Stabilin-1 plays a protective role against Listeria monocytogenes infection through the regulation of cytokine and chemokine production and immune cell recruitment.

abstract：:Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a crucial part of the innate immune system of eukaryotes and present a possible alternative to common antibiotics. It is therefore of great importance to understand their modes of action. Using a single-molecule approach in combination with high resolution imaging and bio-functional a...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Leptihn S,Guo L,Frecer V,Ho B,Ding JL,Wohland T

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the recently published ProHOSP trial, we investigated the safety and external validity of procalcitonin (PCT) guidance for antibiotic therapy in patients with different severities of lower respiratory tract infections, mainly pneumonia. In this addendum, we aim to extend the initial report by reinforcing the ration...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Schuetz P,Christ-Crain M,Albrich W,Zimmerli W,Mueller B,ProHOSP Study Group.

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium, subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is becoming increasingly widespread on dairy farms worldwide, due in part, to the absence of vaccine/drug or curative modalities.  This spread is of concern since MAP is at the center of a controversy as to its role in Crohn's disease.  ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Click RE,Van Kampen CL

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In our recent paper, we demonstrated that the hypervirulence exhibited by a lineage of the fatal fungal pathogen Cryptococcus gattii is associated with its mitochondrial gene expression and an unusual mitochondrial morphology. As an important organelle, the mitochondrion has been linked to various cellular activities,...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Ma H,May RC

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome, is a versatile pathogen armed with a host of factors countering the antiviral type I interferon (IFN) system. Hence, tissue cells infected with SARS-CoV are unable to launch an IFN response. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, however, pr...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Kuri T,Weber F

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The outcome of Leishmania infection depends both on host and pathogen factors. Macrophages, the specialized host cells for uptake and intracellular development of Leishmania, play a central role in the control of infection. Leishmania has evolved strategies to downregulate host cell functions, largely mediated by the ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Gómez MA,Olivier M

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Data on Candida infection among critically ill trauma patients are limited and not recently updated. Here we study the epidemiology and economic impact of Candida and examine potential risk factors for Candida infection in this population. METHODS:In this 5-year retrospective study, all severely injured pat...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Manolakaki D,Velmahos G,Kourkoumpetis T,Chang Y,Alam HB,De Moya MM,Mylonakis E

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type I and II interferons (IFNs αβ and γ) have opposing effects on immune resistance to certain pathogenic bacteria. While IFNγ generally plays a protective role, IFNαβ exacerbates Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Our findings provided evidence that this increased susceptibility reflec...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Rayamajhi M,Humann J,Kearney S,Hill KK,Lenz LL

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Candida albicans can develop biofilms on medical devices and these biofilms are most often nourished by a continuous flow of body fluids and subjected to shear stress forces. While many C. albicans biofilm studies have been carried out using in vitro static models, more limited information is available for biofilms de...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Uppuluri P,Lopez-Ribot JL

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous investigations demonstrated that optimization of murine immunological reactivity in tissue culture required a sulfhydryl compound; the most effective being 2-mercaptoethanol (2-Me). Since these reports, 2-Me was found beneficial for both growth/function of other cell-types in vitro, including those of other s...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Click RE

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the result of their adaptation to the host, intracellular pathogens have evolved mechanisms to usurp and take the control of eukaryotic processes. In the case of Salmonella, this is in part achieved through the cytoplasmic translocation of bacterial effectors capable of acting on the biology of infected cells. Thes...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Leone P,Méresse S

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until very recently, only one species (P. reichenowi) was known to be a phylogenetic sister lineage of P. falciparum, the main malignant agent of human malaria. In 2009 and 2010, new studies have revealed the existence of several new phylogenetic species related to this deadly parasite and infecting chimpanzees and go...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Prugnolle F,Ayala F,Ollomo B,Arnathau C,Durand P,Renaud F

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An evaluation of 22 EHEC genes was carried out for virulence classification of VTEC. The data consisted of 116 patient isolates and 42 beef isolates. The symptoms among patients ranged from mild (diarrhea) to severe (bloody diarrhea and HUS). A cluster of genes-efa1, eae, ecf4, paa, and ureC-were more frequent in pati...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Andersson T,Nilsson C,Kjellin E,Toljander J,Welinder-Olsson C,Lindmark H

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Gram-negative coccobacillus Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) has become an increasingly prevalent cause of hospital-acquired infections during the last two decades primarily resulting in pneumonia and complicated infections, including wound infections in troops injured in Afghanistan and Iraq. Moreover, the majority o...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Mihu MR,Martinez LR

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CLP (c-AMP receptor protein like protein) from the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris (Xc) is a moderately strong c-di-GMP binder. After binding with c-di-GMP, XcCLP is dissociated from DNA, thus changing the expression profile of approximately 300 downstream genes, many of which are involved in the pathogenicity o...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Chou SH

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In addition to phialidic conidia (PC), A. terreus produces accessory conidia (AC) both in vitro and in vivo. AC are distinct from PC in cell surface architecture, with the AC surfaces displaying more β-glucan, a molecule that can be a trigger for the induction of inflammatory responses. The present study follows β-glu...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Deak E,Nelson M,Hernández-Rodríguez Y,Gade L,Baddley J,Momany M,Steele C,Balajee SA

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The M protein coats group A streptococci (GAS) and acts as the primary antigen and determinant of type-specific immunity. M is essential for GAS virulence, providing antiphagocytic functions critical to survival in human tissues and fluids. Specific regions of M protein also serve as shared antigens, and cross-reactiv...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Metzgar D,Zampolli A

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmigration of neuropathogens across the blood-brain barrier is a key step in the development of central nervous system infections, making it a prime target for drug development. The ability of neuropathogens to traverse the blood-brain barrier continues to inspire researchers to understand the specific strategies ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Siddiqui R,Edwards-Smallbone J,Flynn R,Khan NA

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that occupies diverse environmental niches and is capable of causing a range of infections in humans. This versatility suggests that it has sophisticated mechanisms to sense and respond to the surrounding microenvironment. Two-component sensors are commonly used by bacteria t...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Chand NS,Hung DT

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a significant human pathogen which has mostly foodborne and waterborne modes of transmission. Although capable of infecting several hosts, the main source of this bacterium is cattle. In humans, it mainly causes hemorrhagic colitis, bloody diarrhea, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. This bacte...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Chauret C

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive aspergillosis is a life-threatening disease mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. Patients at risk are generally immunocompromised and lungs are assumed to provide the primary site for infection and invasive disease manifestation. Contrarily, visceral organ involvement appears to result from a subsequent he...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Jouvion G,Brock M,Droin-Bergère S,Ibrahim-Granet O

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier physiologically protects the meningeal spaces from blood-borne bacterial pathogens, due to the existence of specialized junctional interendothelial complexes. Few bacterial pathogens are able to reach the subarachnoidal space and among those, Neisseria meningitidis is the one that...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Coureuil M,Join-Lambert O,Lécuyer H,Bourdoulous S,Marullo S,Nassif X

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial cell wall components, such LPS and LTA, are potent initiators of an inflammatory response that can lead to septic shock. The advances in the past were centered around membrane-bound receptors and intracellular events, but our understanding of the initial interactions of these bacterial components with serum ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Triantafilou M,Mouratis MA,Lepper PM,Haston RM,Baldwin F,Lowes S,Ahmed MA,Schumann C,Boyd O,Triantafilou K

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse models have facilitated the study of fungal pneumonia. In this report, we present the working protocols of groups that are working on the following pathogens: Aspergillus, Coccidioides, Cryptococcus, Fusarium, Histoplasma and Rhizopus. We describe the experimental procedures and the detailed methods that have be...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Muhammed M,Feldmesser M,Shubitz LF,Lionakis MS,Sil A,Wang Y,Glavis-Bloom J,Lewis RE,Galgiani JN,Casadevall A,Kontoyiannis DP,Mylonakis E

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Suppression during the early phases of the immune system often correlates directly with a fatal outcome for the host. The ebolaviruses, some of the most lethal viruses known, appear to cripple initial stages of the host defense network via multiple distinct paths. Two of the eight viral proteins are critical for immun...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Zhang AP,Abelson DM,Bornholdt ZA,Liu T,Woods VL Jr,Saphire EO

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is hypersusceptible to Burkholderia pseudomallei infection. However, the virulence mechanisms underlying rapid lethality of C. elegans upon B. pseudomallei infection remain poorly defined. To probe the host-pathogen interaction, we constructed GFP-tagged B. pseudomallei and followed...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Ooi SK,Lim TY,Lee SH,Nathan S

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) is a human bacterial pathogen of global significance, causing severe invasive diseases associated with serious morbidity and mortality. To survive within the host and establish an infection, GAS requires essential nutrients, including iron. The streptococcal hemoprot...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Dahesh S,Nizet V,Cole JN

更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) is a human pathogen that causes millions of infections worldwide. Comparison between GAS strains isolated in different laboratories all over the world is often difficult. Three usually used methods have either low resolution (emm typing), are expensive (MLST) or time- and labor-consuming (...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Obszańska K,Borek AL,Hryniewicz W,Sitkiewicz I

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial resistance is a growing threat and yet few new antibiotics active against multi-resistant bacteria are being explored. A combination of falling profits, regulatory mechanisms and irrational and injudicious use of antibiotics has led to an alarming situation where some infections have no cure. In this article...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Gould IM,Bal AM

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Listeria monocytogenes the causative agent of the foodborne disease listeriosis in humans often involves fatal brainstem infections leading to meningitis and meningoencephalitis. We recently established the larvae of the greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) as a model host for the investigation of L. monocytogenes p...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Mukherjee K,Hain T,Fischer R,Chakraborty T,Vilcinskas A

更新日期：2013-05-15 00:00:00