Abstract：
:Clematis stans is dioecious semi-arboreal, with pale purple-blue, nodding, tubulous flowers in a paniculate inflorescence. Both male and female flowers produce nectar from the base of the calyx tube during a flowering period of 3 or 4 days, and are pollinated by two bumblebee species, Bombus diversus and B. honshuensis,with different proboscis lengths. When the flowers open, four sepals constructing a calyx tube separate at the top and their respective tips gradually curl up, so that a tubular part shortens. Observations at two field sites showed that B. diversus (with a longer proboscis) most often visits the flowers with a longer calyx tube, and B. honshuensis (with a shorter proboscis) the flowers with a shorter calyx tube, i.e., later in the flowering period. By changing the calyx tube length, the flowers of C. stans accept the two bumblebee species with different proboscis length as pollinators and thus increase the chance of pollination for each flower. It was also found that the two bumblebee species prefer the male flowers to the female flowers, although the female flowers secrete more nectar as a reward than male flowers. This is likely because they visit the male flowers to collect pollen grains in addition to nectar.
journal_name
J Plant Resjournal_title
Journal of plant researchauthors
Dohzono I,Suzuki Kdoi
10.1007/s10265-002-0046-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-10-01 00:00:00pages
355-9issue
5eissn
0918-9440issn
1618-0860journal_volume
115pub_type
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