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Gender-specific prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among elderly Bangladeshi people: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:We aimed to estimate the gender-specific prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among elderly people in Bangladesh. DESIGN AND METHOD:We analysed data from the food security and nutrition surveillance round 2018-2019. The multistage cluster sampling method was used to select the study population. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg and/or having a history of hypertension. We carried out the descriptive analysis, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to report the weighted prevalence of hypertension as well as crude and adjusted ORs with 95% CI. A p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. SETTING:The study was conducted in 82 clusters (57 rural, 15 non-slum urban and 10 slums) in all eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 2482 males and 2335 females aged ≥60 years were included in this analysis. RESULTS:The weighted prevalence of hypertension was 42% and 56% among males and females, respectively. The prevalence was higher among females across all sociodemographic, behavioural and clinical strata. Factors associated with higher odds of hypertension (adjusted OR (AOR) (95% CI) for males and females, respectively) were age ≥70 years (1.32 (1.09, 1.60) and 1.40 (1.15, 1.71)); insufficient physical activity (1.50 (1.25, 1.81) and 1.38 (1.15, 1.67)); higher waist circumference (2.76 (2.22, 3.43) and 2.20 (1.82, 2.67)); and self-reported diabetes (1.36 (1.02, 1.82) and 1.82 (1.35, 2.45)). Additionally, living in slums decreased (0.71 (0.52, 0.96)) and education >10 years increased odds of hypertension (1.83 (1.38, 2.44)) among males. CONCLUSION:In Bangladesh, half of the elderly persons were hypertensive, with a higher prevalence in females. In both sexes, odds of hypertension was higher among persons with older age (≥70 years), insufficient physical activity, higher waist circumference and self-reported diabetes. The Ministry of Health of Bangladesh should consider these findings while designing and implementing health programmes for elderly population.

journal_name

BMJ Open

journal_title

BMJ open

authors

Hanif AAM,Shamim AA,Hossain MM,Hasan M,Khan MSA,Hossaine M,Ullah MA,Sarker SK,Rahman SMM,Mitra DK,Mridha MK

doi

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038326

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2021-01-21 00:00:00

pages

e038326

issue

issn

2044-6055

pii

bmjopen-2020-038326

journal_volume

pub_type

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Gender-specific prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among elderly Bangladeshi people: findings from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey.