Abstract：
CONTEXT:To date, research regarding the influence of conflicts of interest on the presentation of findings by researchers has been limited. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the sources of funding for published manuscripts, and association between reported findings and conflicts of interest. METHODS:Data from both print and electronic issues of The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and The Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) were analyzed for sources of funding, areas of investigation, conflict of interest (COI), and presentation of results. We reviewed all original manuscripts published during the year 2001 within NEJM (N = 193) and JAMA (N = 205). We use 3 definitions for COI in this paper: a broadly defined criterion, the criterion used by The International Council of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), and a criterion defined by the authors. RESULTS:Depending on the COI criteria used, 16.6% to 32.6% of manuscripts had 1 or more author with COI. Based on ICMJE criterion, 38.7% of studies investigating drug treatments had authors with COI. We observed a strong association between those studies whose authors had COI and reported positive findings (P <.001). When controlling for sample size, study design, and country of primary authors, we observed a strong association between positive results and COI (ICMJE definition) among all treatment studies (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 5.09) and drug studies alone (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.09 to 6.39). CONCLUSION:COI is widespread among the authors of published manuscripts and these authors are more likely to present positive findings.
journal_name
J Gen Intern Medjournal_title
Journal of general internal medicineauthors
Friedman LS,Richter EDdoi
10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.30617.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-01-01 00:00:00pages
51-6issue
1eissn
0884-8734issn
1525-1497pii
30617journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:In 2005 the Spoken Knowledge in Low Literacy in Diabetes scale (SKILLD) was introduced as a diabetes knowledge test. The SKILLD has not been validated since its introduction. OBJECTIVE:To perform a validation analysis on the SKILLD. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS:Cross-sectional observational study of 240 patient...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-011-1900-9
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Genotype-guided initial warfarin dosing may reduce over-anticoagulation and serious bleeding compared to a one-dose-fits-all dosing method. OBJECTIVE:The objective of this review was to investigate the safety and efficacy of genotype-guided dosing of warfarin in reducing the occurrence of serious bleeding e...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11606-009-0949-1
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Residents have a major role in teaching students, yet little has been written about the effects of resident work hour restrictions on medical student education. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to determine the effects of resident work hour restrictions on medical student education. DESIGN:We compared student r...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-007-0196-2
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Whether patients' reports of gaps in care coordination reflect clinically significant problems is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To determine any association between patient-reported gaps in care coordination and patient-reported preventable adverse outcomes. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS:We administered a cross-sectional s...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06047-y
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The permanent supported housing model is known to improve housing outcomes, but there has been sparse research on the effects of supported housing on physical health. Various organizations including the National Academy of Sciences have called for research in this area. OBJECTIVE:This observational multi-si...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05070-y
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe a novel method of time analysis for health care settings by quantifying internal medicine housestaff's work activities and contacts. DESIGN:Observational work sampling study based on random sampling technique. SETTING:General medicine service in a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS:All housestaf...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02599655
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sexual dysfunction is an important issue that affects many cancer survivors who are increasingly being cared for by internists. OBJECTIVE:To examine the attitudes and reported practices of internists regarding survivorship care as it pertains to sexual dysfunction. DESIGN:Surveys were sent to 406 physician...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-009-1026-5
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patient-centered care--including the domains of access and communication--is an important determinant of positive clinical outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To explore associations between race and HIV-infected patients' experiences of access and communication. DESIGN:This was a cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS:Nin...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-008-0788-5
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fourth-year medicine clerkship was restructured at one of four sites. Teams consisting of one attending physician and three students cared for eight new patients per week. The overall experience of the restructured clerkship was rated significantly more positively than the experiences at all other sites and the te...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02600292
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Conflicting data exists regarding the effect of continuity on diabetes care. Resident physicians frequently treat patients with diabetes in their continuity clinics; however, maintaining continuity in a resident clinic can be very challenging. OBJECTIVE:To determine if resident continuity is associated with...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-008-0654-5
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Marijuana is currently legal for recreational use in 10 states and Washington DC while a total of 34 states have implemented varying degrees of medical marijuana. The commercialization of marijuana has been accompanied by a proliferation of false claims regarding the therapeutic potential of marijuana, which...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05335-6
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Teamwork is important for improving care across transitions between providers and for increasing patient safety. OBJECTIVE:This review's objective was to assess the characteristics and efficacy of published curricula designed to teach teamwork to medical students and house staff. DESIGN:The authors searche...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11606-008-0600-6
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In primary prevention of atherosclerotic disease, it is difficult to decide when medical treatment should be initiated. The main goal of the study was to compare different guidelines for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk assessment and initiation of lipid-lowering therapy. DESIGN:Cross-sectional evaluation. ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.2003.20207.x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Residents demonstrate scholarly activity by presenting posters at academic meetings. Although recommendations from national organizations are available, evidence identifying which components are most important is not. OBJECTIVE:To develop and test an evaluation tool to measure the quality of case report pos...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-008-0860-1
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although criteria are available to guide the selection of general internal medicine (GIM) fellowship programs, the factors actually used in this process are unclear. Using a survey of current GIM fellows, we determined that most received information from their residency advisors, and many viewed them as the most impor...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.2000.06389.x
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Writing a meaningful and valuable letter of reference is not an easy task. Several factors influence the quality of any letter of reference. First, the accuracy and reliability of the writer's impressions and judgment depend on how well he knows the individual being described. Second, the writer's frame of reference, ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.30142.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To review the current information on medical complications, psychological implications, and legislative issues related to body piercing, a largely unregulated industry in the United States. METHODS:We conducted a MEDLINE search of English language articles from 1966 until May 1998 using the search terms "bod...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00357.x
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess a new technique for the detection of free pleural fluid. DESIGN:118 consecutive inpatients with radiologic evidence of free pleural fluid and a control group of 175 randomly selected inpatients were examined over a three-year period in a prospective blind study by auscultatory percussion (AP) for e...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF02600204
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Middle-aged men are at high risk of suicide. While about half of those who kill themselves visit a primary care clinician (PCC) shortly before death, in current practice, few spontaneously disclose their thoughts of suicide during the visits, and PCCs seldom inquire about such thoughts. In a randomized controll...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-05769-3
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the benefit of population-level public facial masking to protect others during the COVID-19 pandemic has received a great deal of attention, we discuss for one of the first times the hypothesis that universal masking reduces the "inoculum" or dose of the virus for the mask-wearer, leading to more mild and asy...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06067-8
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are no life-tables quantifying the average life-spans of post-hospitalized heart failure populations across various strata of risk. OBJECTIVE:To quantify the life-expectancies (i.e., average life-spans) of heart failure patients at the time of hospital discharge according to age, gender, predictive 30...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s11606-012-2072-y
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnancy and its impact on graduate medical training are not well understood. OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of gender and pregnancy for Internal Medicine (IM) residents on evaluations by peers and faculty. DESIGN:This was a retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS:All IM residents in training from July 1, ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-017-4010-5
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Data on patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who return to hospital after discharge are scarce. Characterization of these patients may inform post-hospitalization care. OBJECTIVE:To describe clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 who returned to the emergency department (ED) or requ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s11606-020-06120-6
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although patients are commonly using the Internet to find healthcare information, the amount of personal and professional physician information and patient-generated ratings freely accessible online is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To characterize the nature of online professional and personal information available to...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-010-1425-7
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients are often treated in hospital by physicians other than their regular community doctor. After they are discharged, their care is often returned to their regular community doctor and patients may not see the hospital physician. Transfer of information between physicians can be poor. We determined whet...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2004.30082.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors between immigrants and nonimmigrants have been examined previously, the effect of acculturation on CVD risk factors in immigrants has been less well studied. OBJECTIVE:To determine the association between length of U.S. residence (proxy for a...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-007-0163-y
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topic development and structuring a systematic review of diagnostic tests are complementary processes. The goals of a medical test review are to identify and synthesize evidence to evaluate the impacts alternative testing strategies on health outcomes and to promote informed decision making. A common challenge is that...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-012-2007-7
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fluid resuscitation is a widely used intervention that is mandated in the management of sepsis. While its use can be life-saving, its overuse is associated with harm. Despite this, the best means of assessing a need for fluid resuscitation in an acute medical setting is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To assess studies ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11606-019-05073-9
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:African-American and low-income women have lower rates of cancer screening and higher rates of late-stage disease than do their counterparts. OBJECTIVE:To examine the effects of primary care, health insurance, and HMO participation on adherence to regular breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. ...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1525-1497.2002.10431.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Depression is common among older patients yet is often inadequately treated. Patient beliefs about antidepressants are known to affect treatment initiation and adherence, but are often not expressed in clinical settings. OBJECTIVE:To explore attitudes toward antidepressants in a sample of depressed, communi...
journal_title：Journal of general internal medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.00296.x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
