The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.

abstract：:The identification of the gene for cystic fibrosis has led to the possibility of population based screening for carriers of cystic fibrosis to identify couples at risk of having an affected child. Pilot studies have shown that screening is feasible and does not cause untoward anxiety, though the uptake of testing vari...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Modell M

更新日期：1993-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent growth in the numbers of published systematic reviews reflects growing recognition of their importance for improving knowledge about the effects of health care. In Britain the NHS R&D Programme has established two centres to prepare systematic reviews of existing information, and the Cochrane Collaboration-...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Chalmers I,Haynes B

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of five probiotic preparations recommended to parents in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children. Design Randomised controlled clinical trial in collaboration with family paediatricians over 12 months. SETTING:Primary care. PARTICIPANTS:Children aged 3-36 months visiting a famil...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Canani RB,Cirillo P,Terrin G,Cesarano L,Spagnuolo MI,De Vincenzo A,Albano F,Passariello A,De Marco G,Manguso F,Guarino A

更新日期：2007-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether, according to the conclusions of a 2000 systematic review with meta-analysis on interventions to prevent pain from propofol injection that provided a research agenda to guide further research on the topic, subsequently published trials were more often optimally blinded, reported on children...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Habre C,Tramèr MR,Pöpping DM,Elia N

更新日期：2014-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of home blood pressure monitoring on blood pressure levels and proportion of people with essential hypertension achieving targets. DESIGN:Meta-analysis of 18 randomised controlled trials. PARTICIPANTS:1359 people with essential hypertension allocated to home blood pressure monitoring...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cappuccio FP,Kerry SM,Forbes L,Donald A

更新日期：2004-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the association between exposure to radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer and subsequent second malignancies (second primary cancers). DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. DATA SOURCES:Medline and Embase up to 6 April 2015 with no restrictions on year...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Wallis CJ,Mahar AL,Choo R,Herschorn S,Kodama RT,Shah PS,Danjoux C,Narod SA,Nam RK

更新日期：2016-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetomaternal haemorrhage was studied after 68 consecutive fetal intravascular transfusions performed in 20 patients with Rh isoimmunisation. alpha Fetoprotein concentration was assayed in maternal blood taken before, and immediately after each transfusion and three and 24 hours later. An increase of 50% or more in the...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nicolini U,Kochenour NK,Greco P,Letsky EA,Johnson RD,Contreras M,Rodeck CH

更新日期：1988-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the role of respiratory viruses in exacerbations of asthma in adults. DESIGN:Longitudinal study of 138 adults with asthma. SETTING:Leicestershire Health Authority. SUBJECTS:48 men and 90 women 19-46 years of age with a mean duration of wheeze of 19.6 years. 75% received regular treatment with bron...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nicholson KG,Kent J,Ireland DC

更新日期：1993-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between conflicts of interest and favourable recommendations in clinical guidelines, advisory committee reports, opinion pieces, and narrative reviews. DESIGN:Systematic review. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:Studies that compared the association between conflicts of interest and favour...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nejstgaard CH,Bero L,Hróbjartsson A,Jørgensen AW,Jørgensen KJ,Le M,Lundh A

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:National allocation of resources to regional health authorities and by them to districts is now determined by a weighted capitation formula. The national formula was derived from regression analysis, with hospital utilisation as an index of need for health care--a method which has fundamental limitations. This paper a...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Sheldon TA,Smith GD,Bevan G

更新日期：1993-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study delays between sending referral letters and the outpatient appointment and to assess the content of referral and reply letters, their educational value, and the extent to which questions asked are answered by reply letters. DESIGN:Retrospective review of referrals to 16 consultant orthopaedic surgeo...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jacobs LG,Pringle MA

更新日期：1990-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether sleep apnoea syndrome is an independent risk factor for hypertension. DESIGN:Population study. SETTING:Sleep clinic in Toronto. PARTICIPANTS:2,677 adults, aged 20-85 years, referred to the sleep clinic with suspected sleep apnoea syndrome. OUTCOME MEASURES:Medical history, demographic da...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Lavie P,Herer P,Hoffstein V

更新日期：2000-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was conducted to investigate a novel approach to the prophylaxis of schizophrenic relapse. The treatment strategy comprised brief intermittent courses of neuroleptic agents begun as soon as non-psychotic symptoms believed to be early signs of relapse appeared. Fifty four stable, remitted outpatients meeting th...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jolley AG,Hirsch SR,McRink A,Manchanda R

更新日期：1989-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effects of regulating umbilical cord clamping in preterm infants. DESIGN:A prospective randomised study. SETTING:The Queen Mother's Hospital, Glasgow. SUBJECTS:36 vaginally delivered infants over 27 and under 33 weeks' gestation. INTERVENTION:Holding the infant 20 cm below the ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kinmond S,Aitchison TC,Holland BM,Jones JG,Turner TL,Wardrop CA

更新日期：1993-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the association between four sociodemographic measures (unemployment, overcrowding, low social class, and the proportion of migrants from areas of high prevalence of tuberculosis) and average level and rate of change of notification rates for tuberculosis. DESIGN:Ecological analysis of both t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mangtani P,Jolley DJ,Watson JM,Rodrigues LC

更新日期：1995-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure thresholds have been defined for the diagnosis of mild hypertension but not for its treatment or for other blood pressure thresholds used in the diagnosis of moderate to severe hypertension. We aimed to derive age and sex related ambulatory blood pressure equivalent...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Head GA,Mihailidou AS,Duggan KA,Beilin LJ,Berry N,Brown MA,Bune AJ,Cowley D,Chalmers JP,Howe PR,Hodgson J,Ludbrook J,Mangoni AA,McGrath BP,Nelson MR,Sharman JE,Stowasser M,Ambulatory Blood Pressure Working Group of the

更新日期：2010-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:To study a range of possible risk factors for HIV among injecting drug user patients attending a clinic in London were interviewed from November 1986 to November 1987. Serum samples were tested for viral markers. Of 116 patients, 101 had shared injecting equipment, 75 on the first occasion of injecting and 76 during t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hart GJ,Sonnex C,Petherick A,Johnson AM,Feinmann C,Adler MW

更新日期：1989-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare patient outcomes of restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion strategies in patients with cardiovascular disease not undergoing cardiac surgery. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Randomised controlled trials involving a threshold for red blood cell transfusion in hospita...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Docherty AB,O'Donnell R,Brunskill S,Trivella M,Doree C,Holst L,Parker M,Gregersen M,Pinheiro de Almeida J,Walsh TS,Stanworth SJ

更新日期：2016-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine whether over the counter cough medicines are effective for acute cough in adults. DESIGN:Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES:Search of the Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infections Group specialised register, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, Embase, and the...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Schroeder K,Fahey T

更新日期：2002-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：PROBLEM:Zimbabwe has one of the highest rates of HIV seroprevalence in the world. In 2001 only 4% of women and children in need of services for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV were receiving them. DESIGN:Pilot implementation of the first programme for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Perez F,Orne-Gliemann J,Mukotekwa T,Miller A,Glenshaw M,Mahomva A,Dabis F

更新日期：2004-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE: To identify and characterise non-specific immunological effects after routine childhood vaccines against BCG, measles, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus. DESIGN: Systematic review of randomised controlled trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies. DATA SOURCES: Embase, PubMed, Cochrane library, and...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kandasamy R,Voysey M,McQuaid F,de Nie K,Ryan R,Orr O,Uhlig U,Sande C,O'Connor D,Pollard AJ

更新日期：2016-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relations of maternal diet and smoking during pregnancy to placental and birth weights at term. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:District general hospital in the south of England. PARTICIPANTS:693 pregnant nulliparous white women with singleton pregnancies who were selected from ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mathews F,Yudkin P,Neil A

更新日期：1999-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the prospective associations between consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice with type 2 diabetes before and after adjustment for adiposity, and to estimate the population attributable fraction for type 2 diabetes from consumption of sugar sweete...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Imamura F,O'Connor L,Ye Z,Mursu J,Hayashino Y,Bhupathiraju SN,Forouhi NG

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:An investigation was conducted to determine the vehicle of infection of an outbreak of food poisoning in a large metropolitan building early in 1988. A questionnaire was distributed to 700 people who had eaten in the building during the week of the outbreak, and attack rates for specific food were calculated. Food and...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mitchell E,O'Mahony M,Lynch D,Ward LR,Rowe B,Uttley A,Rogers T,Cunningham DG,Watson R

更新日期：1989-01-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To gain detailed understanding of influences on smoking behaviour in Bangladeshi and Pakistani communities in the United Kingdom to inform the development of effective and culturally acceptable smoking cessation interventions. DESIGN:Qualitative study using community participatory methods, purposeful samplin...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bush J,White M,Kai J,Rankin J,Bhopal R

更新日期：2003-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate associations between maternal overweight and obesity and infant mortality outcomes, including cause-specific mortality. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:1,857,822 live single births in Sweden 1992-2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Associations between maternal body ma...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Johansson S,Villamor E,Altman M,Bonamy AK,Granath F,Cnattingius S

更新日期：2014-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine prospectively the rates of change in bone mineral density in elderly people and to examine the relation between lifestyle and demographic factors and these rates of change. DESIGN:Longitudinal population based study. SETTING:Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia. SUBJECTS:Representative sample (n...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jones G,Nguyen T,Sambrook P,Kelly PJ,Eisman JA

更新日期：1994-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic insomnia is a common condition that affects people worldwide and has negative effects on patients' health and wellbeing. The treatment of insomnia can be complex and time consuming for patients and providers. Although behavioral interventions are the first line therapy, there are barriers to access for these t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kay-Stacey M,Attarian H

更新日期：2016-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between obstetric epidural anaesthesia and subsequent long term problems. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire on health problems after childbirth linked to maternity case note data. SETTING:Maternity hospital in Birmingham. SUBJECTS:11701 women who delivered their most recent child durin...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： MacArthur C,Lewis M,Knox EG

更新日期：1992-05-16 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association between migraine and cognitive decline among women. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Women's Health Study, United States. PARTICIPANTS:6349 women aged 65 or older enrolled in the Women's Health Study who provided information about migraine status at baseline and particip...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Rist PM,Kang JH,Buring JE,Glymour MM,Grodstein F,Kurth T

更新日期：2012-08-08 00:00:00