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Phenological shifts in North American red squirrels: disentangling the roles of phenotypic plasticity and microevolution.

Abstract：

:Phenological shifts are the most widely reported ecological responses to climate change, but the requirements to distinguish their causes (i.e. phenotypic plasticity vs. microevolution) are rarely met. To do so, we analysed almost two decades of parturition data from a wild population of North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Although an observed advance in parturition date during the first decade provided putative support for climate change-driven microevolution, a closer look revealed a more complex pattern. Parturition date was heritable [h2  = 0.14 (0.07-0.21 (HPD interval)] and under phenotypic selection [β = -0.14 ± 0.06 (SE)] across the full study duration. However, the early advance reversed in the second decade. Further, selection did not act on the genetic contribution to variation in parturition date, and observed changes in predicted breeding values did not exceed those expected due to genetic drift. Instead, individuals responded plastically to environmental variation, and high food [white spruce (Picea glauca) seed] production in the first decade appears to have produced a plastic advance. In addition, there was little evidence of climate change affecting the advance, as there was neither a significant influence of spring temperature on parturition date or evidence of a change in spring temperatures across the study duration. Heritable traits not responding to selection in accordance with quantitative genetic predictions have long presented a puzzle to evolutionary ecologists. Our results on red squirrels provide empirical support for one potential solution: phenotypic selection arising from an environmental, as opposed to genetic, covariance between the phenotypic trait and annual fitness.

journal_name

J Evol Biol

journal_title

Journal of evolutionary biology

authors

Lane JE,McAdam AG,McFarlane SE,Williams CT,Humphries MM,Coltman DW,Gorrell JC,Boutin S

doi

10.1111/jeb.13263

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-06-01 00:00:00

pages

810-821

issue

6

eissn

1010-061X

issn

1420-9101

journal_volume

31

pub_type

杂志文章

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