Abstract:
BACKGROUND:There is major concern about the impact of the global COVID-19 outbreak on mental health. Several studies suggest that mental health deteriorated in many countries before and during enforced isolation (ie, lockdown), but it remains unknown how mental health has changed week by week over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the trajectories of anxiety and depression over the 20 weeks after lockdown was announced in England, and compare the growth trajectories by individual characteristics. METHODS:In this prospective longitudinal observational study, we analysed data from the UCL COVID-19 Social Study, a panel study weighted to population proportions, which collects information on anxiety (using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder assessment) and depressive symptoms (using the Patient Health Questionnaire) weekly in the UK since March 21, 2020. We included data from adults living in England who had at least three repeated measures between March 23 and Aug 9, 2020. Analyses were done using latent growth models, which were fitted to account for sociodemographic and health covariates. FINDINGS:Between March 23, and Aug 9, data from over 70 000 adults were collected in the UCL COVID-19 Social Study. When including participants living in England with three follow-up measures and no missing values, our analytic sample consisted of 36 520 participants. The average depression score was 6·6 (SD=6·0, range 0-27) and the average anxiety score 5·7 (SD=5·6, range 0-21) in week 1. Anxiety and depression levels both declined across the first 20 weeks following the introduction of lockdown in England (b=-1·93, SE=0·26, p<0·0001 for anxiety; b=-2·52, SE=0·28, p<0·0001 for depressive symptoms). The fastest decreases were seen across the strict lockdown period (between weeks 2 and 5), with symptoms plateauing as further lockdown easing measures were introduced (between weeks 16 and 20). Being a woman or younger, having lower educational attainment, lower income, or pre-existing mental health conditions, and living alone or with children were all risk factors for higher levels of anxiety and depression at the start of lockdown. Many of these inequalities in experiences were reduced as lockdown continued, but differences were still evident 20 weeks after the start of lockdown. INTERPRETATION:These data suggest that the highest levels of depression and anxiety occurred in the early stages of lockdown but declined fairly rapidly, possibly because individuals adapted to circumstances. Our findings emphasise the importance of supporting individuals in the lead-up to future lockdowns to try to reduce distress, and highlight that groups already at risk for poor mental health before the pandemic have remained at risk throughout lockdown and its aftermath. FUNDING:Nuffield Foundation, UK Research and Innovation, Wellcome Trust.
journal_name
Lancet Psychiatryjournal_title
The lancet. Psychiatryauthors
Fancourt D,Steptoe A,Bu Fdoi
10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30482-Xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2021-02-01 00:00:00pages
141-149issue
2eissn
2215-0366issn
2215-0374pii
S2215-0366(20)30482-Xjournal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Long-standing concerns exist about reverse causation and residual confounding in the prospective association between job strain and risk of future common mental disorders. We aimed to address these concerns through analysis of data collected in the UK National Child Development Study, a large British cohort ...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30137-8
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adults with intellectual disabilities have substantial health inequalities and poor access to health care. We assessed whether practice nurse-delivered health checks could improve the health of adults with intellectual disabilities compared with standard care. METHODS:In this cluster-design, single-blind, r...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00078-9
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many studies suggest that electroencephalographic (EEG) neurofeedback might be beneficial in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, numbers of well controlled studies are low and neurofeedback techniques are regarded as highly controversial. The present trial examined the ...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30291-2
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contemporary psychiatry faces major challenges. Its syndrome-based disease classification is not based on mechanisms and does not guide treatment, which largely depends on trial and error. The development of therapies is hindered by ignorance of potential beneficiary patient subgroups. Neuroscientific and genetics res...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00361-2
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Housing First is increasingly implemented for homeless adults with mental illness in large urban centres, but little is known about its long-term effectiveness. The At Home/Chez Soi randomised controlled trial done in five cities in Canada showed that Housing First improved housing stability and other select...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30371-2
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Suicidal ideation due to abortion has been used to justify restrictive US abortion policies. Much research examining abortion and mental health has relied on self-report, has had low participation rates, and did not consider confounding factors. In the present study, we used data that do not rely on self-rep...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30400-6
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-harm in adolescents is common and repetition occurs in a high proportion of these cases. Scarce evidence exists for effectiveness of interventions to reduce self-harm. METHODS:This pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial of family therapy versus treatment as usual was done at 40 UK Child a...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30058-0
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoke-free policies are important to protect health and reduce health inequalities. A major barrier to policy implementation in psychiatric hospitals is staff concern that physical violence will increase. We aimed to assess the effect of implementing a comprehensive smoke-free policy on rates of physical ass...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30209-2
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this Review is to identify effective interventions and treatment guidelines to manage common types of psychiatric emergencies in non-specialist settings in low-income and middle-income countries. Mental health specialist services in low-income and middle-income countries are scarce. We did a systematic revi...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00094-2
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suicide is the 15th leading cause of death worldwide, with over 75% of suicides occurring in low-income and middle-income countries. Nonetheless, evidence on the association between suicide and poverty in low-income and middle-income countries is scarce. We did a systematic review to understand the association between...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30066-9
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A spectrum of severity of paranoia (unfounded thoughts that others are deliberately intending to cause harm) exists within the general population. This is unsurprising: deciding whether to trust or mistrust is a vital aspect of human cognition, but accurate judgment of others' intentions is challenging. The severest f...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)00066-3
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early social deprivation can negatively affect domains of functioning. We examined psychopathology at age 12 years in a cohort of Romanian children who had been abandoned at birth and placed into institutional care, then assigned either to be placed in foster care or to care as usual. METHODS:We used follow...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00095-4
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) added to specialist medical care (SMC), or graded exercise therapy (GET) added to SMC, are more effective in reducing fatigue and improving physical function than both adaptive pacing therapy (APT) plus SMC and SMC alone for chronic fatigue syndrome. We investigate putative ...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00069-8
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The definition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) underwent substantial changes in the 2013 edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). How this will affect estimates of prevalence, whether clinical utility has been improved, and how many individuals who meet symptom c...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70235-4
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Provision of early intervention services has increased the rate of social recovery in patients with first-episode psychosis; however, many individuals have continuing severe and persistent problems with social functioning. We aimed to assess the efficacy of early intervention services augmented with social r...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30476-5
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The first episode of psychosis is a crucial period when early intervention can alter the trajectory of the young person's ongoing mental health and general functioning. After an investigation into completed suicides in the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) programme, the intensive ca...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00127-8
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With a lifetime risk for major depressive disorder of up to 50%, depression is a common comorbidity in multiple sclerosis but remains widely underdiagnosed and untreated. We investigated the potential of a fully automated, internet-based, cognitive behavioural therapy programme, Deprexis, to reduce depressiv...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00049-2
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The benefits and safety of medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain controversial, and guidelines are inconsistent on which medications are preferred across different age groups. We aimed to estimate the comparative efficacy and tolerability of oral medications for ADHD in child...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30269-4
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In view of the high co-occurrence of depression and insomnia, a novel way to reduce the risk of escalating depression might be to offer an insomnia intervention. We aimed to assess whether an online self-help insomnia program could reduce depression symptoms. METHODS:We did this randomised controlled trial ...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00536-2
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social anxiety disorder-a chronic and naturally unremitting disease that causes substantial impairment-can be treated with pharmacological, psychological, and self-help interventions. We aimed to compare these interventions and to identify which are most effective for the acute treatment of social anxiety di...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70329-3
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cannabis use and related problems are on the rise globally alongside an increase in the potency of cannabis sold on both black and legal markets. Additionally, there has been a shift towards abandoning prohibition for a less punitive and more permissive legal stance on cannabis, such as decriminalisation and legalisat...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(17)30075-5
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitin-proteasome system is a master regulator of neural development and the maintenance of brain structure and function. It influences neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, and neurotransmission by determining the localisation, interaction, and turnover of scaffolding, presynaptic, and postsynaptic proteins. Moreover,...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30520-6
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anxiety in children is common, impairs everyday functioning, and increases the risk of severe mental health disorders in adulthood. We investigated the effect of a classroom-based cognitive behaviour therapy prevention programme (FRIENDS) on anxiety symptoms in children. METHODS:Preventing Anxiety in Childr...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(14)70244-5
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::South Africa witnessed a national tragedy between October, 2015, and June, 2016, when the Department of Health in Gauteng province moved 1711 mental health-care users with severe mental illness or severe and profound intellectual disability out of facilities managed by a private company, Life Esidimeni, mainly into th...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30211-6
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substance use in young people (aged 10-24 years) might disrupt key periods of transition that occur as the adolescent brain undergoes cognitive and emotional development, and key psychosocial transitions are made. Adolescence is the peak time for initiation of substance use, with tobacco and alcohol usually preceding ...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00508-8
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) phenomenology is reported to be more common in individuals with some genetic syndromes than in the general population; however, no meta-analysis has provided prevalence data within and between syndromes. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to synthesise data f...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00376-4
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Use of involuntary psychiatric hospitalisation varies widely within and between countries. The factors that place individuals and populations at increased risk of involuntary hospitalisation are unclear, and evidence is needed to understand these disparities and inform development of interventions to reduce ...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30406-7
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Compulsory community treatment (CCT) aims to reduce hospital readmissions among people with mental illness. However, research examining the usefulness of CCT is inconclusive. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of CCT in reducing readmission and length of stay in hospital and increasing community service us...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30382-1
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-quality data on funding for mental health research are essential to mapping funding levels, identifying gaps in the funding landscape, and tracking the impact of research funding. To date, quantitative analyses of research funding in mental health have been restricted in scope. In this Health Policy paper, we pre...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30469-7
更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decade, concussion has become the most widely discussed injury in contact sports. However, concussions also occur in several other settings, such as non-contact sports, elderly individuals, young children, military personnel, and victims of domestic violence. Concussion is frequently undiagnosed as a cau...
journal_title:The lancet. Psychiatry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30266-8
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00