Cancer incidence and mortality after radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism: a population-based cohort study.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease type 2 (PKD2) is known to have a milder clinical phenotype than PKD1, neither disorder has been compared with an unaffected control population in terms of survival. We report the findings of a multicentre survey that aimed to define more precisely the sur...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Hateboer N,v Dijk MA,Bogdanova N,Coto E,Saggar-Malik AK,San Millan JL,Torra R,Breuning M,Ravine D

更新日期：1999-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The very potent endogenous vasoconstrictor endothelin was discovered in 1988. We know now that there are three isoforms (1, 2, and 3) and two receptor subtypes (A and B). A whole range of peptide and non-peptide antagonists has been developed, some selective for A or B receptors and others with non-selective A/B antag...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Benigni A,Remuzzi G

更新日期：1999-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The agent that causes variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (variant CJD) is indistinguishable from the causative agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). The transmission route by which human beings are infected has not been established. One hypothesis is that cases of variant CJD have resulted from exp...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Cousens SN,Linsell L,Smith PG,Chandrakumar M,Wilesmith JW,Knight RS,Zeidler M,Stewart G,Will RG

更新日期：1999-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:During the 1990s the focus of group B streptococcus (GBS) disease research has shifted to prevention. Increased use of intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis in North America and Australia has led to substantial declines in perinatal disease. Vaccine development (initiated two decades earlier) has yielded results--for ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Schuchat A

更新日期：1999-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been used for more than a decade to treat high blood pressure, despite the lack of data from randomised intervention trials to show that such treatment affects cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The Captopril Prevention Project (CAPPP) is a randomised ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Hansson L,Lindholm LH,Niskanen L,Lanke J,Hedner T,Niklason A,Luomanmäki K,Dahlöf B,de Faire U,Mörlin C,Karlberg BE,Wester PO,Björck JE

更新日期：1999-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In the South African province of KwaZulu Natal, 1 in 3 adults are believed to be infected with HIV; 1500 people are infected daily. According to an unpublished governmental HIV antenatal study, the incidence of HIV in the province has increased by 20% in the past year. According to a Natal University virologist who ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Baleta A

更新日期：1999-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 is responsible for the metabolism of S-warfarin. Two known allelic variants CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 differ from the wild type CYP2C9*1 by a single aminoacid substitution in each case. The allelic variants are associated with impaired hydroxylation of S-warfarin in in-vitro expression...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Aithal GP,Day CP,Kesteven PJ,Daly AK

更新日期：1999-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Delayed presentation of symptomatic breast cancer is associated with lower survival. Understanding of the factors that influence delay is important for the development of strategies to shorten delays. We did a systematic review to assess the quality and strength of evidence on risk factors for delays by pati...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Ramirez AJ,Westcombe AM,Burgess CC,Sutton S,Littlejohns P,Richards MA

更新日期：1999-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The risk factors for venous thrombosis differ from those for arterial vascular disease. During the past 5 years, knowledge about the aetiology of venous thrombosis has advanced with the discovery of several factors that contribute to the incidence of thrombosis, particularly the role of coagulation abnormalities. Thes...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Rosendaal FR

更新日期：1999-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors' previous study of 504 male workers in Mombasa, Kenya, provides further documentation of an association between urethral infection and increased shedding of HIV in semen. In this study, Trichomonas vaginalis was isolated by culture in 30 men (6%) and was the most commonly isolated urethral pathogen. Men ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Jackson DJ,Rakwar JP,Bwayo JJ,Kreiss JK,Moses S

更新日期：1997-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increased prevalence of atopic disorders in children may be associated with changes in types of childhood infections, vaccination programmes, and intestinal microflora. People who follow an anthroposophic way of life use antibiotics restrictively, have few vaccinations, and their diet usually contains live l...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Alm JS,Swartz J,Lilja G,Scheynius A,Pershagen G

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is debate about whether interferon-alpha treatment lowers the risk of progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and cirrhosis and whether any effect is limited to certain subgroups. We investigated these issues by retrospective analysis of data for 913 patients fr...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors：

更新日期：1998-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The treatment of rheumatoid arthritis should aim at clinical remission. This multicentre, randomised trial with 2-year follow-up sought evidence on the efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy (sulphasalazine, methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and prednisolone) compared with treatment with a single d...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Möttönen T,Hannonen P,Leirisalo-Repo M,Nissilä M,Kautiainen H,Korpela M,Laasonen L,Julkunen H,Luukkainen R,Vuori K,Paimela L,Blåfield H,Hakala M,Ilva K,Yli-Kerttula U,Puolakka K,Järvinen P,Hakola M,Piirainen H,Ahone

更新日期：1999-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We aimed to assess audio-computer-assisted self-interviewing (audio-CASI) as a method of reducing under-reporting of HIV risk behaviour among injecting drug users. METHODS:Injecting drug users were interviewed at syringe-exchange programmes in four US cities. Potential respondents were randomly selected fro...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Des Jarlais DC,Paone D,Milliken J,Turner CF,Miller H,Gribble J,Shi Q,Hagan H,Friedman SR

更新日期：1999-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The immune system's ability to scavenge and destroy detrimental HIV-1 products has an important effect on virion production and the course of infection. In earlier trials of therapeutic immunisation with envelope protein recombinant gp160 (rgp160) we observed a transient positive effect on CD4-lymphocyte cou...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Sandström E,Wahren B

更新日期：1999-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Little is known about the long-term efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated the efficacy of inhaled budesonide on decline in lung function and respiratory symptoms in a 3-year placebo-controlled study of patients with COPD. METHODS:We used a paral...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Vestbo J,Sørensen T,Lange P,Brix A,Torre P,Viskum K

更新日期：1999-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Most comparisons of antihypertensive drugs are undertaken in parallel groups. We undertook a crossover rotation of the four main classes of antihypertensive drugs, in untreated young hypertensive patients, to assess the response rate with monotherapy achieved by a systematic rotation. METHODS:56 patients, m...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Dickerson JE,Hingorani AD,Ashby MJ,Palmer CR,Brown MJ

更新日期：1999-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Parathyroidectomy is unsuccessful in 10-30% of uraemic patients operated on for secondary hyperparathyroidism. We investigated the usefulness of preoperative radionuclide imaging, with simultaneous recording of the distribution images of iodine-123 and technetium-99m-labelled sestamibi. METHODS:11 patients ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Hindié E,Urenã P,Jeanguillaume C,Mellière D,Berthelot JM,Menoyo-Calonge V,Chiappini-Briffa D,Janin A,Galle P

更新日期：1999-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Surgical patients randomly assigned to standard pain control had postoperative subcutaneous oxygen partial pressures that were significantly less than patients given better pain treatment. Our data suggest that control of postoperative pain is a major determinant of surgical-wound infection and should be given the sam...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Akça O,Melischek M,Scheck T,Hellwagner K,Arkiliç CF,Kurz A,Kapral S,Heinz T,Lackner FX,Sessler DI

更新日期：1999-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Platelet dysfunction is a major cause of excessive microvascular bleeding after cardiac surgery. A new point-of-care test (hemoSTATUS) can identify patients at risk of excessive bleeding. We aimed to find out whether patients who can benefit from desmopressin during cardiac surgery can be identified by this ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Despotis GJ,Levine V,Saleem R,Spitznagel E,Joist JH

更新日期：1999-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined chemotherapy for early breast cancer with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil has low associated mortality, but related deaths were seen among women aged 65 years or older in International Breast Cancer Study Group trials. ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Colleoni M,Price KN,Castiglione-Gertsch M,Gelber RD,Coates AS,Goldhirsch A

更新日期：1999-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic resonance scans on patients with non-specific arm pain (repetitive strain injury) show reduced median-nerve movement in the carpal tunnel, suggesting that this common condition may involve nerve entrapment. ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Greening J,Smart S,Leary R,Hall-Craggs M,O'Higgins P,Lynn B

更新日期：1999-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We developed a 30 m walking test as a quantifiable measure of severity of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), which will be of use in determining the effects of decompressive surgical treatment. METHODS:Preoperative measurements were made in 41 patients with CSM of 30 m walking times, number of steps tak...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Singh A,Crockard HA

更新日期：1999-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Differences in QT dispersion (a predictor for sudden death) were observed in a subgroup of patients in the ELITE heart failure study of losartan compared with captopril, and may explain improved survival with losartan. ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Brooksby P,Robinson PJ,Segal R,Klinger G,Pitt B,Cowley AJ

更新日期：1999-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:For more than 20 years, moderately raised concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) have been associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic vascular events but only recently has evidence mounted to suggest that the association may be causal. The association is independent of other factors, it is fairly consi...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Hankey GJ,Eikelboom JW

更新日期：1999-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in infants worldwide. We assessed the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a live, oral human rotavirus vaccine, 89-12, in US children in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind multicentre trial. METHODS:215 healthy infants were ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Bernstein DI,Sack DA,Rothstein E,Reisinger K,Smith VE,O'Sullivan D,Spriggs DR,Ward RL

更新日期：1999-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:After a drought and famine, overconsumption of the drought-tolerant grasspea triggered an epidemic of neurodegenerative neurolathyrism in Northeast Ethiopia. Environmental, nutritional, and medical factors seem to affect the susceptibility. ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Getahun H,Mekonnen A,TekleHaimanot R,Lambein F

更新日期：1999-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Reliable prognostic factors are lacking for multiple sclerosis (MS). Gadolinium enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain detects with high sensitivity disturbance of the blood-brain barrier, an early event in the development of inflammatory lesions in MS. To investigate the prognostic val...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Kappos L,Moeri D,Radue EW,Schoetzau A,Schweikert K,Barkhof F,Miller D,Guttmann CR,Weiner HL,Gasperini C,Filippi M

更新日期：1999-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of Chinese herbal remedies is increasing in the UK. We report the presence of a nephrotoxic compound in herb samples, which led to end-stage renal failure in two patients. We suggest that use of these products is regulated more tightly. ...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Lord GM,Tagore R,Cook T,Gower P,Pusey CD

更新日期：1999-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Ulcerative colitis has been suggested to be caused by infection and there is circumstantial evidence linking Escherichia coli with the condition. Our aim was to find out whether the administration of a non-pathogenic strain of E. coli (Nissle 1917) was as effective as mesalazine in preventing relapse of ulce...

journal_title：Lancet (London, England)

authors： Rembacken BJ,Snelling AM,Hawkey PM,Chalmers DM,Axon AT

更新日期：1999-08-21 00:00:00