Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the risk of breast cancer is increased by a recent term pregnancy. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. SETTING:Eight areas in the United States. SUBJECTS:Cases were 2279 multiparous women residents of the eight areas aged 25-49 who were diagnosed as having breast cancer during 1980-2. Controls were 2357 multiparous women selected from the same areas by random digit dialing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Relative risk of developing breast cancer according to the time interval since last full term pregnancy. RESULTS:The distribution of intervals since the last term pregnancy was similar in cases and controls. Adjusted for age, parity, and age at first term pregnancy, the odds ratios observed for categories of years since the last full term pregnancy were: 0-2 years, odds ratio 1.16 (95% confidence interval 0.84 to 1.59); 3-6 years, odds ratio 1.21 (0.95 to 1.54); 7-9 years, odds ratio 1.04 (0.84 to 1.38); > or = 10 years, odds ratio 1.00 (reference). CONCLUSIONS:Among multiparous women aged 25-49 years there was no association between the risk of breast cancer and the time interval since the last full term pregnancy.
journal_name
BMJjournal_title
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)authors
Cummings P,Stanford JL,Daling JR,Weiss NS,McKnight Bdoi
10.1136/bmj.308.6945.1672subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-06-25 00:00:00pages
1672-4issue
6945eissn
0959-8138issn
1756-1833journal_volume
308pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the cost effectiveness of statins in lowering serum cholesterol concentration in people at varying risk of fatal cardiovascular disease and to explore the implications of changing the criteria for intervention on cost and cost effectiveness for a purchasing authority. DESIGN:A life table method ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7044.1443
更新日期:1996-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the prospective associations between consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice with type 2 diabetes before and after adjustment for adiposity, and to estimate the population attributable fraction for type 2 diabetes from consumption of sugar sweete...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.h3576
更新日期:2015-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer control encompasses the whole spectrum from prevention and early diagnosis to treatment and palliation. The key to the future of cancer control will be to establish multidisciplinary approaches to each type of cancer across this spectrum. For primary prevention this requires some understanding of the causes of ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6952.449
更新日期:1994-08-13 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether being overweight in childhood increases adult obesity and risk of disease. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:City of Newcastle upon Tyne. PARTICIPANTS:932 members of thousand families 1947 birth cohort, of whom 412 attended for clinical examination age 50. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7324.1280
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate strength of associations between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and socioeconomic position during childhood and adulthood. DESIGN:Cross sectional analysis of status of cardiovascular risk factors and past and present social circumstances. SUBJECTS:5645 male participants in the west o...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7070.1434
更新日期:1996-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness of elective single embryo transfer versus double embryo transfer on the outcomes of live birth, multiple live birth, miscarriage, preterm birth, term singleton birth, and low birth weight after fresh embryo transfer, and on the outcomes of cumulative live birth and multiple live b...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.c6945
更新日期:2010-12-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of a theoretically based sex education programme (SHARE) delivered by teachers compared with conventional education in terms of conceptions and terminations registered by the NHS. DESIGN:Follow-up of cluster randomised trial 4.5 years after intervention. SETTING:NHS records of women who...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.39014.503692.55
更新日期:2007-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe and quantify patterns of injury from antipersonnel mines in terms of distribution of injury, drain on surgical resources, and residual disability. DESIGN:Retrospective analysis. SETTING:Two hospitals for patients injured in war. SUBJECTS:757 patients with injuries from antipersonnel mines. MAI...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.303.6816.1509
更新日期:1991-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To report the sensitivities of the faecal occult blood test, screening episode, and screening programme for colorectal cancer and the benefits of applying a randomised design at the implementation phase of a new public health policy. DESIGN:Experimental design incorporated in public health evaluation using ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.a2261
更新日期:2008-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::For the past 18 years there has been a proliferation of European committees, boards, associations, colleges, and working groups set up to promote the harmonisation of specialist training in Europe. It has been taken as read that this objective is desirable. The fact that these bodies have achieved remarkably little is...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.311.7000.297
更新日期:1995-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To identify the extent of HIV infection and injecting drug use among female streetworking prostitutes in Glasgow; to estimate the size of the female streetworking prostitute population in the city; and to estimate the number of HIV positive women working as prostitutes on the streets in Glasgow. DESIGN:Obse...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.305.6857.801
更新日期:1992-10-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the mortality of patients in a palliative care unit on working days with that on weekends and public holidays. DESIGN:Retrospective database study. SETTING:Palliative care unit in Germany. POPULATION:All admissions to palliative care unit between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2008. MAIN OUTCOM...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.g7370
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the experiences of authors of Cochrane reviews in searching for, getting access to, and using unpublished data. DESIGN:Cross sectional study. SETTING:Cochrane reviews. PARTICIPANTS:2184 corresponding authors of Cochrane reviews as of May 2012. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Frequencies of responses to o...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.f2231
更新日期:2013-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::Prediction models are developed to aid health care providers in estimating the probability or risk that a specific disease or condition is present (diagnostic models) or that a specific event will occur in the future (prognostic models), to inform their decision making. However, the overwhelming evidence shows that th...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.g7594
更新日期:2015-01-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the feasibility and acceptability of screening young children for iron deficiency in a deprived inner city practice and to assess the effects of a programme of dietary education. DESIGN:Prospective study of children in general practice, comparison with historical controls. SETTING:A deprived inner...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.299.6703.838
更新日期:1989-09-30 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between accidental dural puncture and long term headache and related symptoms. DESIGN:Postal questionnaire survey to elucidate new symptoms occurring after childbirth, and linking of these to data in obstetric and anaesthetic case notes. Women were surveyed between 13 months and ni...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.306.6882.883
更新日期:1993-04-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the risk of cerebral thromboembolism in women using low dose oral contraceptives. DESIGN:A retrospective case-control study. SETTING:All Danish medical, neurological, neurosurgical, and gynaecological departments. SUBJECTS:All 794 women in Denmark aged 15-44 who had suffered a cerebral thromboemb...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.306.6883.956
更新日期:1993-04-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the extent to which systematic reviews and meta-analyses of individual participant data (IPD) are being used to inform the recommendations included in published clinical guidelines. DESIGN:Descriptive study. SETTING:Database maintained by the Cochrane IPD Meta-analysis Methods Group, supplement...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.h1088
更新日期:2015-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of community care is to enable people with various types of disability to live in their own homes, rather than in institutions. This involves the provision of support and services at home by various agencies. After a critical report in 1986 identified problems with coordination and flexibility of community car...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7061.869
更新日期:1996-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the increased iron demands of pregnancy could be met by increased absorption from dietary sources. DESIGN AND SETTING:Longitudinal prospective study in the research unit of a maternity hospital. SUBJECTS:12 normal pregnant women. INTERVENTIONS:At 12, 24, and 36 weeks' gestation (within...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6947.79
更新日期:1994-07-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of chronic headache. DESIGN:Cost effectiveness analysis of a randomised controlled trial. SETTING:General practices in England and Wales. PARTICIPANTS:401 patients with chronic headache, predominantly migraine. Interventions Patients were ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.38033.896505.EB
更新日期:2004-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the claim that 90% of episodes of low back pain that present to general practice have resolved within one month. DESIGN:Prospective study of all adults consulting in general practice because of low back pain over 12 months with follow up at 1 week, 3 months, and 12 months after consultation. ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7141.1356
更新日期:1998-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::The Swedish government recently published a report on priorities in health care. It was written by a cross party group of politicians and drew extensively on the views of the public, health professionals, experience of earlier local exercises in priority setting, and research based evidence. It laid down an ethical fr...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.312.7032.691
更新日期:1996-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To characterise the percentage of available outcome data being presented in reports of randomised clinical trials with continuous outcome measures, thereby determining the potential for incomplete reporting bias. DESIGN:Descriptive cross sectional study. DATA SOURCES:A random sample of 200 randomised trials...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.e8486
更新日期:2012-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the association of Apgar score 5 minutes after birth with cerebral palsy in both normal weight and low birthweight children, and also the association with the cerebral palsy subdiagnoses of quadriplegia, diplegia, and hemiplegia. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:The Medical Birth Reg...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.c4990
更新日期:2010-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of disclosing authors' conflict of interest declarations to peer reviewers at a medical journal. DESIGN:Randomized controlled trial. SETTING:Manuscript review process at the Annals of Emergency Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: Reviewers (n=838) who reviewed manuscripts submitted between 2 June 2...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.l5896
更新日期:2019-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To audit services for prenatal diagnosis for haemoglobin disorders in the United Kingdom. DESIGN:Comparison of the annual number of cases recorded in a United Kingdom register of prenatal diagnoses for haemoglobin disorders, with the annual number of pregnancies at risk of these disorders, by ethnic group a...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7111.779
更新日期:1997-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To calculate socioeconomic and health status measures for the primary care groups in London and to examine the association between these measures and hospital admission rates. DESIGN:Cross sectional study. SETTING:66 primary care groups in London, total list size 8.0 million people. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7268.1057
更新日期:2000-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::The benefits to medical practitioners of using the Internet are growing rapidly as the Internet becomes easier to use and ever more biomedical resources become available on line. The Internet is the largest computer network in the world; it is also a virtual community, larger than many nation states, with its own rule...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.311.7017.1422
更新日期:1995-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of two mechanical methods of blood conservation in reducing the need for allogeneic red blood cells or coagulation products during cardiac surgery. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Regional cardiac centre in a teaching hospital in Southampton. PARTICIPANTS:263 adults ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7349.1299
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00