Gene expression analysis of gallium-resistant and gallium-sensitive lymphoma cells reveals a role for metal-responsive transcription factor-1, metallothionein-2A, and zinc transporter-1 in modulating the antineoplastic activity of gallium nitrate.

Abstract:

:Several clinical trials have shown gallium nitrate to be an active agent in the treatment of lymphoma. Whereas gallium is known to target cellular iron homeostasis, the basis for lymphoma cell resistance to gallium is not known. Understanding mechanisms of resistance may suggest strategies to enhance the clinical efficacy of gallium. In the present study, we used a focused DNA microarray to compare the expression of genes related to metal metabolism in gallium-resistant and gallium-sensitive lymphoma cell lines developed by us. Gallium-resistant cells were found to display a marked increase in gene expression for metallothionein-2A and the zinc transporter ZnT-1. Cells exposed to gallium nitrate displayed an increase in the binding of metal-responsive transcription factor-1 to metal response element sequences involved in the transcriptional regulation of metallothionein and ZnT-1 genes. Gallium nitrate induced metallothionein-2A and ZnT-1 expression in cells. A role for metallothionein in modulating the antineoplastic activity of gallium was confirmed by showing that the induction of metallothionein expression by zinc provided partial protection against the cytotoxicity of gallium and by showing that the level of endogenous metallothionein in lymphoma cell lines correlated with their sensitivity to gallium nitrate. Immunohistochemical staining of lymphomatous tissues revealed metallothionein protein to be variably expressed in different lymphomas. Our studies show for the first time that gallium acts on pathways related to zinc metabolism and that metal-responsive transcription factor-1 activity and metallothionein expression contribute to the development of gallium drug resistance. Furthermore, the endogenous level of metallothionein in lymphoma may be an important determinant of clinical response to gallium nitrate.

journal_name

Mol Cancer Ther

authors

Yang M,Kroft SH,Chitambar CR

doi

10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0557

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2007-02-01 00:00:00

pages

633-43

issue

2

eissn

1535-7163

issn

1538-8514

pii

6/2/633

journal_volume

6

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Single-chain antibody-based immunotoxins targeting Her2/neu: design optimization and impact of affinity on antitumor efficacy and off-target toxicity.

    abstract::Recombinant immunotoxins, consisting of single-chain variable fragments (scFv) genetically fused to polypeptide toxins, represent potentially effective candidates for cancer therapeutics. We evaluated the affinity of various anti-Her2/neu scFv fused to recombinant gelonin (rGel) and its effect on antitumor efficacy an...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0519

    authors: Cao Y,Marks JD,Huang Q,Rudnick SI,Xiong C,Hittelman WN,Wen X,Marks JW,Cheung LH,Boland K,Li C,Adams GP,Rosenblum MG

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Antitumor mechanisms of targeting the PDK1 pathway in head and neck cancer.

    abstract::G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) activate the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and mediate EGFR-independent signaling pathways to promote the growth of a variety of cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Identification of the common signaling mechanisms involved in GPCR-induced EGFR...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0936

    authors: Bhola NE,Freilino ML,Joyce SC,Sen M,Thomas SM,Sahu A,Cassell A,Chen CS,Grandis JR

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacologic inhibition of CDC25 phosphatases impairs interphase microtubule dynamics and mitotic spindle assembly.

    abstract::The CDC25 cell cycle regulators are promising targets for new pharmacologic approaches in cancer therapy. Inhibitory compounds such as BN82685 have proven to be effective in specifically targeting CDC25 in cultured cells and in inhibiting tumor cell growth. Here, we report that BN82685 impairs microtubule dynamic inst...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0299

    authors: Cazales M,Boutros R,Brezak MC,Chaumeron S,Prevost G,Ducommun B

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanism of drug efficacy within the EGF receptor revealed by microsecond molecular dynamics simulation.

    abstract::The EGF receptor (EGFR) regulates important cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. EGFR is frequently overexpressed in a range of cancers and is associated with disease progression and treatment. Clinical studies have shown that EGFR mutations confer tumor sensitivity to tyrosine k...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-0644-T

    authors: Wan S,Wright DW,Coveney PV

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • The proteasome inhibitor NPI-0052 is a more effective inducer of apoptosis than bortezomib in lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

    abstract::Proteasome inhibitors are potent inducers of apoptosis in isolated lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the reversible proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (PS-341; Velcade) did not display substantial antitumor activity in CLL patients. Here, we compared the effects of bortezomib and...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0066

    authors: Ruiz S,Krupnik Y,Keating M,Chandra J,Palladino M,McConkey D

    更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00

  • SB-431542, a small molecule transforming growth factor-beta-receptor antagonist, inhibits human glioma cell line proliferation and motility.

    abstract::Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a multifunctional cytokine that promotes malignant glioma invasion, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression. Antisense oligonucleotide suppression of TGF-beta(2) ligand expression has shown promise in preclinical and clinical studies but at least two ligands mediate the effect...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hjelmeland MD,Hjelmeland AB,Sathornsumetee S,Reese ED,Herbstreith MH,Laping NJ,Friedman HS,Bigner DD,Wang XF,Rich JN

    更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00

  • Identification of biomarkers for tumor endothelial cell proliferation through gene expression profiling.

    abstract::Extensive efforts are under way to identify antiangiogenic therapies for the treatment of human cancers. Many proposed therapeutics target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or the kinase insert domain receptor (KDR/VEGF receptor-2/FLK-1), the mitogenic VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cel...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-04-0209

    authors: Hardwick JS,Yang Y,Zhang C,Shi B,McFall R,Koury EJ,Hill SL,Dai H,Wasserman R,Phillips RL,Weinstein EJ,Kohl NE,Severino ME,Lamb JR,Sepp-Lorenzino L

    更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00

  • Prognostic role of KiSS-1 and possibility of therapeutic modality of metastin, the final peptide of the KiSS-1 gene, in urothelial carcinoma.

    abstract::The KiSS-1 gene has been reported to be a metastasis suppressor gene in human melanoma. The gene product was isolated from human placenta as the ligand of GPR54, a G protein-coupled receptor, and the C-terminally amidated peptide of 54 amino acids is called metastin. The binding of metastin to GPR54 has been shown to ...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0521

    authors: Takeda T,Kikuchi E,Mikami S,Suzuki E,Matsumoto K,Miyajima A,Okada Y,Oya M

    更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibition of Nucleotide Synthesis Targets Brain Tumor Stem Cells in a Subset of Glioblastoma.

    abstract::Inhibition of both the de novo (DNP) and salvage (NSP) pathways of nucleoside synthesis has been demonstrated to impair leukemia cells. We endeavored to determine whether this approach would be efficacious in glioblastoma. To diminish nucleoside biosynthesis, we utilized compound DI-39, which selectively targets NSP, ...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-0982

    authors: Laks DR,Ta L,Crisman TJ,Gao F,Coppola G,Radu CG,Nathanson DA,Kornblum HI

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Novel irreversible small molecule inhibitors of replication protein A display single-agent activity and synergize with cisplatin.

    abstract::Replication protein A (RPA) is a single-strand DNA-binding protein with essential roles in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. It is necessary for the formation of the preincision complex that is required for proper incision of damaged DNA nucleotides during DNA repair. We have previously identified small mole...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-11-0303

    authors: Neher TM,Bodenmiller D,Fitch RW,Jalal SI,Turchi JJ

    更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00

  • Targeting homologous recombination using imatinib results in enhanced tumor cell chemosensitivity and radiosensitivity.

    abstract::RAD51 is a key protein in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway of DNA double-strand break repair, and HR represents a novel target for cancer therapy. Because imatinib (Gleevec) has been reported to reduce RAD51 protein levels, we tested the clonogenic survival for RT112, H1299, PANC1, and PC3 tumor cell lines of...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0959

    authors: Choudhury A,Zhao H,Jalali F,Al Rashid S,Ran J,Supiot S,Kiltie AE,Bristow RG

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • E7080 suppresses hematogenous multiple organ metastases of lung cancer cells with nonmutated epidermal growth factor receptor.

    abstract::While epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors improve the prognosis of patients with EGFR mutant lung cancer, the prognosis of patients with nonmutant EGFR lung cancer, especially those with metastases, is still extremely poor. We have assessed the therapeutic efficacy of E7080, an orally av...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-10-0707

    authors: Ogino H,Hanibuchi M,Kakiuchi S,Trung VT,Goto H,Ikuta K,Yamada T,Uehara H,Tsuruoka A,Uenaka T,Wang W,Li Q,Takeuchi S,Yano S,Nishioka Y,Sone S

    更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00

  • Regulation of HIF1α under Hypoxia by APE1/Ref-1 Impacts CA9 Expression: Dual Targeting in Patient-Derived 3D Pancreatic Cancer Models.

    abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Aggressive treatment regimens have not changed the disease course, and the median survival has just recently reached a year. Several mechanisms are proposed to play a role in PDAC therapeutic resistanc...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0253

    authors: Logsdon DP,Grimard M,Luo M,Shahda S,Jiang Y,Tong Y,Yu Z,Zyromski N,Schipani E,Carta F,Supuran CT,Korc M,Ivan M,Kelley MR,Fishel ML

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Antitumor mechanisms of combined gastrin-releasing peptide receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor targeting in head and neck cancer.

    abstract::Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression, where EGFR levels correlate with survival. To date, EGFR targeting has shown limited antitumor effects in head and neck cancer when administrated as monotherapy. We previously identified a gastrin-...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0678

    authors: Zhang Q,Bhola NE,Lui VW,Siwak DR,Thomas SM,Gubish CT,Siegfried JM,Mills GB,Shin D,Grandis JR

    更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00

  • Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition mediates docetaxel resistance and high risk of relapse in prostate cancer.

    abstract::Molecular characterization of radical prostatectomy specimens after systemic therapy may identify a gene expression profile for resistance to therapy. This study assessed tumor cells from patients with prostate cancer participating in a phase II neoadjuvant docetaxel and androgen deprivation trial to identify mediator...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-13-0775

    authors: Marín-Aguilera M,Codony-Servat J,Reig Ò,Lozano JJ,Fernández PL,Pereira MV,Jiménez N,Donovan M,Puig P,Mengual L,Bermudo R,Font A,Gallardo E,Ribal MJ,Alcaraz A,Gascón P,Mellado B

    更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00

  • Combinatorial Treatment with mTOR Inhibitors and Streptozotocin Leads to Synergistic In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Effects in Insulinoma Cells.

    abstract::Streptozotocin-based chemotherapy is the first-line chemotherapy recommended for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs), whereas targeted therapies, including mTOR inhibitors, are available in second-line treatment. Unfortunately, objective response rates to both treatments are limited. Because mTOR pathway...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-0325

    authors: Bollard J,Patte C,Massoma P,Goddard I,Gadot N,Benslama N,Hervieu V,Ferraro-Peyret C,Cordier-Bussat M,Scoazec JY,Roche C,Walter T,Vercherat C

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • FBW7-Dependent Mcl-1 Degradation Mediates the Anticancer Effect of Hsp90 Inhibitors.

    abstract::Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is widely overexpressed in cancer cells and necessary for maintenance of malignant phenotypes. Hsp90 inhibition induces tumor cell death through degradation of its client oncoproteins and has shown promises in preclinical studies. However, the mechanism by which Hsp90 inhibitors kill tumo...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-0032

    authors: Tong J,Tan S,Nikolovska-Coleska Z,Yu J,Zou F,Zhang L

    更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00

  • Targeting PARP-1 with Alpha-Particles Is Potently Cytotoxic to Human Neuroblastoma in Preclinical Models.

    abstract::Alpha-emitters can be pharmacologically delivered for irradiation of single cancer cells, but cellular lethality could be further enhanced by targeting alpha-emitters directly to the nucleus. PARP-1 is a druggable protein in the nucleus that is overexpressed in neuroblastoma compared with normal tissues and is associa...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-18-0837

    authors: Makvandi M,Lee H,Puentes LN,Reilly SW,Rathi KS,Weng CC,Chan HS,Hou C,Raman P,Martinez D,Xu K,Carlin SD,Greenberg RA,Pawel BR,Mach RH,Maris JM,Pryma DA

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00

  • In vivo characterization of a polymeric nanoparticle platform with potential oral drug delivery capabilities.

    abstract::Nanotechnology has enabled significant advances in the areas of cancer diagnosis and therapy. The field of drug delivery is a sterling example, with nanoparticles being increasingly used for generating therapeutic formulations of poorly water-soluble, yet potent anticancer drugs. Whereas a number of nanoparticle-drug ...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-08-0476

    authors: Bisht S,Feldmann G,Koorstra JB,Mullendore M,Alvarez H,Karikari C,Rudek MA,Lee CK,Maitra A,Maitra A

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • GnRH-R-Targeted Lytic Peptide Sensitizes BRCA Wild-type Ovarian Cancer to PARP Inhibition.

    abstract::EP-100 is a synthetic lytic peptide that specifically targets the gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor on cancer cells. To extend the utility of EP-100, we aimed to identify effective combination therapies with EP-100 for ovarian cancer and explore potential mechanisms of this combination. A series of in vitro (MTT...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-18-0770

    authors: Ma S,Pradeep S,Villar-Prados A,Wen Y,Bayraktar E,Mangala LS,Kim MS,Wu SY,Hu W,Rodriguez-Aguayo C,Leuschner C,Liang X,Ram PT,Schlacher K,Coleman RL,Sood AK

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • Dll4-Fc, an inhibitor of Dll4-notch signaling, suppresses liver metastasis of small cell lung cancer cells through the downregulation of the NF-κB activity.

    abstract::Notch signaling regulates cell-fate decisions during development and postnatal life. Little is known, however, about the role of Delta-like-4 (Dll4)-Notch signaling between cancer cells, or how this signaling affects cancer metastasis. We, therefore, assessed the role of Dll4-Notch signaling in cancer metastasis. We g...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-0640

    authors: Kuramoto T,Goto H,Mitsuhashi A,Tabata S,Ogawa H,Uehara H,Saijo A,Kakiuchi S,Maekawa Y,Yasutomo K,Hanibuchi M,Akiyama S,Sone S,Nishioka Y

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Combined Inhibition of NEDD8-Activating Enzyme and mTOR Suppresses NF2 Loss-Driven Tumorigenesis.

    abstract::Inactivation of NF2/Merlin causes the autosomal-dominant cancer predisposition syndrome familial neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and contributes to the development of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). To develop a targeted therapy for NF2-mutant tumors, we have exploited the recent realization that Merlin loss driv...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0821

    authors: Cooper J,Xu Q,Zhou L,Pavlovic M,Ojeda V,Moulick K,de Stanchina E,Poirier JT,Zauderer M,Rudin CM,Karajannis MA,Hanemann CO,Giancotti FG

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • RANKL-Targeted Combination Therapy with Osteoprotegerin Variant Devoid of TRAIL Binding Exerts Biphasic Effects on Skeletal Remodeling and Antitumor Immunity.

    abstract::Complexities in treating breast cancer with bone metastasis are enhanced by a vicious protumorigenic pathology, involving a shift in skeletal homeostasis toward aggressive osteoclast activity and polarization of immune cells supporting tumor growth and immunosuppression. Recent studies signify the role of receptor act...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-20-0378

    authors: Wang H,Ashton R,Hensel JA,Lee JH,Khattar V,Wang Y,Deshane JS,Ponnazhagan S

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Sorafenib has soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitory activity, which contributes to its effect profile in vivo.

    abstract::The advent of multikinase inhibitors targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor has revolutionized the treatment of highly angiogenic malignancies such as renal cell carcinoma. Interestingly, several such inhibitors are commercially available, and they each possess diverse specific beneficial and...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-0119

    authors: Liu JY,Park SH,Morisseau C,Hwang SH,Hammock BD,Weiss RH

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Photodynamic therapy mediates the oxygen-independent activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha.

    abstract::Photodynamic therapy (PDT) induces the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) subunit of the HIF-1 transcription factor and its target genes in vitro and in vivo. PDT also induces the expression of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 and its metabolite, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 and hypoxia act ind...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0421

    authors: Mitra S,Cassar SE,Niles DJ,Puskas JA,Frelinger JG,Foster TH

    更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00

  • Tumor-penetrating iRGD peptide inhibits metastasis.

    abstract::Tumor-specific tissue-penetrating peptides deliver drugs into extravascular tumor tissue by increasing tumor vascular permeability through interaction with neuropilin (NRP). Here, we report that a prototypic tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD (amino acid sequence: CRGDKGPDC) potently inhibits spontaneous metastasis in mic...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0366

    authors: Sugahara KN,Braun GB,de Mendoza TH,Kotamraju VR,French RP,Lowy AM,Teesalu T,Ruoslahti E

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • MDM2 inhibition sensitizes neuroblastoma to chemotherapy-induced apoptotic cell death.

    abstract::Novel therapeutic approaches are urgently needed for high-stage neuroblastoma, a major therapeutic challenge in pediatric oncology. The majority of neuroblastoma tumors are p53 wild type with intact downstream p53 signaling pathways. We hypothesize that stabilization of p53 would sensitize this aggressive tumor to gen...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-06-0305

    authors: Barbieri E,Mehta P,Chen Z,Zhang L,Slack A,Berg S,Shohet JM

    更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00

  • Synergistic antitumor effect of combined use of adenoviral-mediated p53 gene transfer and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting clusterin gene in an androgen-independent human prostate cancer model.

    abstract::Our recent studies showed that antisense oligodeoxynucleotide targeting antiapoptotic gene, clusterin, enhanced apoptosis induced by conventional therapeutic modalities using several prostate cancer models. In this study, to establish a more effective therapeutic strategy against prostate cancer, we investigated the e...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Yamanaka K,Gleave ME,Hara I,Muramaki M,Miyake H

    更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00

  • Combined MEK and BCL-2/XL Inhibition Is Effective in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Patient-Derived Xenograft Models and BIM Levels Are Predictive of Responsiveness.

    abstract::Most patients with late-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) initially respond to chemotherapy but inevitably relapse and develop resistance, highlighting the need for novel therapies to improve patient outcomes. The MEK/ERK pathway is activated in a large subset of HGSOC, making it an attractive therapeutic...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-18-0413

    authors: Iavarone C,Zervantonakis IK,Selfors LM,Palakurthi S,Liu JF,Drapkin R,Matulonis UA,Hallberg D,Velculescu VE,Leverson JD,Sampath D,Mills GB,Brugge JS

    更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00

  • Hsp90 inhibitors promote p53-dependent apoptosis through PUMA and Bax.

    abstract::Hsp90 is widely overexpressed in cancer cells and believed to be essential for the maintenance of malignant phenotypes. Targeting Hsp90 by small molecules has shown promise in solid and hematologic malignancies, which likely involves degradation of client oncoproteins in a cell-type-specific manner. In this study, we ...

    journal_title:Molecular cancer therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-13-0284

    authors: He K,Zheng X,Zhang L,Yu J

    更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00