Abstract：
:Root exudates were collected over a 27 day period from defoliated and non-defoliated Lolium perenne L. plants grown under sterile conditions in microlysimeters. Eleven individual sugars, including both aldehyde and alcohol sugars, were identified and quantified with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). There was no change in the number of sugars present between 7 and 27 days, but the exudation of alcohol sugars decreased rapidly at about day 12. Xylose and glucose were present in the largest amounts. Defoliation initially increased the total amount of sugars in the exudates, but continuous defoliation reduced total sugar exudation by 16% and induced changes in the exudation patterns of individual sugars. Defoliation enhanced exudation of erythritol, threitol, and xylitol, reduced exudation of glucose and arabitol, but had little effect on the amounts of other sugars exuded. The more complex 6 C, 5 OH aldehyde sugars, especially glucose, showed changes earlier and to a greater extent (17 days), than the 5 C, 4 OH (xylose and ribose) and 6 C 4 OH (fucose) aldehyde groups. These findings confirm the general finding that repeated defoliation reduces the quantity of total sugars exuded, but the pattern of release of individual sugars is complex and variable.
journal_name
J Chem Ecoljournal_title
Journal of chemical ecologyauthors
Clayton SJ,Read DB,Murray PJ,Gregory PJdoi
10.1007/s10886-008-9536-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
1411-21issue
11eissn
0098-0331issn
1573-1561journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Holcus lanatus, a temperate grass, was found to contain low but measurable concentrations of condensed tannins (CT), according to the vanillin-HCl and the butanol-HCl methods. The variation in CT concentrations between different types of tissue including leaf age and reproductive versus nonreproductive tissue was exam...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02228314
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levels of phenolic secondary metabolites in the leaves of four west African rain-forest plants,Acacia pennata, Cynometra leonensis, Diopyros thomasii, andTrema guineensis, were correlated with incident light intensity at both the inter- and intraindividual level. Enhanced phenolic levels under high light intensity app...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01022527
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship among physiological stress responses, fecal marking behavior, and reproduction in male and female European pine martens was investigated. Between July 2004 and June 2007, 145 fresh fecal samples were collected in a protected area of northwest Spain. Fecal DNA was used for specific identification by us...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-011-9928-1
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that menstrual cycle length and fertility are affected by a regular pattern of either: (1) intimate contact with men; or (2) contact with extracts from male axillary secretions; and (3) the axillary extracts of women. Experiments utilizing axillary extracts employed a controlled, double-bli...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01020154
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plant secondary metabolites have an important role in defense responses against herbivores and pathogens, and as a chemical barrier to elevated levels of harmful air pollutants. This study involves the rapid chemical profiling of phenolic and diterpene resin acids in needles of two (ozone-tolerant and ozone-sensitive)...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-007-9314-1
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Few studies have addressed how chemosensation may be impaired by chemical alterations of the environment and anthropogenic disturbance. Humic acid (HA) is a pervasive, naturally occurring organic derivative found in aquatic and terrestrial environments; human activity, however, can lead to elevated levels of HA. Recen...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-007-9377-z
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hexane extracts of leaves of 307 accessions from 73 host plant species ofHelicoverpa zea were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and used forH. zea oviposition and neonate larvae orientation bioassays. The gas chromatographic (GC) retention times of compounds statistically associated with behavioral activity were ide...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02033653
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In response to feeding damage, Lima bean releases herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPV), which are generally assumed to attract carnivorous arthropods as an indirect defense. While many studies have focused on such tritrophic interactions, few have investigated effects of HIPV on herbivores. I used natural herbivor...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/b:joec.0000030299.59863.69
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seasonal changes in the production of primary nutrients (soluble carbohydrates) and secondary metabolites (terpenes, monomeric phenolics, and tannins) in the current needle tissue of Douglas fir were investigated. All four classes of compounds showed significant seasonal changes in concentration during foliage develop...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02036736
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the olfactory communication of the Neotropical short-tailed singing mouse, Scotinomys teguina, by investigating whether S. teguina responded to odors produced by the mid-ventral sebaceous gland of conspecifics. Females spent significantly more time investigating male odor than an odorless stimulus or a fem...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-008-9428-0
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical mimicry is an effective strategy when signal receivers recognize and discriminate models by relying on chemical cues. Some aphid enemies mimic the cuticular chemicals of aphids through various means thus avoiding detection and attack by aphid-tending ants. However, because ants have been reported to learn the...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-016-0676-0
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal gland secretion (TGS), obtained from 15 different mature African elephants in Kruger National Park was analyzed for volatile constituents. Only five volatile components were present.p-Cresol was present in all samples, but phenol was found as an appreciable component of only one sample and as trace amounts in...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00994782
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The major component of the rectal glandular extract and volatile emission of maleBactrocera cacuminatus is racemic 1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane. l-Hydroxy-5-nonanone as its open chain form, together with 6-n-butyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran are minor components. 1,7-Dioxaspiro[5.5]undecan-4-ol is present at a low level and i...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00994347
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tetrapedia diversipes and other Apidae (Anthophoridae) may be deceived by floral similarities between Malpighiaceae and Orchidaceae of the Oncidiinae subtribe. The latter do not usually exudate floral oils. Thus, visitors may pollinate the flowers in a deceit/food/pollination syndrome. We studied the chemical composit...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-007-9309-y
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacillus subtilis strains are known to produce a vast array of antimicrobial compounds. However, some compounds remain to be identified. Disk assays performed in vitro with Bacillus subtilis CU12 showed a significant reduction in mycelial growth of Alternaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium sambucinum, and Pythium ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-012-0219-2
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The principal volatile component (99 + %) of the sex pheromone glands ofLutzomyia longipalpis from Lapinha, Brazil, has been isolated and characterized as a novel homosesquiterpene with the specific structure proposed as 9-methylgermacrene-B, (E,E)-8-(1-methylethylidenyl)-1,5,10-trimethyl-1,5-cyclodecadiene. ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02027726
更新日期：1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentration of leaf mono- and sesquiterpenes is greater in nitrate-limited than in nitrate-richHeterotheca subaxillaris plants and is highest in young leaves and declines with leaf age. To determine whether rates of volatile terpene synthesis and/or loss vary with nitrate availability and leaf age, incorporation...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01012385
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three compounds have been identified as sex pheromone components produced by female fall webworm moths,Hyphantria cunea (Drury). These compounds are: (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienal (I), (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecatrienal (II), and (Z,Z)-3,6-cis-9,10-epoxyheneicosadiene (III). The ratio of these compounds was approximately 5∶6...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00987787
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a typical class of plant secondary metabolites that are constitutively produced as part of the plant's chemical defense. While roots are a well-established site of pyrrolizidine alkaloid biosynthesis, comfrey plants (Symphytum officinale; Boraginaceae) have been shown to additionally ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-018-0990-9
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The response of the sawtoothed grain beetle,Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), and the merchant grain beetle,O. mercator (Fauvel), to synthetic racemic and chiral macrolide aggregation pheromones was assessed in pitfall olfactometers.O.mercator utilizes theR enantiomers of (Z)-3-dodecen-11-olide and (Z,Z)-3,6-dodecadien-...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01012295
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subsocial tenebrionid Parastizopus armaticeps Pér. is parasitized by the closely related Eremostibes opacus Koch (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). We found that the pygidial defensive secretions of both species are similar and contain a mixture of 1,4-benzoquinones, 1-alkenes, and monoterpene hydrocarbons. The 1-alkene...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-006-9028-9
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microplitis croceipes is a solitary parasitoid that specializes on noctuid larvae of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens. Both the parasitoid and its hosts are naturally distributed across a large part of North America. When parasitoids deposit their eggs into hosts, venom and polydnaviruses (PDVs) are also inject...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-019-01120-1
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The feasibility of using the synthetic sex pheromone, disparlure, as a mating confusant of the nun moth (Lymantria monacha L.) was investigated on wild populations occurring in outbreak proportions in Poland and in low density in Czechoslovakia. The size of experimental plots ranged from 1 to 12 hectares. The amounts ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01013905
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bioassays with a variety of overripe fruits, including mango, plum, pear, and grape, and their extracts showed that odors from overripe mango were most attractive to adult vinegar flies, Drosophila melanogaster. Combined gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of solid-phase microextractio...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1022931816351
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two major components from pheromone gland extracts of Synanthedon haitangvora females were identified as (Z,Z)-3,13-octadecadienyl acetate (Z3,Z13-18:OAc) and (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadienyl acetate (E2,Z13-18:OAc), and the average ratio of these components was about 1:1. Seven minor components, (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate (Z...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-009-9694-5
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Males of several species ofMyrmecocystus produce mandibular gland secretions that contain 2,4-dimethyl-2-hexenoic acid and a variety of monoterpenes that include neral, geranial, citronellol, limonene, and 2,6-dimethyl-5-hepten-1-ol. Other components identified include methyl anthranilate, octanal, octanol, octyl octa...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01014734
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Crop domestication and selective breeding have altered plant defense mechanisms, influencing insect-plant interactions. A reduction in plant resistance/tolerance against herbivory is generally expected in domesticated species, however, limited efforts have been made to compare inducibility of plant defenses between wi...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-019-01090-4
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bees of the genusTrigona and subgenusTrigona possess volatile materials in their mandibular glands, used as alarm substances and as marking pheromones. Heads of workers ofTrigona fulviventris were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The two major volatile components were nerol (∼ 50%), and octyl caproate...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00990750
更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Repellency and toxicity of 8 essential oils (vetiver grass, cassia leaf, clove bud, cedarwood, Eucalyptus globules, Eucalyptus citrodora, lemongrass and geranium) were evaluated against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Vetiver oil proved the most effective repellent because of its lon...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1010410325174
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vast spectrum of inducible plant defenses can have direct negative effects on herbivores, or indirect effects, for instance in the form of herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that attract natural enemies. Various arthropods have evolved ways to suppress plant defenses. To test whether this is the case for ca...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-020-01153-x
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
