Abstract:
:1. The present review reports some of the earliest physiological changes that occur in the diabetic retina prior to any clinical or anatomical changes in an animal model of diabetes. 2. Using chemically induced diabetes (by streptozotocin) in rats, retinal blood flow and vitreal and retinal oxygen tension were determined after 5 weeks of sustained hyperglycaemia. Blood flow was greater and was also redistributed in the diabetic group compared with values for the control group. At the same time, oxygen tension distribution was altered around retinal arterioles, implying an increase in retinal oxygen consumption in these early diabetic retinas. 3. The possibility that the blood flow changes could be due to altered control mechanisms in the retinal vasculature was confirmed using an isolated, perfused eye preparation. In diabetic eyes an altered reactivity to test pharmacological agents was demonstrated after 4 weeks of diabetes. 4. To further explore these vascular response changes we developed an isolated, perfused retinal arteriolar preparation in which individual segments of the vasculature can be tested. The possibility that insulin has a direct vasodilator effect on retinal arterioles was confirmed and was demonstrated to act via nitric oxide released from the vascular endothelial cells. These data may implicate the diabetic-induced insulin changes in early retinal changes. 5. Evidence is presented that although early glucose control may be vital in stopping the onset of diabetic retinopathy, there comes a stage in the induced diabetic cascade where if the retinopathy has commenced, good glucose control cannot stop the further progression of the retinopathy.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Alder VA,Su EN,Yu DY,Cringle SJ,Yu PKdoi
10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb02133.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-09-01 00:00:00pages
785-8issue
9-10eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::1. Although it is well established that hypertension is the main risk factor for stroke, the complexity of cerebrovascular problems related to hypertension is not generally appreciated. 2. Hypertension can cause stroke through many mechanisms. A high intraluminal pressure will lead to extensive alteration in endotheli...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1681.1999.03081.x
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abstract::1. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important mediator of contractile function in the heart. However, isolated papillary muscle preparations appear to lack NO responsiveness in certain animal species. Although cat, guinea-pig and ferret models have been NO responsive, there have been mixed results in the rat papillary muscle. ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04225.x
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abstract::1. The effects of endogenous and exogenous acetylcholine (ACh) on nitrergic relaxations elicited by electrical field stimulation (EFS) were studied in guinea-pig endothelium-denuded basilar artery preparations precontracted with 1 micromol/L prostaglandin F(2 alpha) and a possible role of K+ channels in mediating the ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 更正并重新发布的文章,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between normal serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) and urinary incontinence (IU), urinary infections, and quality of life in old women. Euthyroid post-menopausal women without sarcopenia, estrogen replacement, emotional illness, and/or cancer were enrolled ...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12788
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pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Structural changes in resistance vessels were studied sequentially (a) by hindquarter perfusion and (b) by planimetry of renal arterioles less than or equal to 20 micrometers radius, for 10 weeks during development of DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate)/salt hypertension in uninephrectomized rats and 5 weeks after c...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1982.tb00812.x
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1977.tb02621.x
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diets rich in saturated fats and cholesterol contribute to the incidence of hyperlipidaemia. An altered lipid profile is a major factor responsible for the development of CVD. Male Wistar rats were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) (suspension (w/v) of 0.5% cholesterol, 3% coconut oil and 0.25% cholic acid for 30 days) t...
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doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13221
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02041.x
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02157.x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04324.x
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1440-1681.2002.03688.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.1980.tb00112.x
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1111/1440-1681.13173
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The therapeutic effect of green tea extract (GTE) on the aortic collagen content and its characteristics were investigated in streptozotocin diabetic rats. 2. Diabetes was induced in rats by a single intra peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg bodyweight). Six weeks after diabetes induction, GTE was admi...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
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abstract::The circulating miRNAs are dysregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and have great promise for clinical diagnosis. The aim of this study was to screen and evaluate the reliability and diagnostic efficiency of candidate serum miRNAs for NSCLC diagnosis. We found that miR-21 and let-7a were significantly dysre...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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abstract::Nowadays, tramadol hydrochloride is frequently used as a pain reliever, and for the treatment of premature ejaculation. Decreased semen quality was noted in chronic tramadol users. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of tramadol on the testicular functions of adult male rats. A total of 40 albino adult ma...
journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
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doi:10.1111/1440-1681.12213
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05061.x
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journal_title:Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00