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Let them sleep: The effects of a scheduled nap during the night shift on sleepiness and cognition in hospital nurses.

Abstract：

AIMS:The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a scheduled 30-min nap and its interaction with individual factors on sleepiness and cognition during an 8-hr night shift. DESIGN:This prospective, within-subjects study conducted between 2011-2014 compared sleepiness and cognition with/without a nap during the night shift, in 109 female nurses, tested on two nights with and two nights without a nap in counterbalanced order. METHODS:Nurses completed the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire for Shiftwork, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale at study onset. They reported sleepiness hourly and performed the Digit Symbol Substitution and the Letter Cancellation Tasks at 3:00 and 7:00 a.m. They took a nap at 4:00 a.m. on nap nights and worked as usual on no-nap nights. Sleep-wake patterns were monitored using actigraphs 24 hr before and during the shift. Caffeine consumption, workload and adverse events were reported. To assess the effectiveness of a scheduled nap, mixed-models and repeated measures analyses of variance were used. RESULTS:Lower levels of sleepiness were found at 5:00, 6:00 and 7:00 a.m. on nap versus no-nap nights. Increments in performance between 3:00-7:00 a.m. were significantly greater on nap versus no-nap nights for Digit Symbol Substitution Task correct responses and Letter Cancellation Task capacity. No interactions between the nap and any of the individual factors emerged. CONCLUSION:A scheduled nap provides an effective countermeasure against the negative consequences of night-time shift work in female nurses above and beyond interpersonal differences. IMPACT:Changes in attitude and policy are required to implement this beneficial and cost-effective strategy. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER:ACTRN12618001857291. :目的: 本研究的目的是探讨在八个小时的夜班中,定时三十分钟小睡的有效性及其与个体因素对困倦程度和认知力的影响。设计: 这项在2011至2014年进行的具有前瞻性的受试者范围内的研究,比较了109名女护士在夜班期间小憩和不小憩的困倦程度和认知力,测试了两晚上小憩和不小憩的平衡秩序。方法: 护士们在研究开始时完成了慕尼黑轮班制计时问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数与睡前觉醒量表。她们每个小时报告睡意,并在凌晨3:00和7:00执行数字符号替换和字母取消任务。在有小憩的夜晚,她们凌晨4:00小睡,在没有小憩的夜晚,她们照常工作。在换班前二十四小时和换班期间使用活动图来监测睡眠-觉醒模式。报告了咖啡因摄入量、工作量和不良反应。为了评估定时小憩的有效性,采用了混合模型和重复测量方差分析法。结果: 与不小憩的夜晚相比,在小憩的夜晚,护士们凌晨5:00,6:00和7:00的睡意最少。小憩和不小憩的夜晚相比,数字符号替换任务的正确响应和字母取消任务量在凌晨3:00至7:00之间的增量明显变多。小憩和其他任何个别因素之间没有相互作用。结论: 定时小憩为女性护士在人际差异之外的夜班工作带来的负面影响提供了有效的对策。影响: 需要改变态度和政策,以实施这一有益的和具有成本效益的战略。试验注册号: ACTRN12618001857291.

journal_name

J Adv Nurs

journal_title

Journal of advanced nursing

authors

Zion N,Shochat T

doi

10.1111/jan.14031

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-11-01 00:00:00

pages

2603-2615

issue

eissn

0309-2402

issn

1365-2648

journal_volume

pub_type

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Let them sleep: The effects of a scheduled nap during the night shift on sleepiness and cognition in hospital nurses.