Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Nitrate (NO3-)-rich beetroot (BR) juice supplementation has been shown to improve cardiovascular function via reduction to nitrite (NO2-) and then to the bioactive molecule nitric oxide (NO). However, limited research exists for the role of inorganic NO2- that is contained naturally within BR. OBJECTIVE:As BR juice can naturally contain both NO3- and NO2- the objective of this study was to evaluate the individual effects of NO3- and NO2- consumed from BR on plasma [NO3-]/[NO2-] and their subsequent effects on various cardiovascular measures. DESIGN:In four separate treatments, 11 healthy adults consumed 250 mL of BR containing one of the following: (i) high NO3-, low NO2- (HL; 572 mg NO3-, 32 mg NO2-); (ii) medium NO3-, medium NO2- (MM; 280 mg NO3-, 237 mg NO2-); (iii) low NO3-, medium NO2- (LM; 43 mg NO3-, 262 mg NO2-); (iv) placebo (PL; low NO3-, low NO2-: 8 mg NO3-, 5.8 mg NO2-). Plasma [NO3-]/[NO2-], blood pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output and stroke volume were measured at baseline and every hour or second hour for 6 h post-BR consumption. OUTCOMES:Ingestion of the HL and MM BR increased plasma [NO2-] and [NO3-] after 2 h, with both remaining elevated after 6 h (p < 0.05). LM increased plasma [NO3-] (p < 0.05) but did not increase plasma [NO2-] compared to PL (p = 0.177). MAP was lower following the consumption of HL at 4 h and LM at 6 h (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Inorganic NO3- consumption is the critical factor in elevating plasma [NO3-] and [NO2-]; however, both NO2- and NO3- show potential to reduce MAP. The known reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (DBP) following NO3- supplementation was not observed, making it unclear if NO2- contributes to a reduction in SBP/DBP alongside NO3-.
journal_name
Nutrientsjournal_title
Nutrientsauthors
Jakubcik EM,Rutherfurd-Markwick K,Chabert M,Wong M,Ali Adoi
10.3390/nu13020281subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-01-20 00:00:00issue
2issn
2072-6643pii
nu13020281journal_volume
13pub_type
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