Abstract:
:The combined trends of urban heat island (UHI) intensification and global warming led to an increased tendency towards on the greening of cities as a tool for UHI mitigation. Our study examines the range of research approaches and findings regarding the role of green roofs in mitigating urban heat and enhancing human comfort. This review provides an overview of 89 studies conducted in three main climate types (hot-humid, temperate, and dry), from 2000 till 2020. All of the reviewed studies confirm the cooling effect of green roofs and its contribution to reduced heat island intensity regardless of the background climatic condition. However, dry climate has the highest (3 °C) median cooling effect of green roofs among all the climates investigated. Hot-humid climate presents the lowest cooling potential (median = 1 °C) of green roofs among all the climate types. Moreover, green roofs contribute a median surface temperature reduction of 30 °C in hot-humid cities. This value is relatively low for temperate climates (28 °C). Notably, no study has examined the impact of green roofs on surface temperature reduction in dry climates. This review can benefit urban planners and various stakeholders.
journal_name
Sci Total Environjournal_title
The Science of the total environmentauthors
Jamei E,Chau HW,Seyedmahmoudian M,Stojcevski Adoi
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148407keywords:
["Climatic condition","Green roof","Heat mitigation strategies","Urban heat island","Urban planning"]subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-10-15 00:00:00pages
148407eissn
0048-9697issn
1879-1026pii
S0048-9697(21)03478-1journal_volume
791pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
文献大全abstract::Properties of mixtures of compounds exhibiting estrogenic potential have been questioned in the past. Synergistic effects of endocrine disrupters have been proposed, but could never be confirmed. In this study, the transactivational potential of xenoestrogens and phytoestrogens has been evaluated in a yeast test syste...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)80018-7
更新日期:1999-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were (a) to assess blood cadmium (B-Cd) concentrations and to establish a tentative reference interval; (b) to identify significant determinants of B-Cd, in a population from Umbria, Central Italy, which was not occupationally exposed to cadmium (Cd). Four hundred and thirty-four healthy blood-d...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00373-8
更新日期:1999-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::A study was made of the concentrations of the elements As, Cd, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in the sediments and biota of two adjacent estuaries, the Orwell and Stour, in eastern England. The Orwell Estuary, with its urbanized head, was more contaminated with heavy metals than the Stour Estuary. Generally, in both estuar...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00383-0
更新日期:1999-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Distribution of 137Cs activity concentration has been measured in soils from 19 Hungarian counties. The levels of soil contamination in Hungary after the Chernobyl fallout are sufficient to study the vertical distribution of the 137Cs under natural conditions. Samples were taken layer by layer on plain, grassy and unc...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00017-0
更新日期:1999-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::The Newark Bay Complex includes the Newark Bay, tidal portions of the Hackensack River, Passaic River, Arthur Kill, and Kill van Kull. It is a highly industrialized urban area including five counties and more than 20 local governments with a large racially-mixed population of more than 3 million people. In 1982, resea...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00048-0
更新日期:1999-04-05 00:00:00
abstract::Levels of organochlorine contaminants in blood of northern fur seal (Callorhinus ursinus) pups and the blood and milk of their dams early in the lactation period are reported here. The contaminants included 15 selected individual polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and DDT metabolites identified through high-perf...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00094-7
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The total suspended particle (TSP), PM2.5-10 (aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns) and PM2.5 concentration (aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns) concentrations were sampled by PS-1 and Universal sampler on the roof (25 m) of the Medical and Engineering Building in the campus of Hungkuang Institute of Tech...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00092-3
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In May 1997 the MRC Institute for Environment and Health hosted an expert, multidisciplinary workshop on the ecological effects of endocrine disruption, focusing on reproductive function, to identify research priorities. Particular objectives were to discuss the potential for effects at organisational levels higher th...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00224-7
更新日期:1999-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that marine predators be assessed for biologically relevant contamination levels because of their trophic position. Accordingly, in studying radioactive contamination in the marine environment around the UK, tissues from seals and porpoises have been chosen. Liver and muscle tissue from dead seal...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00118-7
更新日期:1999-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::MetPLATE, a microbial toxicity test which is specific for heavy metal toxicity, was used to rapidly determine the heavy metal binding capacity (HMBC) of a wide range of surface waters from Florida and Georgia. HMBC determines the impact of physicochemical factors on metal bioavailability and toxicity. The new develope...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00169-2
更新日期:1999-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Pollutant emissions and fuel consumption of passenger cars are usually assessed as a function of average as a function of average speed. Nevertheless a number of attempts were made to take into account the driving pattern using emission vs. instantaneous speed and acceleration models. Five quite similar models were de...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00202-8
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1995, a petroleum marketer introduced a diesel fuel additive in the UK containing Mn as MMT (methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl). A small study of personal exposures to airborne Mn in London was conducted before and after introduction of the additive to identify any major impact of the additive on exposur...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00201-6
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper defines a specific Air Quality Index (AQI) introduced to evaluate the general trend of air quality within the elaboration of air quality management plans and discusses its application in the Trento (Italy) plan. ...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00242-9
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assess the capability of lead isotopes to study the transport of pollution aerosols above the Straits of Dover by collecting atmospheric aerosols above the Eastern Channel and the Southern Bight of the North Sea. During the same period, we characterized the lead isotopic signature of the main industrial sources on ...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00286-7
更新日期:1999-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Some general facts, uncertainties and gaps in current knowledge of Hg cycling in coastal and oceanic environments are given. As a case study the Gulf of Trieste is chosen. The Gulf is subject to substantial Hg pollution, originating from the Soca river, that drains the cinnabar deposits of the world's second largest H...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00123-0
更新日期:1999-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations following five international expeditions to the Kara Sea have shown that no radiologically significant contamination has occurred outside of the dumping sites in Novaya Zemlya bays. Increased levels of radionuclides in sediment have only been observed in Abrosimov and Stepovoy Bays very close to dumped ...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00133-3
更新日期:1999-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::A dispersion of radionuclides (3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, 239Pu) potentially released from the Mururoa and Fangataufa atolls through the South Pacific Ocean has been studied by means of computer models. The models used consisted of three differently structured compartmental models for the regional field and a hydrodynamic world...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00144-8
更新日期:1999-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::More than 660 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired over the southern Baltic Sea, the North Sea, and the Gulf of Lion in the Mediterranean Sea by the Second European Remote Sensing Satellite (ERS-2) have been analyzed since December 1996 with respect to radar signatures of marine pollution and other phenomena...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00156-4
更新日期:1999-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::The technique of diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) has been trialed in two river systems for in situ trace metal speciation measurements. This paper presents results for cadmium, copper and manganese concentrations in fresh and estuarine waters and demonstrates for the first time the effectiveness of using DGT t...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00304-6
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the impact on fauna of the release of toxic waste from the tailings dam operated by the Boliden Apirsa S.L company at Aznalcóllar, Seville (Spain) a study was carried out of total and inorganic arsenic contents in 164 samples from six different estuary species, including molluscs, crustaceans and fish, col...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00399-x
更新日期:1999-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term liming (1980-1991) of an acidified lake (Lake Terjevann) in the southernmost part of Norway, show an increased accumulation of Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn in the sediments which clearly corresponds with the liming history. The increased precipitation of Al, Fe and Mn are ascribed to extended formation of oxyh...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00366-6
更新日期:1999-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::In order to properly evaluate the results of the occupational biomonitoring of chemicals it is necessary to establish reference values for the biomarkers of exposure. The aim of this study was to determine the reference values for methanol in urine of the general population non-occupationally exposed to the xenobiotic...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00359-9
更新日期:1999-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle, liver, and kidney tissues from 100 polar bears (Ursus maritimus), caught in the Avanersuaq area, north-west Greenland, and Ittoqqortoormiit area, central-east Greenland, were analysed for zinc, cadmium, mercury and selenium. The zinc concentrations in muscle and liver were higher than in kidney. Mean zinc conc...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00431-3
更新日期:2000-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury concentrations were determined in muscle tissue of lake resident and anadromous populations of Arctic char in Greenland. Mercury in lake sediment, and in soil and humus from the surrounding area were also determined in the main localities. Fish length and dry weight were shown to be important covariables, whic...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00441-6
更新日期:2000-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Four hundred and seventy-six groundwater samples from boreholes in Norwegian crystalline bedrock have been analysed by ICP-MS techniques. The results for 53 trace elements are presented as cumulative frequency distribution diagrams and are compared with relevant international drinking water norms. A range of trace ele...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00413-1
更新日期:2000-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a comprehensive review of the mechanisms responsible for the transfer of atmospheric particulate deposition and soil particulate re-suspension onto vegetation. The nature of atmospheric aerosols and dry/wet particulate deposition are reviewed, together with information from the literature on radion...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00459-3
更新日期:2000-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidation of arsenite [As(III)] with ozone and oxygen was investigated in groundwater samples containing 46-62 micrograms/l total dissolved arsenic, 100-1130 micrograms/l Fe and 9-16 micrograms/l Mn. Conversion of As(III), which constituted over 70% of dissolved arsenic in the samples, to As(V) was fast with ozone, bu...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00470-2
更新日期:2000-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Hazard assessment constitutes an essential tool in order to evaluate the potential effects of chemical substances on organisms and ecosystems. It includes as a first step, hazard identification, which must detect the potential dangers of the substance (i.e. the kind of effects that the substance may produce), and a se...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00487-8
更新日期:2000-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::The risk assessment procedures of pesticides in the European Union are mostly based on worst-case scenarios developed for central and northern European conditions. From the point of view of Mediterranean conditions, these assessment procedures are not always appropriate, and therefore the development of specific scena...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00496-9
更新日期:2000-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfonylurea (SU), imidazolinone (IMI), and sulfonamide (SA) herbicides are new classes of low-application-rate herbicides increasingly used by farmers. Some of these herbicides affect both weed and crop species at low dosages and must be carefully used. Less is known about the effect of these compounds on non-crop pl...
journal_title:The Science of the total environment
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00537-9
更新日期:2000-04-05 00:00:00