of cancer is an important challenge in general practice. Symptoms are the most common starting points. OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between symptoms presented and subsequent cancer. DESIGN:A cohort study of all patients seen consecutively by GPs. Prospective recording of cancer diagnosis, new cancer or new recurrence. SETTING:Two hundred and eighty-three general practice surgeries and 10 working days. METHOD:During patient consultations, GPs registered seven focal symptoms and three general symptoms, commonly considered as warning signs of cancer (WSC). Follow-up 6-11 months later with registration of any subsequent diagnosis of cancer was done. RESULTS:Of 51 073 patients, 6321 (12.4%) had recordings of 7704 WSC. During a median follow-up period of 8 months, 263 patients were diagnosed with cancer and 59 of them with recurrence of a previously diagnosed cancer. Of the cancer patients, 106 (40%) had presented one or more WSC during a preceding consultation. Examined symptoms had likelihood ratios for cancer from 1.5 to 8.2 and positive predictive values (PPVs) from 0.8% to 3.8%. Limited to older age groups, PPVs were a little higher. General symptoms were rarely associated with cancer unless a focal symptom had been recorded as well. Multiple symptoms increased the probability of cancer. CONCLUSION:12.4% of GP patients presented with WSC. A general symptom may have cancer diagnostic value, but usually, only when it occurs along with a focal symptom. PPV of any single symptom is low, and decisions about referral require additional information.

journal_name

Fam Pract

journal_title

Family practice

authors

Ingebrigtsen SG,Scheel BI,Hart B,Thorsen T,Holtedahl K

doi

10.1093/fampra/cms065

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-04-01 00:00:00

pages

153-60

issue

2

eissn

0263-2136

issn

1460-2229

pii

cms065

journal_volume

30

pub_type

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