Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this review was to describe the characteristics of late-life obesity, including prevalence, pathophysiology, and influences on morbidity and mortality. A second objective was to systematically review the empiric evidence on the effects of intentional weight loss interventions in older individuals. DESIGN:We summarized the characteristics and known impact of late-life obesity and conducted a systematic review of the outcomes of weight loss interventions in obese older subjects. The inclusion criteria for the review were the following: randomized controlled trial; subjects aged 60 years or older; baseline BMI 27 or higher; weight loss versus baseline 3% or more or 2 kg; and trial duration 6 months or longer. RESULTS:The search strategy yielded 16 articles on weight loss interventions that were examined in detail. Overall, these interventions led to significant benefits for those with osteoarthritis, coronary heart disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2), while having slightly negative effects on bone mineral density and lean body mass. CONCLUSION:Longitudinal trials examining mortality and body weight suggest that maintaining weight is beneficial in older persons who become obese after age 65; in contrast, intervention trials show clinically important benefits of weight reduction with regard to osteoarthritis, physical function, and possibly DM-2 and coronary heart disease. Given these findings, we recommend that decisions about whether or not to institute a weight loss intervention for obese older persons be carefully considered on an individualized basis with special attention to the weight history and the medical conditions of each individual.
journal_name
J Am Med Dir Assocjournal_title
Journal of the American Medical Directors Associationauthors
Bales CW,Buhr Gdoi
10.1016/j.jamda.2008.01.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-06-01 00:00:00pages
302-12issue
5eissn
1525-8610issn
1538-9375pii
S1525-8610(08)00008-Xjournal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Loneliness is a common problem in long-term care facilities (LTCF) and previous work has shown that animal-assisted therapy (AAT) can to some degree reverse loneliness. Here, we compared the ability of a living dog (Dog) and a robotic dog (AIBO) to treat loneliness in elderly patients living in LTCF. In comparison wit...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2007.11.007
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify patient characteristics associated with higher numbers of prescribed drugs or risk of receiving one or more inappropriate medications. DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey using chart reviews. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 414 long-stay residents of 20 nursing homes in three states MEASUREMENTS:Current m...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of dopaminergic medication withdrawal in an elderly, demented and minimally ambulatory nursing home population with parkinsonism in New York City. METHODS:In our double-blind, randomized study, 11 patients (7 males, 4 females) were randomized into 2 groups: one group underwent levodo...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2008.07.001
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Pulmonary infections are common in children with quadriplegic cerebral palsy. High frequency chest wall oscillation with the vest therapy (VT) is used to promote pulmonary clearance and to prevent pneumonias in cystic fibrosis patients. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of VT in pa...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.JAM.0000028225.84012.3B
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To quantify and characterize the chronic conditions of older Americans who live in nursing homes (NHs) but have minimal disability and might be able to live in less restrictive and less expensive settings. DESIGN:Secondary analysis of the 1999 National Nursing Home Survey. PARTICIPANTS:NH staff members fam...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of humor therapy assessed using observational methods on agitation, engagement, positive behaviors, affect, and contentment. DESIGN:Single-blind cluster randomized controlled trial. SETTING:A total of 35 Sydney nursing homes. PARTICIPANTS:All eligible residents within geographicall...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2014.03.017
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aging trends in the U.S. have resulted in the over 65 years age group with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) becoming the fastest growing segment of the population presenting for dialysis. Their profile differs from younger adults in that they present with significant comorbidity and vascular access problems, and require...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/01.JAM.0000126424.66926.02
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skin failure is an emerging concept that clarifies trends in clinical practice. Its recognition provides common nomenclature, opens research directions, and questions assumptions regarding pressure ulcers as a quality measure. Adoption of the term is a step toward uniform terminology in compliance with a value based p...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2016.03.014
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of the study was to develop and validate a simple caregiver-rated questionnaire to screen for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in nursing home residents. DESIGN:Part 1: Identification of screening parameters by the Delphi process using geriatric and pulmonary experts. Part 2: Retrosp...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2010.11.007
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Malnutrition screening among nursing home residents is often performed with tools developed for use among older subjects, and sometimes with tools designed for an adult population. Only a few tools have been designed specifically for the nursing home setting. This systematic review assesses the criterion and ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2013.10.006
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify the impact of the regulations implemented in Maryland in 2001, related to nursing home attending physicians and medical directors, and nursing home quality assurance requirements, on Maryland nursing homes, administrators, and physicians. DESIGN:Two surveys were mailed to all nursing home admini...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.JAM.0000066022.74526.CF
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aging population in China is growing rapidly and by the middle of this century will peak. In addition, in 2000, elderly people aged 80 and older accounted for 18% of the world's population of oldest old. We identify here ways to begin addressing China's unique aging population needs. Through improving geriatric an...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2009.06.007
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:New guidelines recommend a target glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of 7.5% to 8.0% in elderly persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but real-world data regarding outcomes associated with different HbA1c levels in the elderly are limited. This study assessed outcomes and their association with defined HbA1c...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2014.06.007
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To document the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in patients in one large long-term care facility, and describe clinical outcomes in initially bacteriuric and nonbacteriuric residents during prospective observation encompassing one year. METHODS:Patients enrolled in the study were residents of the Hai...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the risks for aspiration pneumonia in frail older people and the contribution of bad oral health among the risk factors. DESIGN:Systematic literature review. SETTING:PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched for eligible studies, published ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2010.12.099
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The Beers (2012) criteria and the screening tool of older persons' potentially inappropriate prescriptions (STOPP) criteria are often used to identify potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of PIM use in nursing home residents ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2014.08.008
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Good scientific evidence indicates that calcium and vitamin D supplementation decrease the incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures among institutionalized elderly. OBJECTIVE:The objective was to study the frequency of prescribing calcium and vitamin D supplements in elderly institutionalized individuals...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.JAM.0000110649.22467.B4
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The current treatment program for fragility hip fractures (HFx) emphasizes a combination of early surgery, rehabilitation, and tertiary prevention strategy for osteoporosis; however, the effect is unclear and little information is available on the risk factors predicting the occurrence of a second hip fractu...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2014.05.010
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To develop a prognostic model to predict the probability of a short-term fall (within the next 7 to 30 days) in older adults with dementia. DESIGN:Prospective observational study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:Fifty-one individuals with dementia at high risk of falls from a specialized dementia inpatient unit. ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2020.07.030
更新日期：2020-09-05 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Poor gait performance predicts risk of developing dementia. No structured critical evaluation has been conducted to study this association yet. The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically examine the association of poor gait performance with incidence of dementia. METHODS:An English and French Medli...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.092
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine what variables separate community-dwelling elders from assisted living-dwelling elders. DESIGN:Cross-sectional. SETTING:Community and assisted living facilities in Connecticut. PARTICIPANTS:114 individuals (77 community dwelling, 37 assisted living). ASSESSMENTS:Nutritional survey, 6-minute w...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2009.07.006
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) in community-dwelling subjects aged 85 and to determine the anticoagulation therapy rate. DESIGN:Community-based survey of inhabitants aged 85 years. PARTICIPANTS:Participants were 328 people born in 1924 and assigned to 7 primary health care te...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.005
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine individual items of the SARC-F in predicting adverse outcomes. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Community-dwelling older people in Hong Kong SAR China. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 4000 men and women aged 65 years and over, stratified in 3 age groups (65-69, 70-74, 75+ years of age). MEASUR...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2017.09.006
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To describe current practices of incontinence care in nursing homes (NHs) provided by certified nurse assistants (CNAs), and to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of an integrated incontinence care product, the One Step Incontinence System (OSIS) in the NH setting. While the ultimate purpose of OSIS ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2006.10.001
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While federal law establishes guidelines that designated facilities must follow in providing information about a patient's rights regarding self-determination in the health care decision-making process, state law determines the decision-making process and the legal requirements pertaining thereto. A person's capacity ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2006.01.001
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Common Format for nursing homes (NHs) accommodates voluntary reporting for 4 adverse events: falls with injury, pressure ulcers, medication errors, and infections. In 2015, AHRQ funded a technical brief to describe the state of the science related to saf...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2016.03.005
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Falling is a common and serious problem in the elderly. Previous studies suggest that the use of psychotropic drugs increases the risk of falling. However, the contribution of these drugs on fall risk has not been quantified on a daily basis among the general population of nursing homes until now. OBJECTIVE...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.004
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We sought to examine the associations of osteosarcopenia with physical performance, balance, and falls and fractures in community-dwelling older adults. Additionally, we aimed to determine which clinical outcomes are associated with specific components of osteosarcopenia. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETT...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2019.09.005
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic indwelling catheters are used to manage urinary retention, especially in the presence of urethral obstruction, and to facilitate healing of incontinence-related skin breakdown. These indwelling foreign bodies become coated and sometimes obstructed by biofilm laden with bacteria and struvite crystals. Bacteria ...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2006.01.020
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of malnutrition ranges up to 50% among patients in hospitals worldwide, and disease-related malnutrition is all too common in long-term and other health care settings as well. Regrettably, the numbers have not improved over the past decade. The consequences of malnutrition are serious, including increas...
journal_title：Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jamda.2014.05.011
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
