Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:Bacteria have been extensively implicated in the development of smoking related diseases, such as COPD, by either direct infection or bacteria-mediated inflammation. In response to the health risks associated with tobacco exposure, the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) has increased. This study compared the effect of e-cig vapour (ECV) and cigarette smoke (CSE) on the virulence and inflammatory potential of key lung pathogens (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). METHODS:Biofilm formation, virulence in the Galleria mellonella infection model, antibiotic susceptibility and IL-8/TNF-α production in A549 cells, were compared between bacteria exposed to ECV, CSE and non-exposed bacteria. RESULTS:Statistically significant increases in biofilm and cytokine secretion were observed following bacterial exposure to either ECV or CSE, compared to non-exposed bacteria; the effect of exposure to ECV on bacterial phenotype and virulence was comparable, and in some cases greater, than that observed following CSE exposure. Treatment of A549 cells with cell signaling pathway inhibitors prior to infection, did not suggest that alternative signaling pathways were being activated following exposure of bacteria to either ECV or CSE. CONCLUSIONS:These findings therefore suggest that ECV and CSE can induce changes in phenotype and virulence of key lung pathogens, which may increase bacterial persistence and inflammatory potential.
journal_name
Respir Resjournal_title
Respiratory researchauthors
Gilpin DF,McGown KA,Gallagher K,Bengoechea J,Dumigan A,Einarsson G,Elborn JS,Tunney MMdoi
10.1186/s12931-019-1206-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-12-18 00:00:00pages
267issue
1eissn
1465-9921issn
1465-993Xpii
10.1186/s12931-019-1206-8journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract：STUDY OBJECTIVE:The primary aim of this study was to investigate whether IMA levels are helpful in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). The secondary aim was to determine whether IMA was more effective alone or in combination with clinical probability scores in the diagnosis of PE. Thirdly, the sensitivity and spe...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-9-49
更新日期：2008-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Prior microrheologic assessments of selected, microlitre plugs of cystic fibrosis (CF) sputum suggest no intrinsic rheologic abnormality. However, such analyses may not be representative of CF sputum as a whole. We therefore reassessed this question using whole sputum macrorheology. Additionally, we wished t...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-10-63
更新日期：2009-07-06 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cysteine-containing leukotrienes (cysteinyl-LTs) are pivotal inflammatory mediators that play important roles in the pathophysiology of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other inflammatory conditions. In particular, cysteinyl-LTs exert a variety of effects with relevance to the aetiology of asthma such as smoot...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-7-42
更新日期：2006-03-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) is one of the oxysterols, which are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, and has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. In lung, the possible involvement of 25-HC in airway diseases has been revealed. In the present study, we...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-13-63
更新日期：2012-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The CT image is used to assess the disease progress, whereas the continued two times of negative results from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection had been co...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1186/s12931-020-01363-7
更新日期：2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Low body mass index has been associated with increased mortality in severe COPD. The impact of body composition earlier in the disease remains unclear. We studied the impact of body composition on the risk of functional limitation in COPD. METHODS:We used bioelectrical impedance to estimate body composition...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-8-7
更新日期：2007-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the Berlin questionnaire in patients with suspected OSAS undergoing PSG in the sleep laboratory setting against those going through the Embletta™ portable dia...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1186/s12931-019-1009-y
更新日期：2019-02-22 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tobacco smoke and genetic susceptibility are risk factors for asthma and wheezing. The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a combined effect of interleukin-13 gene (IL13) polymorphisms and tobacco smoke on persistent childhood wheezing and asthma. METHODS:In the Isle of Wight birth cohort ...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-9-2
更新日期：2008-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) versus salmeterol/fluticasone (SFC) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with moderate to very severe airflow limitation and ≥1 exacerbation in the preceding year. METHODS:A previously published and valida...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1186/s12931-017-0688-5
更新日期：2017-12-11 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Mutations in the DNAI1 gene, encoding a component of outer dynein arms of the ciliary apparatus, are the second most important genetic cause of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), the genetically heterogeneous recessive disorder with the prevalence of ~1/20,000. The estimates of the DNAI1 involvement in PCD pa...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-11-174
更新日期：2010-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:β2 receptor agonists induce airway smooth muscle relaxation by increasing intracellular cAMP production. PKA is the traditional downstream signaling pathway of cAMP. Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) was identified as another important signaling molecule of cAMP recently. The role of Epac in...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-019-1260-2
更新日期：2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Many patients with persistent asthma can be controlled with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). However, a considerable proportion of patients remain symptomatic, despite the use of ICS. We present systematically evidence that supports the different treatment options. A literature search was made of Medline/PubMed to ident...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-5-17
更新日期：2004-10-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent consensus statements demonstrate the breadth of the chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) differential diagnosis. However, the classification and mechanisms of different CRS phenotypes remains problematic. METHOD:Statistical patterns of subjective and objective findings were assessed by retrospective chart re...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-6-149
更新日期：2005-12-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Reports regarding gender-related differences in COPD expression have provided conflicting results. In the French Initiatives BPCO real-world cohort, which contained 688 patients (146 women) when data were extracted, women were matched with men (1:3 ratio: n = 107:275) on age (5-year intervals) and FEV1 (5% predicted i...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-15-20
更新日期：2014-02-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare disease with a median survival of 3-5 years after diagnosis with limited treatment options. The aim of this study is to assess the psychometric characteristics of the Short Form 36 Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36) in IPF and to provide disease specific minimal...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-019-1010-5
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:CD14, a receptor for lipopolysaccharides (LPS), is found in both a membrane-bound form (mCD14) and a soluble form (sCD14). It is suggested that sCD14 is mainly released from blood monocytes by serine protease-mediated shedding. Because alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), an inhibitor of serine proteases, has been show...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-9-34
更新日期：2008-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory diseases including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterised by excessive and persistent inflammation. Current treatments are often inadequate for symptom and disease control, and hence new therapies are warranted. Recent emerging research has implicated dyslipidaemia in pul...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1186/s12931-017-0526-9
更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The lung responds to a variety of insults in a remarkably consistent fashion but with inconsistent outcomes that vary from complete resolution and return to normal to the destruction of normal architecture and progressive fibrosis. Increasing evidence indicates that diffuse lung disease results from an imbalance betwe...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1186/rr177
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:ATP-regulated potassium channels (KATP) regulate pulmonary vascular tone and are involved in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). In patients with inflammation like sepsis or ARDS, HPV is impaired, resulting in a ventilation-perfusion mismatch and hypoxia. Since increase of vascular KATP channel Kir6.1 ...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-018-0735-x
更新日期：2018-02-13 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Antigen desensitization through oral tolerance is becoming an increasingly attractive treatment option for allergic diseases. However, the mechanism(s) by which tolerization is achieved remain poorly defined. In this study we endeavored to induce oral tolerance to cockroach allergen (CRA: a complex mixture o...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-11-160
更新日期：2010-11-23 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Possible variation in bronchodilator response (BDR) according to age at the diagnosis of adult-onset asthma is unknown. Our aim was to assess if BDR in FEV1 is related to age at diagnosis of adult-onset asthma and how many subjects fulfill the 400 mL criterion of BDR, the suggested cut-off for asthma-like re...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-020-01441-w
更新日期：2020-07-13 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The assessment of bronchodilator-induced change in forced vital capacity (FVC) is dependent on forced expiratory time (FET) in subjects with airflow limitation. Limited information is available on the concurrent responses of FVC, forced expiratory volume in six seconds (FEV6), and FET in the bronchodilation ...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-10-71
更新日期：2009-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The prevalence and incidence of sarcoidosis varies worldwide. We estimated the prevalence and incidence of sarcoidosis in Korea using nationwide claims data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. METHODS:Cases of sarcoidosis were identified for any visit between 2007 to 2016 that li...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-018-0871-3
更新日期：2018-08-28 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We have previously shown that vitamin D deficiency has a detrimental impact on lung development. In this study, we aimed to identify the mechanisms linking vitamin D with lung development using a mouse model of dietary manipulation. METHODS:Female offspring were euthanized at different time-points; embryoni...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-016-0362-3
更新日期：2016-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:For decades, there is an unresolved debate about adequate prescription of antibiotics for patients suffering from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this systematic review was to analyse randomised controlled trials investigating the clinical benefit of antibiotics for ...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-8-30
更新日期：2007-04-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have indicated the presence of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in human lung diseases. Excess airway smooth muscle, myofibroblasts and activated fibroblasts have each been noted in asthma, suggesting that mesenchymal progenitor cells play a role in asthma pathogenesis. We therefor...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-11-127
更新日期：2010-09-21 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The prevalence of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and associated hypoxic respiratory failure is increasing in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients. However, no prior studies have evaluated the effect of early anti-PCP treatment on clinical outcomes in HIV-negative patient with severe PCP. Theref...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-019-1188-6
更新日期：2019-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an inflammatory lung disorder. COPD is characterized by an increase in CD8(+) T cells within the central and peripheral airways. We hypothesized that the CD8(+) T cells in COPD patients have increased Toll-like receptor ...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1465-9921-12-149
更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with severe uncontrolled asthma may receive oral corticosteroid (OCS) treatment regularly. The present study investigated the health care resource utilization and cost in regularly OCS treated Swedish asthma patients. METHODS:Primary care medical records data were linked to data from Swedish nation...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-018-0855-3
更新日期：2018-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been associated with increased risk of acute exacerbations, hospitalization, emergency room visits, costs, and quality-of-life impairment. However, it remains unclear whether GERD contributes...
journal_title：Respiratory research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12931-020-01469-y
更新日期：2020-08-03 00:00:00
