Abstract：
:The purpose of this study was to establish if provision of CHO altered the mucosal immune and salivary cortisol responses to intermittent exercise in the heat. In a double-blind design, 10 males undertook soccer-specific intermittent exercise on a motorized treadmill on 2 occasions, each over 90 min and separated by 1 week. During CHO and placebo trials, subjects were given either a carbohydrate solution (3 ml · kg (-1) body weight) or placebo drink, 5 min before the commencement of exercise, at 15, 30 min, at half time, 60 and 75 min into exercise. Salivary flow rate increased throughout the placebo trial and decreased throughout the CHO treatment; the difference between conditions neared statistical significance (P=0.055). Neither s-IgA concentration nor s-IgA to osmolality ratio was affected by 2 conditions or differed at any time-point post-exercise (P>0.05). The s-IgA secretion rate increased, s-IgA to protein ratio decreased post-exercise and salivary cortisol decreased 24 h post-exercise (P<0.05) compared to pre-exercise. Carbohydrate supplementation whilst exercising in the heat, does not influence rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, salivary flow rate, s-IgA concentration, s-IgA secretion rate, s-IgA to osmolality ratio or s-IgA to protein ratio and salivary cortisol but heart rate was increased.
journal_name
Int J Sports Medjournal_title
International journal of sports medicineauthors
Sari-Sarraf V,Doran DA,Clarke ND,Atkinson G,Reilly Tdoi
10.1055/s-0031-1271698subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
659-65issue
9eissn
0172-4622issn
1439-3964journal_volume
32pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:We hypothesized that a bout of high or low volume eccentric exercise would protect against muscle damage following a subsequent high volume bout and that adaptation would be attributable to neural changes, independent of the initial exercise volume. Sixteen males performed either 45 (ECC45) or 10 (ECC10) maximal eccen...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-964866
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aerobic exercise performance decreases upon ascent to altitude whereas anaerobic performance remains unchanged. Although the effects of 1 - 3 wk of altitude acclimatization on both aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance have been well studied, the effects of short-term altitude acclimatization (i.e., 45 h) on thes...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-872823
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Food restriction has a great impact on skeletal muscle mass by inducing muscle protein breakdown to provide substrates for energy production through gluconeogenesis. Genetic models of hyper-muscularity interfere with the normal balance between protein synthesis and breakdown which eventually results in extreme muscle ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0032-1312605
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ventilatory (anaerobic) threshold during short-term exercise has been defined as the O2 uptake (VO2) immediately below the VO2 at which pulmonary ventilation (VE) increases disproportionally relative to VO2 and the ventilatory threshold for long-term exercise as the VO2 immediately below the VO2 at which the VE co...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025730
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to investigate the neuronal control and biomechanical effects of stumbling reactions. To induce these perturbations, a specially prepared treadmill was used which allowed rapid and powerful changes of treadmill speed. EMG recordings of leg muscles were related to cinematic movement patte...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025785
更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to compare acute mechanical and metabolic effects of 2 sessions of resistance training equated by volume and total resting time but with different set configuration: sets to failure (FS) vs. distribution of rest between each repetition (NFS). 10 male judoists completed a session consistin...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0031-1299699
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aortic elastic properties are important determinants of left ventricular function. The aim of this study was to determine left ventricular diastolic function and aortic distensibility in endurance athletes. Thirty male runners and thirty age-matched healthy male controls took part in the study. All subjects underwent ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-820956
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The determination of anaerobic capacity (AC) using treadmill ergometry is problematic from a methodological, as well as a technical standpoint. In this study, a procedure from Monod and Scherrer was modified to examine whether realistic magnitudes of AC could be determined using three subject groups with different lev...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2004-821228
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aims of this pilot study were to investigate how a novel sagittal plane kinematic measurement - the lower extremity contact angle (LECA) - relates to the landing dynamics of elite male volleyball athletes with and without patellar tendinopathy. The LECA was defined as the angle between the ground and the line conn...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1395586
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 1982 Aberdeen marathon race was held on a cool (12 degrees C) day on a flat, fast course. Fifty-nine of the 750 runners volunteered to take part in this study: rectal temperature of these competitors was measured within 5 min of completing the race. Venous blood samples were obtained before and immediately after t...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025806
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the adaptations of the autonomic nervous system in the control of heart rate and blood pressure induced by endurance training, 10 competitive cyclists aged 27 +/- 7 years and 10 age-, weight- and height-matched sedentary controls were subjected to Power Spectral Analysis of the RR interval and of blood pr...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972828
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first aim of this study was to verify the occurrence of the EMG threshold (EMG (Th)) in each of eight lower limb muscles (vastus lateralis [VL], vatus medialis [VM], rectus femoris [RF], semimembranosus [SM], biceps femoris [BF], gastrocnemius lateralis [GL] and medialis [GM], and tibialis anterior [TA]) during in...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2005-865787
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since doping improves athletic performance, anti-doping policies should have the opposite effect. This analysis examined whether changes in the speed of major cycling races reflect recent anti-doping efforts. Average speeds of 5 (th) place finishers of the Tour de France, Giro d'Italia, and Vuelta a España cycling rac...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0030-1247593
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The accumulated O2 deficit (the difference between the estimated energy demand and the actual O2 uptake) was determined during intense exhaustive exercise (2-7 min) in elite athletes, and its relationship with muscle buffer capacity, muscle enzymes and muscle morphology was examined. Five oarsmen, fifteen soccer playe...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021165
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether a post-exercise cryotherapy protocol could facilitate recovery of elbow flexor strength and reduce the severity of delayed onset muscle soreness following eccentric exercise. Eight resistance-trained males (23 +/- 3 yr) performed 64 eccentric elbow flexions with each ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-972686
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of recovery duration on performance and fatigue pattern during short exercises was studied including and excluding the flywheel inertia. Subjects (11 males and 11 females) performed a force-velocity test to determine their optimal force (f (opt)). On the following day, subjects performed randomly 4 series o...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2003-45262
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the effects of aerobic fitness on pregnancy and the newborn, 20 primigravid subjects were studied throughout gestation and immediately postpartum. The subjects were classified as trained (T = 10) or untrained (UT = 10) based on the heart rate response to submaximal cycle ergometry testing done in each tri...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025645
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Barefoot and minimal footwear running has led to greater interest in the biomechanical effects of different types of footwear. The effect of running footwear on dynamic stability is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to compare dynamic stability and impact loading across 3 footwear conditions; barefoot...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0043-103090
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48, > 200 g) were progressively treadmill trained over 5 wk where they were running 60 min/d, 5 d/wk. One-half of the group consumed a high-fat diet (HF, 78.7% of energy), while one-half consumed a high-carbohydrate diet (HC, 68.7% of energy). On the day of the experiment, 6 rats per diet...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-971939
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to assess the effects of Ramadan-intermittent-fasting (RIF) and time-of-day on muscle power and fatigue during the Wingate test. In a randomized design, 10 football players completed a Wingate test at 07:00 and 17:00 h on 3 different occasions: one week before Ramadan (BR), the second week of R...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-0031-1286251
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated how inspiratory muscle training impacted respiratory and locomotor muscle deoxygenation during submaximal exercise with resistive inspiratory loading. 16 male cyclists completed 6 weeks of either true (n=8) or sham (n=8) inspiratory muscle training. Pre- and post-training, subjects completed 3, 6-min e...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0042-104198
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single outcomes of standard isokinetic dynamometry tests do not discern between various muscle mechanical capacities. In this study, we aimed to (1) evaluate the shape and strength of the force-velocity relationship of knee extensors, as observed in isokinetic tests conducted at a wide range of angular velocities, and...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0043-113043
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between the years 1977 and 1984, four javelin throwers with a stress fracture of the olecranon were seen and treated. In one patient, acute painful dislocation of the fracture occurred during a competitive throw. Two patients had stress fracture of the tip. The fracture treated conservatively healed in 18 months. The ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2008-1025760
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This investigation evaluated the effects of beverage carbonation and carbohydrate (CHO) content on fluid replacement following exercise/thermal dehydration. On four occasions separated by at least 7 days, eight healthy men cycled at 50% of VO2max in a hot environmental chamber (40 degrees C, 40% relative humidity) unt...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021268
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the influence of acute resistive exercise and "hormone status" on cytokine profile, 35 postmenopausal women (72 +/- 6.2 yr) underwent a moderate-high-intensity resistive exercise bout or rested. There were 4 groups: no hormone replacement (NHR, n = 9), hormone replacement (HRT, n = 12), selective estrogen r...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-965115
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the relationship between the onset of an increase in dyspnea and ventilatory threshold (VT) in children with congenital heart impairment, sixteen young subjects underwent a cardiopulmonary exercise test with dyspnea perception and ventilatory gas exchange assessments. Dyspnea score was measured from a visual ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2006-924396
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in body components occur over a season, but their impact on performance is still unclear. We aimed to analyze the relationship between changes in leg strength and jump performance with body composition over a season in highly trained athletes. Measures from the beginning to the main competitive periods of a se...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-0034-1371839
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1988 Segura and Ventura (14) reported that 1.2 g of L-Tryptophan (L-TRY) supplementation increased total exercise time by 49.4% when the subjects were running at 80% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). In human performance research, acute improvements of that category are rather uncommon. Both for this reason and be...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1021302
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study compared physiological responses associated with exercise tolerance in girls (G) and women (W) of similar fitness and heat acclimatization level during exercise in a hot and humid outdoor environment (33.4 degrees C and 55.1 % RH; WBGT = 29.9 +/- 0.2 degrees C). Nine pre-menarcheal G (age = 11.3 yr) and nin...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2006-923863
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation was to determine the oxygen consumption, heart rate and plasma lactate responses at the fatigue threshold (FT) and estimate the length of time the FT could be maintained. Ten adult males (mean age +/- SD = 21.1 +/- 1.3 yrs) volunteered to perform a maximal treadmill test and FT test. ...
journal_title：International journal of sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1055/s-2007-1024686
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
