Maternal mortality in the former east Germany before and after reunification: changes in risk by marital status.

abstract：:On 1 April the Department of Health introduced the mandatory collection of data on the ethnic group of patients admitted to hospital. Its coding was based on a national minimum standard for classifying ethnic groups, ostensibly using the categories in the 1991 census. In the census, however, one in four people from et...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Aspinall PJ

更新日期：1995-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between conflicts of interest and favourable recommendations in clinical guidelines, advisory committee reports, opinion pieces, and narrative reviews. DESIGN:Systematic review. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:Studies that compared the association between conflicts of interest and favour...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nejstgaard CH,Bero L,Hróbjartsson A,Jørgensen AW,Jørgensen KJ,Le M,Lundh A

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:According to a London physician, women with epilepsy taking antiepileptic drugs can take combined oral contraceptives (OCs). It is usual to recommend a combined OC preparation containing at least 50 mcg of estrogen (Ovran) from patients taking enzyme-inducing antiepileptic drugs; this can be increased to 60 mcg by ta...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： O'Brien MD,Gilmour-White S

更新日期：1993-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare incidences of perinatal mortality and severe perinatal morbidity between low risk term pregnancies supervised in primary care by a midwife and high risk pregnancies supervised in secondary care by an obstetrician. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study using aggregated data from a national perinatal regi...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Evers AC,Brouwers HA,Hukkelhoven CW,Nikkels PG,Boon J,van Egmond-Linden A,Hillegersberg J,Snuif YS,Sterken-Hooisma S,Bruinse HW,Kwee A

更新日期：2010-11-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the facilities for inpatient care of mentally disordered people in prison. DESIGN:Semistructured inspections conducted by doctor and nurse. Expected standards were based on healthcare quality standards published by the Prison Service or the NHS. SETTING:13 prisons with inpatient beds in Engla...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Reed JL,Lyne M

更新日期：2000-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the intrinsic effects of individually prescribed homoeopathic medicines. DESIGN:Randomised double blind placebo controlled study. SETTING:Paediatric outpatient department of university hospital. PATIENTS:175 children with frequently recurring upper respiratory tract infections. Of the 170 ch...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： de Lange de Klerk ES,Blommers J,Kuik DJ,Bezemer PD,Feenstra L

更新日期：1994-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the direct and indirect effects of being a twin, maternal smoking, birth weight, and mother's height on blood pressure at ages 9 and 18 years. DESIGN:Longitudinal study. SUBJECTS:Cohort born in 1972-3. SETTING:Dunedin, New Zealand. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Blood pressure at ages 9 and 18 years. RES...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Williams S,Poulton R

更新日期：1999-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate socioeconomic variation among young women in the risk of hospital admission for diseases (including neoplasms) of the female genital system and breast and for the common surgical procedures of dilatation and curettage and hysterectomy. DESIGN:Large nationally representative cohort study with i...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kuh D,Stirling S

更新日期：1995-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent growth in the numbers of published systematic reviews reflects growing recognition of their importance for improving knowledge about the effects of health care. In Britain the NHS R&D Programme has established two centres to prepare systematic reviews of existing information, and the Cochrane Collaboration-...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Chalmers I,Haynes B

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether, according to the conclusions of a 2000 systematic review with meta-analysis on interventions to prevent pain from propofol injection that provided a research agenda to guide further research on the topic, subsequently published trials were more often optimally blinded, reported on children...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Habre C,Tramèr MR,Pöpping DM,Elia N

更新日期：2014-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of severe psychological trauma --that is, post-traumatic stress disorder--in children involved in everyday road traffic accidents. DESIGN:12 month prospective study. SETTING:Accident and emergency department, Royal United Hospital, Bath. SUBJECTS:119 children aged 5-18 years inv...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Stallard P,Velleman R,Baldwin S

更新日期：1998-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Several forces have resulted in the creation in Tayside of the first formally integrated unit of undergraduate and postgraduate education in general practice in the United Kingdom. Forces that helped this integration included the desire for change, national developments in education, financial support through funds se...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bain J,Scott R,Snadden D

更新日期：1995-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of two peritendinous autologous blood injections in addition to a standardised eccentric calf strengthening programme in improving pain and function in patients with mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. DESIGN:Single centre, participant and single assessor blinded, parallel group, r...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bell KJ,Fulcher ML,Rowlands DS,Kerse N

更新日期：2013-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To measure the impact of socioeconomic deprivation on rates of teenage pregnancy and the extent of local variation in pregnancy rates in Scotland, and to examine how both have changed over time. DESIGN:Population study using routine data from hospital records, aggregated for small areas. SUBJECTS:Female te...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： McLeod A

更新日期：2001-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the effectiveness of an early switch to oral antibiotics with the standard 7 day course of intravenous antibiotics in severe community acquired pneumonia. DESIGN:Multicentre randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Five teaching hospitals and 2 university medical centres in the Netherlands. PARTICI...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Oosterheert JJ,Bonten MJ,Schneider MM,Buskens E,Lammers JW,Hustinx WM,Kramer MH,Prins JM,Slee PH,Kaasjager K,Hoepelman AI

更新日期：2006-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The studies reviewed here show that the duration and severity of individual episodes of back pain can be lessened, reducing recurrences and their cost in terms of suffering and lost work. Frank examines differential diagnosis; acute, chronic, and intractable pain; and service implications. Modern management emphasises...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Frank A

更新日期：1993-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish the extent to which systematic reviews and meta-analyses of individual participant data (IPD) are being used to inform the recommendations included in published clinical guidelines. DESIGN:Descriptive study. SETTING:Database maintained by the Cochrane IPD Meta-analysis Methods Group, supplement...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Vale CL,Rydzewska LH,Rovers MM,Emberson JR,Gueyffier F,Stewart LA,Cochrane IPD Meta-analysis Methods Group.

更新日期：2015-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the impact of skin surgery in general practice on the workload of a pathology laboratory and to identify what further training might be helpful. DESIGN:Analysis of skin biopsy specimens from general practitioners before and after their new contract to determine numbers of specimens, changes in diagn...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cox NH,Wagstaff R,Popple AW

更新日期：1992-01-11 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES: To determine whether late mortality after sepsis is driven predominantly by pre-existing comorbid disease or is the result of sepsis itself. DEIGN: Observational cohort study. SETTING: US Health and Retirement Study. PARTICIPANTS: 960 patients aged ≥65 (1998-2010) with fee-for-service Medicare coverage w...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Prescott HC,Osterholzer JJ,Langa KM,Angus DC,Iwashyna TJ

更新日期：2016-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the cost effectiveness of cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX 2) selective inhibitors and traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and the addition of proton pump inhibitors to these treatments, for people with osteoarthritis. DESIGN:An economic evaluation using a Markov model and data ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Latimer N,Lord J,Grant RL,O'Mahony R,Dickson J,Conaghan PG,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence Osteoarthritis Guideline Development Group.

更新日期：2009-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate risk of late life coronary heart disease associated with being overweight in late middle or old age and to assess whether weight change modifies this risk. DESIGN:Longitudinal study of subjects in the epidemiological follow up study of the national health and nutrition examination survey I. SETT...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Harris TB,Launer LJ,Madans J,Feldman JJ

更新日期：1997-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify major concerns of national and local importance in the provision, commissioning, research, and use of generalist end of life care. DESIGN:A national consultation and prioritising exercise using a modified form of the nominal group technique. PARTICIPANTS:Healthcare practitioners, commissioners, ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Shipman C,Gysels M,White P,Worth A,Murray SA,Barclay S,Forrest S,Shepherd J,Dale J,Dewar S,Peters M,White S,Richardson A,Lorenz K,Koffman J,Higginson IJ

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between tea drinking habits in Golestan province, northern Iran, and risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. In addition, patterns of tea drinking and temperature at which tea was drunk were measured among healthy participants in...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Islami F,Pourshams A,Nasrollahzadeh D,Kamangar F,Fahimi S,Shakeri R,Abedi-Ardekani B,Merat S,Vahedi H,Semnani S,Abnet CC,Brennan P,Møller H,Saidi F,Dawsey SM,Malekzadeh R,Boffetta P

更新日期：2009-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To discover if there is an association between respiratory tract infections and pericoronitis of erupting third molars in young adults. DESIGN:Data from male military conscripts' medical records were collected over five years and the incidence of respiratory tract infection before and after acute pericoronit...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Meurman JH,Rajasuo A,Murtomaa H,Savolainen S

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IgG4 related disease was recognized as a unified disease entity only 15 years ago. Awareness of IgG4 related disease has increased worldwide since then, and specialists are now familiar with most of its clinical manifestations. Involvement of the pancreato-biliary tract, retroperitoneum/aorta, head and neck, and saliv...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Lanzillotta M,Mancuso G,Della-Torre E

更新日期：2020-06-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine patient, institution, and machine characteristics that contribute to variation in radiation doses used for computed tomography (CT). DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Data were assembled and analyzed from the University of California San Francisco CT International Dose Registry. PARTICI...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Smith-Bindman R,Wang Y,Chu P,Chung R,Einstein AJ,Balcombe J,Cocker M,Das M,Delman BN,Flynn M,Gould R,Lee RK,Yellen-Nelson T,Schindera S,Seibert A,Starkey J,Suntharalingam S,Wetter A,Wildberger JE,Miglioretti DL

更新日期：2019-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe mortality by suicide and other causes of death in a group of patients who attempted suicide, and to identify predictive factors. DESIGN:10 year follow up study based on records of suicide attempters in 1980. SETTING:Poisoning treatment centre at a general hospital. SUBJECTS:974 patients aged 15...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nordentoft M,Breum L,Munck LK,Nordestgaard AG,Hunding A,Laursen Bjaeldager PA

更新日期：1993-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the risk of bias associated with missing outcome data in systematic reviews. DESIGN:Imputation study. SETTING:Systematic reviews. POPULATION:100 systematic reviews that included a group level meta-analysis with a statistically significant effect on a patient important dichotomous efficacy outcome...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kahale LA,Khamis AM,Diab B,Chang Y,Lopes LC,Agarwal A,Li L,Mustafa RA,Koujanian S,Waziry R,Busse JW,Dakik A,Schünemann HJ,Hooft L,Scholten RJ,Guyatt GH,Akl EA

更新日期：2020-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the extent of uptake of medication for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in older British men and women before (1998-2001) and after (2003) the implementation of the national service framework. DESIGN:Two population based, longitudinal studies of men and women aged 60-79 in 1998-2001,...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Ramsay SE,Whincup PH,Lawlor DA,Papacosta O,Lennon LT,Thomas MC,Ebrahim S,Morris RW

更新日期：2006-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A US organization, Population Action International, is reported in this article to have released findings on the health risks for women in 118 countries. Countries are ranked on 10 indicators, including such indicators as the number of births to women aged under 19 years, the availability of legal abortion, maternal ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Dillner L

更新日期：1995-07-15 00:00:00