Abstract：
:1. The present brief review examines some of the new developments in the area of circadian rhythm research. 2. The discovery of the mouse clock and m-per genes and their similarity to other clock genes like per and tim has provided new insight into the control of rhythms in vertebrates. In mice, these genes are expressed in the site of the biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), and so will now become a focus of research into the generation of rhythmicity. 3. Because SCN cells expressing endogenous rhythms have a periodicity different from 24 h, there must be mechanisms in place to reset the rhythms on a daily basis. This is achieved in mammals by retinal light perception and neural transmission through several discrete pathways to the SCN. 4. The nature of the neurotransmitters involved in this transfer of environmental information to the timing system is controversial and may even very between similar species but, in the rat, there is compelling evidence that a serotonergic pathway is pre-eminent in mediating the effects of light. How the re-setting is achieved at the cellular level is not known.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Kennaway DJdoi
10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02168.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-10-01 00:00:00pages
862-5issue
10eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:1. The role of the arterial and cardiac baroreceptors on the arginine vasopressin (AVP) and plasma renin activity (PRA) responses to haemorrhage was studied in conscious rabbits. They were bled at a rate of approximately 3% of their blood volume (BV)/min, both when the autonomic nervous system (ANS) was intact and dur...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1992.tb00412.x
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of ouabain and acetazolamide on the secretion of pancreatic juice stimulated by secretin in anaesthetized dogs were investigated. 2. Intra-arterial injection of ouabain (1-10 micrograms) and acetazolamide (1-10 mg) caused dose-dependent decreases in the volume of pancreatic juice. When both drugs were a...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01538.x
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The activation of inactive renin during incubation of human plasma with puff adder venom at pH 7.4 was found to be a complex process. Gel filtration on Sephacryl S-200 indicated that the venom contains a major peak of caseinolytic and renin-activating activity of low molecular weight. This enzyme was a metalloproteina...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1980.tb00112.x
更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Activation of bulbospinal neurons projecting from the C1 area of the rostral ventrolateral medulla evokes a pressor response. The nature of the neurotransmitters involved in mediating this response at spinal cord level has not been established. 2. Amino acid antagonists were introduced into the spinal subarachnoid ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01056.x
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ventilation to one lobe of lung was reduced in anaesthetized open-chest cats and dogs to simulate the ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatching of chronic lung disease. Blood flow to this lobe fell less than ventilation; thus lobar V/Q diminished. In seven cats almitrine (0.5 mg/kg + 10 micrograms/kg per min, i.v.) caus...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00926.x
更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The role of cardiac reflexes in baroreflex control mechanisms and the changes that occur in chronic hypertension is reviewed. The rapid resetting properties of the arterial baroreceptors ensures its role in short-term rather than long-term control of blood pressure. 2. In hypertensive humans and animals, the barore...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02448.x
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect and safety profile of latanoprost (Xalatan) with its generic variant, Glautan (Unipharm, Tel Aviv, Israel). After 1 and 4 weeks of treatment, a randomized, prospective, cross-over comparison was carried out that included patients with open-angle glaucoma or oc...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12329
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of prolonged prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) administration on the function of the foetal kidneys and lungs in order to gain a greater understanding of the role played by PGE2 in the control of foetal fluid balance. By studying the effects of PGE2 at two gestational...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02157.x
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Animal and human studies indicate that female sex hormones are protective against the development of coronary atherosclerosis. 2. Experiments on vascular smooth muscle cells suggest a direct effect of oestrogen on vascular tissue. Although oestrogen receptors (ER) in vascular tissues and an association between ER s...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02775.x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness and reliability of a portable indirect calorimeter (Metavine; Vine, Tokyo, Japan). 2. We measured energy expenditure (EE) of elderly people (n = 191) at nursing homes using both Metavine and an authorized indirect calorimeter (Deltatrac Metabolic Monitor; ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.29.s4.6.x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Initial unsuccessful attempts to evaluate ventricular function in terms of the 'heart as a pump' led to focusing on the 'heart as a muscle' and to the concept of myocardial contractility. However, no clinically ideal index exists to assess the contractile state. The aim of the present study was to develop a mathema...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.04282.x
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Nineteen-day old rats were fed an essential fatty acid deficient diet for 37 weeks, thereby making them essential fatty acid deficient for at least 24 weeks. The weights of their brains were 33% less than those of rats on control diets. 2. When the deficient rats were rehabilitated for ten weeks on a diet containin...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1979.tb00022.x
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Recent reports have described the role of osteocalcin in glucose metabolism and glycaemic variability has been proven to be associated with an increased risk of diabetes complications. However, the relationship between osteocalcin and glycaemic variability remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to examin...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2010.05463.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb01869.x
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of isoprenaline on the pressure-flow relationships in the peripheral circulation were studied in five anaesthetized dogs during right heart bypass procedures. 2. Isoprenaline (1 mug/kg per min) produced a significant drop in arterial pressure and arterial resistance. 3. There was a significant decrease ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1975.tb01833.x
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Mast cells cultured from human peripheral blood have been used as a cell model for functional studies of human mast cells, particularly human lung mast cells. However, the beta-adrenoceptor subtype expressed by these cultured cells has not been identified. The aim of the present study was to characterize pharmacolo...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04435.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The combined administration of metronidazole and ampicillin increased faecal weights by 198% in normal male subjects on controlled diets with constant energy, protein and dietary fibre content. Intestinal transit times were unaltered despite marked increase in faecal weights. ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1984.tb00866.x
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension developed within 5 weeks in uninephrectomized rats administered deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA, 30 mg/kg, s.c., weekly) and given isotonic saline to drink. Chronic dietary administration of tryptophan (50 g/kg food) reduced intake of saline solution and prevented the elevation of systolic blood pressur...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb02380.x
更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02240.x
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-pinene (α-pinene) is an organic compound, found in the oils of many species of coniferous trees, especially pine. α-Pinene reportedly has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, its effects on osteoblasts are unknown. This study investigated the effects of α-pinene on osteoblast differentiation an...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.13245
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Altered calcium regulation has been observed in experimental and human hypertension. In this study erythrocyte (RBC) intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was compared in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their normotensive controls (WKY) at rest and after injection of the dihydropyridine ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01068.x
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. There are hundreds of commercially available microcomputer statistics packages, ranging from the very cheap and elementary to the very expensive and complex, and from the very general to the very specialized. This review covers only those that appear to be popular with biomedical investigators who deal with fairly ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02335.x
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The field of extracellular nucleotides and purinoceptors has undergone a resurgence of interest and enthusiasm in the past decade. More and more investigators are probing the physiological and pathophysiological roles of P2 receptors in virtually every organ system, including the kidney. 2. With this renewed intere...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03450.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is an important contributor to tissue damage and has been shown to be attenuated by preconditioning (PC) in some animal models. A recent report has suggested that the forearm can be used for the study of this phenomenon in humans. We aimed to reproduce and further characterize this...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04163.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Ethionine administered acutely to the adult female rat markedly elevates and then lowers plasma iron concentration over several days. Liver iron undergoes a reverse cycle. 2. Ethionine does not cause changes in the blood parameters, including total plasma iron-binding capacity and plasma iron clearance. Erythrocyte...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1975.tb01851.x
更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenol in red wine, exhibits cardioprotective effects in vitro, such as inhibition of angiotensin II- or phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in rat neonatal myocyte cultures and suppression of cardiac fibroblast proliferation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05231.x
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Capillary permeability (CP) is elevated in late normal pregnancy, when compared to postpartum values. In women with pregnancy associated hypertension (PAH), pregnancy CP levels are not different from postpartum and are less than in normal pregnancy. These changes in capillary permeability are not explained by alterati...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1983.tb00210.x
更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment for pulmonary fibrosis. Emodin, a component in Chinese herbs, has been shown to have an antifibrotic effect on pancreatic fibrosis and liver fibrosis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that emodin may attenuate the development of pulmonary fibrosis. 2. Mice...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05048.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the context of the ongoing debate on the mechanism of blood pressure (BP) regulation and pathophysiology of arterial hypertension ("renocentric" vs "neural" concepts), attention is focused on the putative regulatory role of changes in renal medullary blood flow (MBF). Experimental evidence is analysed with regard t...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.13303
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. mu-Opioid receptor agonists mediate their central analgesic effects by actions on neurons within brain regions such as the mid-brain periaqueductal grey (PAG). Within the PAG, mu-opioid receptor-mediated analgesia results from inhibition of GABAergic influences on output projection neurons. We have established that...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03291.x
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
