Abstract：
:1. The role of cardiac reflexes in baroreflex control mechanisms and the changes that occur in chronic hypertension is reviewed. The rapid resetting properties of the arterial baroreceptors ensures its role in short-term rather than long-term control of blood pressure. 2. In hypertensive humans and animals, the baroreceptor-heart rate reflex has diminished sensitivity due mainly to reduced maximum capacity of the cardiac vagal component rather than a change to the sympathetic. 3. The development of this vagal deficit in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) coincides with the onset of cardiac hypertrophy rather than vascular hypertrophy. A combination of chronic perindopril treatment regimens in young and older SHR showed that the vagal deficit was better correlated with the degree of cardiac hypertrophy than with other variables such as blood pressure, hypertension or indices of vascular hypertrophy. Similar results have been shown for renovascular hypertension in rats. 4. The bradycardia produced by electrical stimulation of the vagus in urethane anaesthetized young SHR was enhanced compared to Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) while responses observed in adult SHR and WKY were similar, suggesting that the vagal deficit in hypertensive rats is not due to a defect in the efferent arm of the baroreflex. 5. The association of the vagal deficit with cardiac hypertrophy, but not with the vagal efferent pathways, suggests an important role for cardiac afferents in hypertension in mediating the baroreflex deficit. 6. A diminished baroreflex and also a reduced heart rate variability is an independent risk factor for sudden death following myocardial infarction. Thus, antihypertensive therapy, which more effectively reduces cardiac hypertrophy, should have a desirable effect on baroreceptor reflexes and therefore in reducing blood pressure variability.
journal_name
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physioljournal_title
Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiologyauthors
Head GAdoi
10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02448.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-10-01 00:00:00pages
791-802issue
10eissn
0305-1870issn
1440-1681journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:1. Pericytes are cells of microvessels (arterioles, capillaries and venules) that wrap around endothelial cells. They are most abundant on venules and are common on capillaries. 2. The pericyte population is highly variable between different tissues and organs, probably in a manner reflecting postarteriolar hydrostati...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03343.x
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostaglandin (PG) efflux into ureteral (UE) and venous effluents (VE) of rabbit isolated perfused kidneys was determined by superfusion bioassay and radioimmunoassay (RIA), in response to injections of arginine-vasopressin (AVP), the non-pressor vasopressin analogue 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (dDAVP) and arac...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1986.tb00942.x
更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Control of cardiomyocyte cytosolic Ca(2+) levels is crucial in determining inotropic status and ischemia/reperfusion stress response. Responsive to fluctuations in cellular Ca(2+), Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a serine/threonine kinase integral to the processes regulating cardiomyocyte Ca(...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12489
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Epidermal growth factor is a potent mitogen that causes natriuresis, diuresis and inhibition of arginine vasopressin-induced water reabsorption. 2. The aim of this study was to determine any interaction between epidermal growth factor and the V1 (vascular) and/or V2 (antidiuretic) arginine vasopressin receptor subt...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02506.x
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperhomocysteine has become a critical risk for atherosclerosis and can stimulate proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) is a receptor of homocysteine and mediates the effects of homocysteine on VSMCs. Bioinformatics analysis has shown NMDAR is a...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12611
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Ventilatory measurements and functional residual capacity (FRC) were recorded from anaesthetized rats and ferrets using a whole body plethysmograph. Simulation of aspects of human chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD) was attempted by making animals acutely hypoxic or hypoxic and hypercapnic by causing them to...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb02420.x
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Infusion of increasing doses of angiotensin II (AII) in normal subjects sequentially increased blood pressure, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) levels. 2. The slope of ANP response to AII was positively correlated with basal ANP and with the slope of blood pressure response to AII (pressor slope) bu...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1993.tb01714.x
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) administration to sheep produces a rapid adrenally dependent hypertension which is maximal after 3 days and associated with increased cardiac output (CO) and heart rate (HR), while calculated total peripheral resistance remains unchanged. 2. This study investigated the proposal that a ce...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1989.tb01611.x
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The present report documents evidence suggesting that endothelin (ET) is a mediator and modulator of post-ganglionic sympathetic neuronal development. 2. Endothelin is produced by post-ganglionic neurons and by cells adjacent to these neurons. 3. Post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons express functional receptors for ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.1999.03179.x
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Oxygen (O2) transfer from the blood to tissues is a function of the red blood cell (RBC) O2 saturation (SO2), the plasma O2 content being negligible. Under conditions of increased tissue O2 demand, the SO2 of arterial blood does not change appreciably (97%); however, the SO2 of mixed venous blood, equal to that of ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03383.x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Rabbits were treated with the antiparasitic drug ivermectin at subcutaneous doses of 0.2, 1 and 2.5 mg/kg and blood collected weekly for 4 weeks thereafter for measuring some blood parameters. At a dose of 0.2 or 1 mg/kg the drug had no significant effect on any of the parameters measured. At a dose of 2.5 mg/kg, t...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1990.tb01273.x
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of aerobic physical exercise on membrane function in mild essential hypertension. 2. Hypertensive patients were divided into an exercise group (n = 8) and a non-exercise (control) group (n = 8). Physical exercise within the intensity of the anaerobic thres...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03846.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Piretanide is a new loop diuretic resembling furosemide. The effects of this diuretic on various parameters of renal function and on the excretion of the major ions were studied on anaesthetized, hydrated rats. 2. Piretanide induced a marked diuresis and increased sodium, potassium, chloride and calcium excretion. ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1981.tb00735.x
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The present study investigates the contribution of the sympathetic and vagal parasympathetic systems to the tachycardic response of long-lasting (40 min) conditioned fear responses to context. 2. The conditioned fear response evoked by re-exposure to a footshock chamber was tested 10 min after intravenous injection...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04519.x
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent in vitro experiments have indicated that human resistin increases the number of lipoprotein particles secreted by the human hepatocytes and also influences their quality, in terms of generating more proatherogenic lipid particles. The aim of this study is to investigate associations of plasma resistin and perip...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1440-1681.12503
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract and 3-O-galloyl-4,6-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-d-glucose (3OG46HG) of Euphorbia thymifolia Linnea have been shown to exhibit anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2 activity in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the mode of action of these two compounds in suppressing HSV-2 multi...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04194.x
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The influence of the intact kidney on blood pressure, extracellular fluid volume (ECF, ferrocyanide space) and ECF volume distribution was studied in rats 60 days after constriction of the contralateral renal artery. 2. Renal artery constriction increased both blood pressure and ECF levels. The rise of both variabl...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1979.tb00033.x
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors slows the rate of progression of nephropathy in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Paradoxically, however, chronic ACE inhibitor therapy has been reported to be associated with induction of ACE in the plasma. W...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01226.x
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of hypoxia on energy metabolism and contraction of rat urinary bladder smooth muscle, thereby gaining insight into the capacity of this smooth muscle to maintain contractile function when rendered hypoxic. 2. Isometric force, oxygen consumption, lactate pr...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03882.x
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Uridine monophosphate was tested in the conscious rat for natriuretic properties and an immunoperoxidase technique was used to localize uridine-containing compounds in the rat kidney. 2. Uridine monophosphate, infused in a moderate pressor dose, caused a significant natriuresis compared to the effect of control inf...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1987.tb00385.x
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), neuropathy target esterase (NTE), and carboxylesterase (CbxE) were compared in neuroblastoma cells of human origin (SH-SY5Y) and murine origin (NB41A3). 2. Mouse neuroblastoma cells had lower specific activities of NTE and CbxE than did human neuroblastoma cells; specific ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02027.x
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The field of extracellular nucleotides and purinoceptors has undergone a resurgence of interest and enthusiasm in the past decade. More and more investigators are probing the physiological and pathophysiological roles of P2 receptors in virtually every organ system, including the kidney. 2. With this renewed intere...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1681.2001.03450.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Econazole is used clinically as an antifungal drug with many different in vitro effects. However, the effects of econazole on prostate cancer cells are unknown. The effects of econazole on intracellular Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in and the proliferation of human PC3 prostate cancer cells was explored in the pre...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2005.04254.x
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were prepared with chronic cannulae in the carotid artery, jugular vein and urinary bladder; they were then kept 2 days to allow recovery from surgery. A steady-state continuous saline diuresis was established, then various anaesthetic agents were injected and changes in the urine flow, sodium and potassium excre...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1985.tb02311.x
更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A high-salt diet in rats has been shown to result in enhanced vasoconstrictor and/or reduced vasodilator responses of isolated arteries to agonists. The present experiments were designed to investigate the effects of dietary salt on the responses of the pressurized mesenteric resistance artery of the dog to constricto...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.2004.04069.x
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. When six female seropositive rheumatoid patients were given placebo therapy for 48 h, their plasma kininogen level, 9.2 +/- 0.7 microgram bradykinin equivalents (bk eq) per ml, was found to be 59% greater than that of a group of eight healthy female volunteers (5.8 +/- 0.5 microgram/ml). 2. When the rheumatoid pati...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1980.tb00082.x
更新日期：1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The effects of ethacrynic acid were studied on relaxations elicited by nitric oxide (NO), the NO-donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), nitrergic nerve stimulation and the NO-independent agent papaverine in isolated preparations of rat anococcygeus muscles. 2. Ethacrynic acid (100 mumol/L)...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1994.tb02515.x
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Effects of FR139317, an endothelin ETA receptor antagonist, on renal haemodynamic and excretory responses to acute nitric oxide (NO) blockade were examined using anaesthetized rats. 2. Intrarenal arterial infusion of NG-nitro-L-arginine (NOARG), the NO synthase inhibitor, at a rate of 40 micrograms/kg per min, prod...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02229.x
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Activation of bulbospinal neurons projecting from the C1 area of the rostral ventrolateral medulla evokes a pressor response. The nature of the neurotransmitters involved in mediating this response at spinal cord level has not been established. 2. Amino acid antagonists were introduced into the spinal subarachnoid ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01056.x
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Structural changes in resistance vessels were studied sequentially (a) by hindquarter perfusion and (b) by planimetry of renal arterioles less than or equal to 20 micrometers radius, for 10 weeks during development of DOCA (deoxycorticosterone acetate)/salt hypertension in uninephrectomized rats and 5 weeks after c...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1681.1982.tb00812.x
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
