解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::A potentiating effect of medium-chain triglycerides on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) has been observed since the 1960s. Subsequent observations identified octanoic acid (OA), the main component of medium-chain triglyceride, as the potentiator of GSIS, but the mechanism was unclear. We used wild-type (WT)...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2019.1566683
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histopathology based studies of the pancreas obtained from organ donors are increasing our awareness of islet phenotypic heterogeneity during development and aging, as well as in settings of type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, monogenic diabetes or other forms of this metabolic disease. Islet amyloidosis represents a hi...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2019.1599707
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the report of the Edmonton protocol in 2000, islet transplantation has been implemented worldwide, and xenotransplantation using porcine islets has also been reported. In addition, many basic experiments using pancreatic islets and exocrine tissue after isolation have been reported. Recently, exocrine cells have...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2018.1460294
更新日期:2018-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::The endocrine pancreas expands markedly in the first postnatal days and the insulin producing β-cells initiate a functional maturation preceded by a morphological change of the islets of Langerhans. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is a secreted peptide expressed in intestinal epithelia, where it promotes migration, but its ro...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2018.1472186
更新日期:2018-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic islet transplantation is being extensively researched as an alternative treatment for type 1 diabetic patients. This treatment is currently limited by temporal mismatch, between the availability of pancreas and isolated islets from deceased organ donor, and the recipient's need for freshly isolated islets. ...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2017.1405202
更新日期:2018-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Assessing the response of pancreatic islet cells to glucose stimulation is important for understanding β-cell function. Zebrafish are a promising model for studies of metabolism in general, including stimulus-secretion coupling in the pancreas. We used transgenic zebrafish embryos expressing a genetically-encoded Ca2+...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2018.1540234
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical islet transplantation has routinely been demonstrated to be an efficacious means of restoring glycemic control in select patients with autoimmune diabetes. Notwithstanding marked progress and improvements, the broad-spectrum application of this treatment option is restricted by the complications associated wi...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2016.1253652
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Directed differentiation of stem cells offers a scalable solution to the need for human cell models recapitulating islet biology and T2D pathogenesis. We profiled mRNA expression at 6 stages of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of endocrine pancreas development from 2 donors, and characterized the distinct...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2016.1182276
更新日期:2016-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Worldwide efforts are underway to replace or repair lost or dysfunctional pancreatic β-cells to cure diabetes. However, it is unclear what the final product of these efforts should be, as β-cells are thought to be heterogeneous. To enable the analysis of β-cell heterogeneity in an unbiased and quantitative way, we dev...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2016.1150664
更新日期:2016-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are ultimately characterized by depleted β-cell mass. Characterization of the molecular pathways that control β-cell proliferation could be harnessed to restore these cells. The homeobox β-cell transcription factor Nkx6.1 induces β-cell proliferation by activating the orphan nuclear receptor...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2015.1027854
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a variety of mammalian species, small islets secrete more insulin per volume than large islets. This difference may be due to diffusional limitations of large islets, or inherent differences in the insulin production pathways. The purpose of this study was to identify possible differences in the early phase of gluc...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2015.1129097
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor Pancreatic and Duodenal Homeobox-1 (PDX-1) plays a major role in the development and function of pancreatic β-cells and its mutation results in diabetes. In adult β-cells, glucose stimulates transcription of the insulin gene in part by regulating PDX-1 expression, stability and activity. Gluco...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/19382014.2014.982376
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent and capable of generating new β-cells, but current in vitro differentiation protocols generally fail to produce mature, glucose-responsive, unihormonal β-cells. Instead, these methods tend to produce immature polyhormonal endocrine cells which mature in vivo into gluc...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.29236
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin is secreted from the pancreatic β-cells in response to elevated glucose. In intact islets the capacity for insulin release is determined by a complex interplay between different cell types. This has made it difficult to specifically assess the role of β-cell defects to the insulin secretory impairment in type ...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.28095
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Considerable efforts have been invested to understand the mechanisms by which pro-inflammatory cytokines mediate the demise of β-cells in type 1 diabetes but much less attention has been paid to the role of anti-inflammatory cytokines as potential cytoprotective agents in these cells. Despite this, there is increasing...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/19382014.2014.950547
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with insufficient functional β-cell mass. Understanding intracellular signaling pathways associated with this decline is important in broadening our understanding of the disease and potential therapeutic strategies. The hypoxia inducible factor pathway (HIF) plays a criti...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/19382014.2015.1006075
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This commentary discusses the concept of β-cell dedifferentiation in diabetes, which is important but not well defined. A broad interpretation is that a state of differentiation has been lost, which means changes in gene expression as well as in structural and functional elements. Thus, a fully mature healthy β cell w...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/isl.27494
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To study the protective effect of a fibrin scaffold toward embedded young porcine endocrine pancreatic islets from hydrogen peroxide within the context of islet encapsulation in transplantation. METHODS:After isolation and in vitro maturation, groups of 200 young porcine islet equivalents (IEQ) were embedded in a ...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.26989
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for Type 1 diabetes; however limitations of the intra-portal site and poor revascularization of islets must be overcome. We hypothesize that engineering a highly vascularized collagen-based construct will allow islet graft survival and function in alternative sites. In th...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.27175
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently reported that human blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOEC) are supportive to reverse hyperglycemia in marginal islet mass-transplanted diabetic mice. In this report, we investigated whether the observed effect was evoked by islet packing in a blood clot prior to transplantation or could be mimicked by an...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.26778
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several lines of recent evidence provided compelling evidence to suggest increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as causal for mitochondrial dysregulation and apoptosis in islet β-cells exposed to noxious stimuli including high glucose, lipids and proinflammatory cytokines. Studies along these lines are ...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.25058
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purification process is one of the most difficult procedures in pancreatic islet isolation. It was demonstrated that the standard purification method using a COBE 2991 cell processor with Ficoll density gradient solution harmed islets mechanically by high shear force. We reported that purification using large bott...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.23008
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 39-y-old man, who had an episode of pancreatic bleeding due to chronic pancreatitis, received total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TP with IAT). Intraoperative ultrasound (US) examination was done to detect transplanted islets and evaluate the quality of US imaging. Islet isolation from the resecte...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.22384
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A growing body of evidence implicates essential roles for small molecular weight G-proteins (e.g., Cdc42, Rac1, Arf6 and Rab3A and Rab27A) in islet β-cell function including glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). One of the known mechanisms for optimal activation of small G-proteins involves post-translational p...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.22538
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome (MS) can be defined as a group of signs that increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). These signs include obesity, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. We are interested in the mechanisms that trigger hyperinsulinemia as a step to understand how β cells fail in DM2. Pancr...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.21374
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Costimulation blockade is an effective way to prevent allograft rejection. In this study, we tested the efficacy of two negative co-signaling molecules in protecting islet allograft function. We used local expression of B7-H4 by adenoviral transduction of islets (Ad-B7-H4) and systemic administration of CTLA-4.Ig to i...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.21239
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The islets of Langerhans, ranging in size from clusters of a few cells to several thousand cells, are scattered near large blood vessels. While the β-cell mass in mammals is proportional to body weight, the size ranges of islets are similar between species with different body sizes, possibly reflecting an optimal func...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4161/isl.18660
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Reg3 peptides INGAP-PP and human Reg3α/β (HIP) have been hypothesized to stimulate β-cell neogenesis in the pancreas. Administration of INGAP-PP has been shown to cause an increase in β-cell mass in multiple animal models, reverse streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in mice and reduces HbA1c levels in type 2 dia...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.18659
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the TGFß superfamily, including activins and TGFß, modulate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in vitro using rat islets while genetic manipulations that reduce TGFß superfamily signaling in vivo in mice produced hypoplastic islets and/or hyperglycemia. Moreover, deletion of Fstl3, an antagonist of...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.3.6.18013
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many studies have evaluated whether there are characteristics related to pancreas donors and the islet isolation process that can influence pancreatic islet yield. However, this analysis has not yet been performed in Brazil, one of the world leaders in whole pancreas organ transplantation (WOPT), where pancr...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.3.6.17908
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies extend the concept of developmental and adaptive plasticity to include a paternal role in the programming of metabolic disease, including diabetes. Parents greatly influence the development and health of their offspring. Although genetic imprinting plays a major role in determining offspring health outc...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.3.3.15420
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inactivation of the gene encoding the aristaless-related homeodomain transcription factor Alx3 results in islet cell apoptosis and impaired glucose homeostasis that worsens with age due to the appearance of insulin resistance. Alx3-deficient mice also show extrapancreatic developmental defects with variable penetrance...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.3.2.14658
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic islet dysfunction is a key element in the development of type 2 diabetes. Determining possible early warning signs of dysfunction is thus important to determining the underlying causes of diabetes. We describe an improved fluorescent imaging approach to detect potential islet dysfunction. Using Cell Tracker...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.3.1.14133
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes (T1DM and T2DM) is characterized by a deficit in β-cell mass. A broader understanding of human β-cell replication mechanism is thus important to increase β-cell proliferation for future therapeutic interventions. Here, we show that p27 (Kip1), a CDK inhibitor, is expressed abundantly in isolated adult human i...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.3.1.14435
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sophistication of intracellular Ca ( 2+) signalling reflects the necessity for the many different types of cells to fine tuning their specific activities. This can, at least in part, be explained by the molecular complexity of the Ca ( 2+) signalling machinery, consisting of different intracellular Ca ( 2+) releas...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.2.6.13859
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The total mass of pancreatic islet cells is a critical factor in glucose metabolic control. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether in the Munich Wistar Frömter (MWF) rat, beside a reduction in the number of nephrons, there are also alterations in the number of pancreatic islets and of β cell mass. We ...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.2.5.13178
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The members of the Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) protein family mainly modulate the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 have already been shown to influence growth and apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells. We hypothesized that SOCS-2, which is e...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.2.4.12556
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet replacement is a promising approach for type-1 diabetes treatment, but the shortage of organ donors demands new sources of β-cells. The use of stem/precursor cells may represent an attractive alternative. Islet-derived stem/precursor cells (hIPC) have been isolated from human islet preparations, but neither thei...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.2.3.11449
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously identified two genes, encoding lactate dehydrogenase (Ldha) and the monocarboxylate carrier, MCT1 (Slc16a1) whose expression is remarkably low in pancreatic β-cells and islets. We sought here to determine whether these may be part of a larger family of genes selectively repressed ("disallowed") in t...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.2.2.11025
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:AIMS/ HYPOTHESIS: Caspase-3 is a main effector caspase of the apoptotic cascade. Involvement of caspase-3 has been implicated in a β cell cloned cell line from type 1 diabetic subjects and in isolated islets from type 2 diabetic subjects. RESULTS:The control islets revealed cleaved caspase-3 positive cells ...
journal_title:Islets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4161/isl.2.1.10041
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00