Low back pain.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the feasibility and acceptability of screening young children for iron deficiency in a deprived inner city practice and to assess the effects of a programme of dietary education. DESIGN:Prospective study of children in general practice, comparison with historical controls. SETTING:A deprived inner...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： James J,Lawson P,Male P,Oakhill A

更新日期：1989-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years Tayside has benefited from a successful opportunistic cytology screening programme. In recent years, however, the decrease in mortality due to cervical cancer has levelled off, with most cases of severe disease arising in women who have not been screened. In view of this the health board developed a new...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Robertson AJ,Reid GS,Stoker CA,Bissett C,Waugh N,Fenton I,Rowan J,Halkerston R

更新日期：1989-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the incidence of suicides due to co-proxamol compared with tricyclic antidepressants and paracetamol, and to compare fatality rates for self poisonings with these drugs. DESIGN:Analysis of routinely collected national and local data on suicides and self poisonings. SETTING:Records of suicides in...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hawton K,Simkin S,Deeks J

更新日期：2003-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Elderly and disabled people have been led to expect great improvements in the quality of community care after April 1993. The choice to live safely at home is to be offered as an alternative to residential care. The financial and organisational relationships are all intended to support this in practice. The Tomlinson ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jowell T

更新日期：1992-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess, as part of wider inspections by HM Inspectorate of Prisons, the extent and quality of health care in prisons in England and Wales. DESIGN:Inspections based on a set of "expectations" derived mainly from existing healthcare quality standards published by the prison service and existing ethical gui...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Reed J,Lyne M

更新日期：1997-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the risk factors for neonatal encephalopathy among term infants in a developing country. DESIGN:Unmatched case-control study. SETTING:Principal maternity hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal. SUBJECTS:All 131 infants with neonatal encephalopathy from a population of 21 609 infants born over an 18 mont...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Ellis M,Manandhar N,Manandhar DS,Costello AM

更新日期：2000-05-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with psoriasis. DESIGN:Population based cohort study and nested cross sectional study. SETTING:Electronic medical records database based in United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS:Cohort study: patients with psoriasis aged 18-90 each matched to up to five pa...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Wan J,Wang S,Haynes K,Denburg MR,Shin DB,Gelfand JM

更新日期：2013-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether residence before and after birth near 50 Hz high voltage installations increases a child's risk of cancer and whether risk correlates with the strength of the magnetic field. DESIGN:A population based case-control study. SETTING:Denmark. SUBJECTS:1707 children under the age of 15 wit...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Olsen JH,Nielsen A,Schulgen G

更新日期：1993-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The introduction in Britain of advance directives--which allow a person to state in advance of becoming incompetent that they wish to take part in treatment decisions when no longer mentally competent--has now been advocated by the medical and legal establishments. The practical application of directives relating to h...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Robertson GS

更新日期：1995-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of an antenatal service using community based breastfeeding peer support workers on initiation of breast feeding. DESIGN:Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Community antenatal clinics in one primary care trust in a multiethnic, deprived population. PARTICIPANTS:66 ante...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： MacArthur C,Jolly K,Ingram L,Freemantle N,Dennis CL,Hamburger R,Brown J,Chambers J,Khan K

更新日期：2009-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetomaternal haemorrhage was studied after 68 consecutive fetal intravascular transfusions performed in 20 patients with Rh isoimmunisation. alpha Fetoprotein concentration was assayed in maternal blood taken before, and immediately after each transfusion and three and 24 hours later. An increase of 50% or more in the...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nicolini U,Kochenour NK,Greco P,Letsky EA,Johnson RD,Contreras M,Rodeck CH

更新日期：1988-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the frequency of discrepancies in retracted reports of clinical trials with those in adjacent unretracted reports in the same journal. DESIGN:Blinded case-control study. SETTING:Journals in PubMed. POPULATION:50 manuscripts, classified on PubMed as retracted clinical trials, paired with 50 adja...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cole GD,Nowbar AN,Mielewczik M,Shun-Shin MJ,Francis DP

更新日期：2015-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:There is strong circumstantial evidence that human papillomavirus is a cofactor in the development of cervical neoplasia. Systemic immunosuppression has also been implicated. A study was therefore carried out examining the relation between subtypes of human papillomavirus and local immunocompetent cells in the cervix....

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hawthorn RJ,Murdoch JB,MacLean AB,MacKie RM

更新日期：1988-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus for the prevention of any diarrhoea associated with antibiotic use and that caused by Clostridium difficile. DESIGN:Randomised double blind placebo controlled study. PARTICIPANTS:135 hospital patients (mean age 74) taking antibiotics. E...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hickson M,D'Souza AL,Muthu N,Rogers TR,Want S,Rajkumar C,Bulpitt CJ

更新日期：2007-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify the association between stressful life events and exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. DATA SOURCES:PubMed, PsychInfo, and Psychological Abstracts searched for empirical papers from 1965 to February 2003 with terms "stress", "trauma", and "multiple sclerosis". REVIEW METHODS:Three investigators ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mohr DC,Hart SL,Julian L,Cox D,Pelletier D

更新日期：2004-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the impact on teenage pregnancy of interventions that address the social disadvantage associated with early parenthood and to assess the appropriateness of such interventions for young people in the United Kingdom. DESIGN:Systematic review, including a statistical meta-analysis of controlled tr...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Harden A,Brunton G,Fletcher A,Oakley A

更新日期：2009-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify and explore parents' concerns when young children become acutely ill. DESIGN:Qualitative study making use of semi-structured one to one and group interviews with parents of preschool children. SETTING:Disadvantaged inner city community. SUBJECTS:95 parents of preschool children. RESULTS:Fever,...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kai J

更新日期：1996-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To document the relative importance of endogenous sex steroids in modulating the frequency of orgasms, the dominant aspect of sexual behaviour in healthy eugonadal men. DESIGN:Measurement of adrenal and testicular sex steroids in a sample of army recruits and study of their relation to frequency of orgasms a...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mantzoros CS,Georgiadis EI,Trichopoulos D

更新日期：1995-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To evaluate integrated care for diabetes in clinical, psychosocial, and economic terms. DESIGN:Pragmatic randomised trial. SETTING:Hospital diabetic clinic and three general practice groups in Grampian. PATIENTS:274 adult diabetic patients attending a hospital clinic and registered with one of three gener...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors：

更新日期：1994-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of community care is to enable people with various types of disability to live in their own homes, rather than in institutions. This involves the provision of support and services at home by various agencies. After a critical report in 1986 identified problems with coordination and flexibility of community car...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Renwick D

更新日期：1996-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To encourage active participation of Leicestershire general practitioners and their staff in audit; to examine the use of vitamin B-12 injections and to achieve a more appropriate use. DESIGN:Implementation of an agreed audit protocol, with central analysis and feedback of anonymous and aggregated data by a ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Fraser RC,Farooqi A,Sorrie R

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Objective To characterize the prospective controlled clinical studies for all novel drugs that were initially approved by the Food and Drug Administration on the basis of limited evidence.Design Systematic review.Data sources Drugs@FDA database and PubMed.Study inclusion All prospective controlled clinical studies pub...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Pease AM,Krumholz HM,Downing NS,Aminawung JA,Shah ND,Ross JS

更新日期：2017-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the associations between childhood and adulthood social class and insulin resistance. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. SETTING:23 towns across England, Scotland, and Wales. PARTICIPANTS:4286 women aged 60-79 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Insulin resistance and other cardiovascular disease risk fact...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Lawlor DA,Ebrahim S,Davey Smith G,British women's heart and health study.

更新日期：2002-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the prospective associations between consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice with type 2 diabetes before and after adjustment for adiposity, and to estimate the population attributable fraction for type 2 diabetes from consumption of sugar sweete...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Imamura F,O'Connor L,Ye Z,Mursu J,Hayashino Y,Bhupathiraju SN,Forouhi NG

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the more intensive screening and treatment for prostate cancer in the Seattle-Puget Sound area in 1987-90 led to lower mortality from prostate cancer than in Connecticut. DESIGN:Natural experiment comparing two fixed cohorts from 1987 to 1997. SETTING:Seattle-Puget Sound and Connecticut...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Lu-Yao G,Albertsen PC,Stanford JL,Stukel TA,Walker-Corkery ES,Barry MJ

更新日期：2002-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To independently evaluate the impact of the second phase of the Health Foundation's Safer Patients Initiative (SPI2) on a range of patient safety measures. Design A controlled before and after design. Five substudies: survey of staff attitudes; review of case notes from high risk (respiratory) patients in med...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Benning A,Dixon-Woods M,Nwulu U,Ghaleb M,Dawson J,Barber N,Franklin BD,Girling A,Hemming K,Carmalt M,Rudge G,Naicker T,Kotecha A,Derrington MC,Lilford R

更新日期：2011-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether using intensive blood pressure targets leads to lower blood pressure in a community population of people with prevalent cerebrovascular disease. DESIGN:Open label randomised controlled trial. SETTING:99 general practices in England, with participants recruited in 2009-11. PARTICIPANTS:Peo...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mant J,McManus RJ,Roalfe A,Fletcher K,Taylor CJ,Martin U,Virdee S,Greenfield S,Hobbs FD

更新日期：2016-02-24 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate associations between Apgar scores of 7, 8, and 9 (versus 10) at 1, 5, and 10 minutes, and neonatal mortality and morbidity. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:Sweden. PARTICIPANTS:1 551 436 non-malformed live singleton infants, born at term (≥37 weeks' gestation) between 1999 and ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Razaz N,Cnattingius S,Joseph KS

更新日期：2019-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the risk of cerebral thromboembolism in women using low dose oral contraceptives. DESIGN:A retrospective case-control study. SETTING:All Danish medical, neurological, neurosurgical, and gynaecological departments. SUBJECTS:All 794 women in Denmark aged 15-44 who had suffered a cerebral thromboemb...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Lidegaard O

更新日期：1993-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the incidence and severity of physical and psychosexual symptoms in young women due to ovarian failure caused by total body irradiation for leukaemia and the women's response to hormone treatment. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire and interview. SETTING:Leukaemia unit of oncology hospital. PATIENTS:Con...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cust MP,Whitehead MI,Powles R,Hunter M,Milliken S

更新日期：1989-12-16 00:00:00