Abstract:
:This thesis is part of the studies of gender bias in health which together with the paradigm of evidence-based medicine shares the empirical assumption that there are inaccuracies in medical practice, in addition to a lack of rigour and transparency. It worked with the distinction between the concepts of sex and gender and between the concepts of sex-related differences and gender inequalities, in terms of applying a gender perspective in the study design and the subsequent analysis. This PhD review presents the research process conducted in Spain, which can provide an example for future research. Study I described a review of 58 clinical trials (CTs) of etoricoxib to assess its compliance with the Recommendations of Evaluation of Gender Differences in the Clinical Evaluation of Drugs. In Study II, key informants from professions related to different areas in drug development and pharmacovigilance held a working meeting to reach a consensus document on recommendations for the study and evaluation of gender differences in CTs in Spain. In Study III, the websites of the eight best-selling hormone replacement therapy drugs in Spain on Google first page of results were analysed. In Study IV, a logistic regression analysis was performed to compare analgesic prescription by sex in regions with a higher or lower Gender Development Index (GDI) than the Spanish average. Gender biases identified in this thesis limited the legitimacy of medicine, which is not based on the best possible evidence. The results also demonstrate the existence of inequalities between men and women that are not due merely to biological differences, but are gender inequalities stemming from the social differences that exist between both sexes.
journal_name
Glob Health Actionjournal_title
Global health actionauthors
Chilet-Rosell Edoi
10.3402/gha.v7.25484subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-12-09 00:00:00pages
25484eissn
1654-9716issn
1654-9880pii
25484journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to poor sexual and reproductive health outcomes. In addition, Lao PDR has the highest teenage pregnancy rate in southeast Asia and a high maternal mortality ratio. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to provide a comprehensive exploration of factors that influence SRH knowledg...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2020.1791426
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nutrition is the intake of food in relation to the body's dietary needs. Malnutrition results from the intake of inadequate or excess food. This can lead to reduced immunity, increased susceptibility to disease, impaired physical and mental development, and reduced productivity. OBJECTIVE:To perform a syste...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3402/gha.v8.28298
更新日期:2015-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intrapartum-related hypoxia accounts for 30% of neonatal deaths in Tanzania. This has led to the introduction and scaling-up of the Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) programme, which is a simulation-based learning programme in newborn resuscitation skills. Studies have documented ineffective ventilation of non-br...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2018.1423862
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Strengthening surgical services in resource-constrained settings is contingent on using high-quality data to inform decision making at clinical, facility, and policy levels. However, the evidence is sparse on gaps in paper-based medical record quality for surgical and obstetric patients in low-resource setti...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2020.1765526
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Domestic violence during pregnancy has detrimental effects on the health of the mother and the newborn. Antenatal care provides a 'window of opportunity' to identify and assist victims of domestic violence during pregnancy. Little is known about the experience, needs, and expectations from the women's perspe...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v9.31838
更新日期:2016-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study explores violence against women in a low-income setting in relation to residency and literacy. SETTING:The study was conducted within the Butajira Rural Health Programme (a Health and Demographic Surveillance Site), which includes rural and semi-urban settings in south-central Ethiopia. DESIGN:Th...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v3i0.2070
更新日期:2010-02-25 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dengue fever is an important vector-transmitted disease that affects more than 100 countries worldwide. Locations where individuals tend to gather may play an important role in disease transmission in the presence of the vector. By controlling mosquitoes' breeding places, this study aims to analyze the eff...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v9.28026
更新日期:2016-01-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The dementia diagnosis gap in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is large, partly due to difficulties in assessing function, an essential step in diagnosis. OBJECTIVES:As part of the Identification and Intervention for Dementia in Elderly Africans (IDEA) study, to develop, pilot, and validate an Instrumental Activiti...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v7.25988
更新日期:2014-12-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a serious shortage of skilled nutrition professionals in West Africa. Investing in nutrition training is one of the strategies for strengthening the human resource base in nutrition. However, little is known about how nutrition training in the region is financed and the levels of tuition fees charge...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v8.29415
更新日期:2015-11-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have found that community health workers (CHWs) with appropriate training are able to accurately identify people at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in the community who would benefit from the introduction of preventative management, in Bangladesh, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa. This paper exa...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v8.26318
更新日期:2015-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a significant contributor to Malawi's burden of disease. Despite a number of studies describing socio-economic differences in HIV prevalence, there is a paucity of evidence on socio-economic inequity in HIV testing in Malawi. OBJECTIVE:To assess horizontal inequity (HI)...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v9.31730
更新日期:2016-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The term HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) is commonly used in relation to diabetes mellitus. The measure gives an indication of the average blood sugar levels over a period of weeks or months prior to testing. For most low- and middle-income countries HbA1c measurement in community surveillance is prohibitively ...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v9.31691
更新日期:2016-08-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, are commonly plagued by poor access, poor performance, inefficient use and inequitable distribution of resources. To improve health system efficiency, equity and effectiveness, the World Development Report of 1993 proposed a first wave of heal...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/16549716.2018.1462579
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Job satisfaction is an important determinant of health worker motivation, retention, and performance, all of which are critical to improving the functioning of health systems in low- and middle-income countries. A number of small-scale surveys have measured the job satisfaction and intention to leave of indi...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.19287
更新日期:2013-01-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality has been declining in Bangladesh since the mid- twentieth century, while fertility has been declining since the late 1970s, and the country is now passing through the third stage of demographic transition. This type of demographic transition has produced a huge youthful population with a growing nu...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v3i0.4618
更新日期:2010-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have recently demonstrated that an obese-years construct is a better predictor of the risk of diabetes than the severity of body weight alone. However, these risk estimates were derived from a population cohort study initiated in 1948 that might not apply to the current population. OBJECTIVE:To validate ...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v9.30421
更新日期:2016-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite considerable global attention to the issues of climate change, relatively little priority has been given to the likely effects on human health of current and future changes in the global climate. We identify three major societal determinants that influence the impact of climate change on human health...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.20513
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A woman's satisfaction with childbirth services can have a significant impact on her mental health and ability to bond with her neonate. Knowing postnatal women's opinions and satisfaction with services makes the services more women-friendly. Indian women's satisfaction with childbirth services has been expl...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2017.1386932
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The collaborative quality improvement approach proposed by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement has the potential to improve coverage of evidence-based maternal and newborn health practices. The Safe Care, Saving Lives initiative supported the implementation of 20 evidence-based maternal and newborn care...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2019.1581466
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:China has made impressive progress towards the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) for maternal and reproductive health, but ensuring that progress reaches all segments of the population remains a challenge for policy makers. The aim of this review is to map disadvantaged populations in terms of maternal healt...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.19542
更新日期:2013-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Blindness from glaucoma is associated with socio-economic deprivation, presumed to reflect poor access to care and poor adherence to treatment. OBJECTIVES:To determine why people with glaucoma are presenting late for treatment and to understand access to glaucoma care. Additionally, we sought to identify wh...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v9.31886
更新日期:2016-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Following the launch of District Health Information System 2 across facilities in Kenya, more health facilities are now capable of carrying out malaria parasitological testing and reporting data as part of routine health information systems, improving the potential value of routine data for accurate and time...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2017.1413266
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Indonesia still faces challenges in maternal health. Specifically, the lack of information on community-level maternal morbidity. The relatively high maternal healthcare non-utilization in Indonesia intensifies this problem. OBJECTIVE:To describe the burden of community-level maternal morbidity in Indonesia...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2017.1339534
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) is a legal instrument binding all World Health Organization (WHO) member States. It aims to prevent and control public health emergencies of international concern. Country points of entry (POEs) have been identified as potential areas for effective interventi...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.20942
更新日期:2013-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Unsafe abortion contributes to a significant portion of maternal mortality in India. Access to safe abortion care is known to reduce maternal mortality. Availability and distribution of abortion care facilities can influence women's access to these services, especially in rural areas. OBJECTIVES:To assess t...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v8.26346
更新日期:2015-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:India's older population is projected to increase up to 96 million by 2011 with older people accounting for 18% of its population by 2051. The Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health aims to improve empirical understanding of health and well-being of older adults in developing countries. OBJECTIVES:To exami...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v3i0.2128
更新日期:2010-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As the HIV/AIDS pandemic has evolved over recent decades, Africa has been the most affected region, even though a large proportion of HIV/AIDS deaths have not been documented at the individual level. Systematic application of verbal autopsy (VA) methods in defined populations provides an opportunity to asses...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v7.25370
更新日期:2014-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Job satisfaction among health workers is an important indicator in assessing the performance and efficiency of health services. OBJECTIVE:This study measured job satisfaction and determined associated factors among health workers in 38 commune health stations in an urban district and a rural district of Han...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v6i0.18619
更新日期:2013-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adolescents in low and middle-income countries experience pronounced mental health needs in contexts where infrastructure and resources are scarce. While evidence-based treatment are readily available, they may not fit the unique needs of certain contexts. OBJECTIVE:This manuscript illustrates the systemati...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/16549716.2020.1775062
更新日期:2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social and environmental changes have accompanied the ongoing rapid urbanisation in a number of countries during recent decades. Understanding of its role in the health-risk transition is important for health policy development at national and local level. Thailand is one country facing many of the health ch...
journal_title:Global health action
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3402/gha.v2i0.1914
更新日期:2009-04-30 00:00:00