Differential resistance among host and non-host species underlies the variable success of the hemi-parasitic plant Rhinanthus minor.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:Rhinanthus minor is a root hemiparasitic plant that attacks a wide range of host species which are severely damaged by the parasite. Rhinanthus minor also attempts unsuccessfully to form connections to a range of non-hosts which in contrast are not damaged by the parasite; however, the underlying physiological basis of these differences is not fully understood. METHODS:Biomass of host-parasite combinations was studied, and histology, electron microscopy and FT-IR microspectroscopy were used to determine the cellular-level interactions between Rhinanthus haustoria (the parasite's connective structure) and the roots of a range of potential host species. RESULTS:Two distinct defence responses were observed in the non-host forbs Plantago lanceolata and Leucanthemum vulgare. Firstly, L. vulgare was able to encapsulate the parasite's invading structures preventing it from gaining access to the stele. This was supported by FT-IR microspectroscopy, used to monitor lignification in response to Rhinanthus haustoria. Secondly, host cell fragmentation was observed at the interface between the parasite and P. lanceolata. Growth data confirmed the non-host status of the two forbs whilst, in contrast, grasses and a legume which were good hosts showed no evidence of defence at the host/parasite interface. CONCLUSIONS:Variable resistance to Rhinanthus is shown for the first time to be controlled by cellular-level resistance to haustoria by either cell fragmentation or lignification at the host/parasite interface.

journal_name

Ann Bot

journal_title

Annals of botany

authors

Cameron DD,Coats AM,Seel WE

doi

10.1093/aob/mcl218

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1289-99

issue

6

eissn

0305-7364

issn

1095-8290

pii

mcl218

journal_volume

98

pub_type

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