Abstract:
:Aspirin is an antiplatelet drug, inhibiting the cyclooxygenase activity of platelet prostaglandin H synthase-1 and almost complete suppressing platelet capacity to generate the prothrombotic and proatherogenic thromboxane A2. Antiplatelet therapy with aspirin reduces the risk of serious vascular events by about a quarter in patients who are at high risk because they already have occlusive vascular disease. However, the inhibition of thromboxane-dependent platelet function by aspirin is effective for the prevention of thrombosis, but is also associated with excess bleeding, although the absolute increase in major gastrointestinal or other major extracranial bleeds is an order of magnitude smaller. For secondary prevention of vascular events, the benefits of aspirin therapy substantially exceed the risks. Therefore, aspirin is a cornerstone of antithrombotic therapy in acute coronary syndromes, in chronic ischemic heart disease and in percutaneous coronary intervention. On the other hand, the role of aspirin in primary prevention remains uncertain and it is still debated, because the absolute risk of vascular complications is the major determinant of the absolute benefit of antiplatelet prophylaxis and the reduction in vascular events needs to be weighed against any increase in major bleeds. Future data from ongoing studies will help us to identify people at high vascular risk who take advantage from aspirin therapy for primary prevention or will indicate if specific category of high risk patients, like patients with diabetes, could be better protected from an increase in the frequency of aspirin administration.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
De Caterina R,Renda Gdoi
10.2174/138161212803251943subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-01-01 00:00:00pages
5215-23issue
33eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-20120619-3journal_volume
18pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Although medications should only be prescribed in pregnancy if benefits to the mother outweigh the risk to the fetus, drug use in pregnancy especially prescribed and over-the-counter analgesics, is very common. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this review is to present an update on known changes in analgesic disp...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170825123754
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis (HSP) or Strumpell-Lorrain disease is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease of the spinal cord. It is genetically transmitted and characterized by a progressive muscle weakness, spasticity of the lower limbs and awkward gain. There is no specific pharmacological treatment. The ph...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1381612822666151204001830
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative stress is often considered as a causative factor in carcinogenesis. In addition, current knowledge recognizes oxidative stress as a mechanism by which various cancer therapies act against cancer. To ameliorate the side effects of cancer therapy, many of the patients suffering from cancer are subject to adjuv...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140826152822
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The global burden of gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal, stomach, and esophageal cancers is rising steadily. Several therapeutic approaches have been considered for the treatment of GI carcinomas. However, none showed to halt or cure the disease. There is a need to develop effective targeted mole...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612823666170124115159
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transient left ventricular dysfunction in patients under emotional stress, also known as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, has been recognized as a distinct clinical entity. Recent studies have supported the concept notion that the cardiovascular system is regulated by cortical modulation. A network consisting of the insular ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666161006123530
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unhealthy diet and alcohol are serious health problems, especially in adolescents and young adults. "Binge" is defined as the excessive and uncontrolled consumption of food (binge eating) and alcohol (binge drinking). Both behaviors are frequent among young people and have a highly negative impact on health and qualit...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612826666200316153317
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In drug development, in vitro human model systems are absolutely essential prior to the clinical trials, considering the increasing number of chemical compounds in need of testing, and, keeping in mind that animals cannot predict all the adverse human health effects and reactions, due to the species-specific differenc...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666161025155616
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) catalyzes the degradation of heme to generate carbon monoxide, biliverdin and free iron. Increased HO-1 levels constitute an anatomopathological feature of many neurological diseases, such as neurodegenerative disorders and brain infections, which correlate with exacerbated oxidative stress and...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208783597407
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Polyphenols are bioactive compounds that can be found mostly in foods like fruits, cereals, vegetables, dry legumes, chocolate and beverages such as coffee, tea and wine. They are extensively used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) providing protection against many chronic illnes...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612824666180130112652
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among elderly. Currently, no effective treatment is available for AD. Analysis of transgenic mouse models of AD has facilitated our understanding of disease mechanisms and provided valuable tools for evaluating potential therapeutic strategies. In this review, we...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212799315786
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary surfactant, a complex of lipids and proteins, functions to keep alveoli from collapsing at expiration. Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) belong to the collectin family and play pivotal roles in the innate immunity of the lung. Pulmonary collectins directly bind with broad specificities to a variety o...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206775474387
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon through which tumor cells develop resistance against the cytotoxic effects of various structurally and mechanistically unrelated chemotherapeutic agents. The most consistent feature in MDR is overexpression and/or overactivity of ATP-dependent drug efflux transporters. Other ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666151124234417
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stimulation of β-adrenergic receptors in the heart is the most effective endogenous way to increase the mechanical performance of cardiac tissues to meet the requirements of a fight-or-flight situation or stress. On the other hand, sustained activation of cardiac β-receptors initiates maladaptive remodeling of the myo...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666141029111240
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular uptake of therapeutic oligonucleotides and subsequent intracellular trafficking to their target sites represents the major technical hurdle for the biological effectiveness of these potential drugs. Accordingly, laboratories worldwide focus on the development of suitable delivery systems. Among the different ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161208786898806
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The last decades have witnessed an explosion in studies of the role of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the progress of the neurodegenerative disorder Alzheimer's disease (AD) and it is now widely accepted that Aβ is related to the pathogenesis of AD. For example, studies have shown that Aβ is neurotoxic and that the neurotoxicity o...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211797416039
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), the most severe manifestation of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is considered the leading non-hereditary cause of mental retardation and neurological deficit in the Western world. There lie a huge associated human cost to both FASD victims and their families and a considerable fin...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140205144114
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spice and spice-derived compounds have been identified and explored for their health benefits since centuries. One of the spice long pepper has been traditionally used to treat chronic bronchitis, asthma, constipation, gonorrhea, paralysis of the tongue, diarrhea, cholera, malaria, viral hepatitis, respirato...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160601103027
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Guidelines for the treatment of hypertension allow a wide range of choices to the physicians; however some differences are present about the preferred drugs to start treatment. The most important aim remains an adequate decrease of blood pressure, something not perfectly obtained in the general population, but some cl...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161212799436575
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) despite the advances in medical management keeps on as the primary cause of morbidity and mortality for both genders in Western societies. Sex differences though modify the clinical picture as well as the effectiveness of treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS:In this literature review ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160606202111
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of mitochondrial dysfunction on pathological states involving inflammatory and/or oxidative stress in tissues that do not show frank cellular apoptosis or necrosis has been rather difficult to unravel, and the literature is replete with contradictory information. Although such discrepancies have many pot...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612820666140306095717
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic smoking is associated with functional and structural vascular changes underlying inflammatory processes responsible for plaque formation and rupture. Cyclooxygenase (COX) is the key enzyme linking smoking action to inflammatory damages: it is responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids, a...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161210792062902
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA methylation, a major regulator of epigenetic modifications has been shown to alter the expression of genes that are involved in aspects of glucose metabolism such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and other conditions, and it ultimately leads to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mell...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160527111152
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large body of evidence has accumulated indicating involvement of oxidative stress (OS) in the mode of action of various bioactive substances, including those of the immune system. The data for anticancer drugs (main and miscellaneous) are summarized herein. Although diverse origins pertain, reactive oxygen species (...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612003401046
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formation of liposomes, nanoparticle micelles, and related systems by mixtures of drugs and/or surfactants is of major relevance for the design of drug delivery systems. We can design new systems using different compounds. Traditionally these systems are created by trial and error using experimental data. However,...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612822666160513150054
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation is a complex pathological condition associated with exaggerated human immune system involving various activated immune cells and bio-molecules. Treatment of inflammatory diseases particularly chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease etc. has been a big challen...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206777698945
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lowering low density lipoprotein (LDL) - cholesterol is one of the key issues in modern preventive cardiology by which we are able to interact with the natural course of atherosclerosis. Diet and healthy life style are mandatory for the treatment of CAD high risk patients. Numerous lipid lowering trials confirmed the ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161211795428849
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have emerged as critical players in immunity. They are capable of sensing organisms ranging from protozoa to bacteria, fungi or viruses upon detection of the pathogen as well as recognizing endogenous ligands, and triggering transduction pathways. Following activation of the innate immune sy...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161206778743493
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews evidence that hyperpolarization-activated, cation nonselective (HCN) channels, the molecular basis of the Ih current, potentially represent valid targets for novel analgesic agents. Ih is a prominent current in many peripheral sensory nerves, with highest current density typically found in large d...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161209788489122
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid advancement of computer architectures and development of mathematical algorithms offer a unique opportunity to leverage the simulation of macromolecular systems at physiologically relevant timescales. Herein, we discuss the impact of diverse structure-based and ligand-based molecular modeling techniques in d...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1381612825666190304123545
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The final aim/target of Pharmaceutical Sciences is to design successful dosage forms for effective therapy, considering individual patient needs and compliance. Development of new drug entities, particularly using peptides and proteins, is growing in importance and attracting increased interest, as they are specifical...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138161207779313795
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00