RNA-seq in Skeletal Biology.

Abstract:

PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal of this paper is to review state-of-the-art transcriptome profiling methods and their recent applications in the field of skeletal biology. RECENT FINDINGS:Next-generation sequencing of mRNA (RNA-seq) methods have been established and routinely used in skeletal biology research. RNA-seq has led to the identification of novel genes and transcription factors involved in skeletal development and disease, through its application in small and large animal models, as well as human tissue and cells. With the availability of advanced techniques such as single-cell RNA-seq, novel cell types in skeletal tissues are being identified. As the sequencing technologies are rapidly evolving, the exciting discoveries supported by transcriptomics will continue to emerge and improve our understanding of the biology of the skeleton.

journal_name

Curr Osteoporos Rep

authors

Ayturk U

doi

10.1007/s11914-019-00517-x

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-08-01 00:00:00

pages

178-185

issue

4

eissn

1544-1873

issn

1544-2241

pii

10.1007/s11914-019-00517-x

journal_volume

17

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Is it ethical to use placebos in osteoporosis clinical trials?

    abstract::Because there are now effective agents for treatment of osteoporosis, the question is being raised as to whether or not it is ethical to have placebo-controlled trials of new agents. It is ethical for patients who are at low risk of serious or irreversible harm to participate in placebo-controlled trials as long as th...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-004-0012-4

    authors: Watts NB

    更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00

  • Choosing a treatment for patients at the time a fracture is presented.

    abstract::The occurrence of a fragility fracture is an opportunity to recognize osteoporosis and begin treatment to reduce the risk of another fracture. However, selecting the treatment may have an impact on the incident fracture and this requires careful consideration of the patient and the treatment choices. There is no conse...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0061-4

    authors: Tanner SB

    更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00

  • Biomechanics of Osteoporotic Fracture Fixation.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fractures of osteoporotic bone in elderly individuals need special attention. This manuscript reviews the current strategies to provide sufficient fracture fixation stability with a particular focus on fractures that frequently occur in elderly individuals with osteoporosis and require full load-beari...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00535-9

    authors: Hollensteiner M,Sandriesser S,Bliven E,von Rüden C,Augat P

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00

  • Current Understanding of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management of Atypical Femur Fractures.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize reports published since the 2013 American Society of Bone and Mineral Research Task Force Report on atypical femoral fractures (AFF). RECENT FINDINGS:The absolute incidence of AFFs remains low. AFFs are primarily associated with prolonged bisphosphonate (BP) exposure, but have also been ...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-018-0464-6

    authors: Starr J,Tay YKD,Shane E

    更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00

  • microRNA Regulation of Skeletal Development.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteogenesis is a complex process involving the specification of multiple progenitor cells and their maturation and differentiation into matrix-secreting osteoblasts. Osteogenesis occurs not only during embryogenesis but also during growth, after an injury, and in normal homeostatic maintenance. While...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-017-0379-7

    authors: Sera SR,Zur Nieden NI

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Timing of subsequent fractures after an initial fracture.

    abstract::A prior fracture is a well-documented risk factor for a subsequent fracture and it doubles the risk of subsequent fractures. Few studies have investigated the time that elapses between the initial and subsequent fracture. These studies show that the subsequent fracture risk is not constant, but fluctuates over time. T...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-010-0023-2

    authors: van Geel TA,Huntjens KM,van den Bergh JP,Dinant GJ,Geusens PP

    更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00

  • Diabetes and Bone Marrow Adiposity.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This study aims to describe bone marrow fat changes in diabetes and to discuss the potential role of marrow fat in skeletal fragility. RECENT FINDINGS:Advances in non-invasive imaging have facilitated marrow fat research in humans. In contrast to animal studies which clearly demonstrate higher levels...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-016-0336-x

    authors: Kim TY,Schafer AL

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • The RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway.

    abstract::Understanding of osteoclast formation and activation has advanced considerably since the discovery of the RANKL/RANK/OPG system in the mid 1990s. Osteoblasts and stromal stem cells express receptor activator of NF-jB ligand (RANKL), which binds to its receptor, RANK, on the surface of osteoclasts and their precursors....

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0024-y

    authors: Boyce BF,Xing L

    更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00

  • Anorexia, bulimia, and the athletic triad: evaluation and management.

    abstract::Caloric restriction caused by undernutrition or over-exercise is increasingly common and has significant health consequences such as hypothalamic amenorrhea, infertility, attainment of low peak bone mass, and bone loss leading to fracture. In these patients, the pathophysiology of amenorrhea and bone loss is multifact...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-007-0011-3

    authors: Fenichel RM,Warren MP

    更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00

  • Calcium supplementation: is protecting against osteoporosis counter to protecting against cardiovascular disease?

    abstract::Calcium is the dominant mineral in bone and is a shortfall nutrient in the diet. For those consuming inadequate dietary calcium, calcium supplements have been a standard strategy for prevention of osteoporosis. Recently, calcium supplementation has been linked to both increased and decreased cardiovascular disease ris...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0208-1

    authors: Weaver CM

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00

  • The Cannabinoids Effect on Bone Formation and Bone Healing.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Here, we overview the latest findings from studies investigating the skeletal endocannabinoid (EC) system and its involvement in bone formation and resorption. RECENT FINDINGS:The endocannabinoid system consists of endogenous ligands, receptors, and enzymes. The main cannabinoids found in the cannabi...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00607-1

    authors: Raphael-Mizrahi B,Gabet Y

    更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00

  • The NPY system and its neural and neuroendocrine regulation of bone.

    abstract::The past decade has seen a significant expansion of our understanding of the interaction between the neural system and bone. While innervation of bone was long appreciated, the discovery of central relays from the hypothalamus to the cells of bone has seen the identification of a number of efferent neural pathways to ...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-012-0102-7

    authors: Khor EC,Baldock P

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) Drives Activation of Bone Remodelling and Skeletal Metastasis.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to explore the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) in the processes that underpin bone remodelling, particularly the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and its role in the development and metastasis of cancers that target the bone. RECENT FINDI...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00545-7

    authors: Mulholland BS,Forwood MR,Morrison NA

    更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00

  • Combining high-resolution micro-computed tomography with material composition to define the quality of bone tissue.

    abstract::Atraumatic fractures of the skeleton in osteoporotic patients are directly related to a deterioration of bone strength. However, the failure of the bone tissue to withstand functional load bearing cannot be explained as a simple decrease in bone mineral density (quantity); strength is also significantly dependent upon...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-003-0003-x

    authors: Judex S,Boyd S,Qin YX,Miller L,Müller R,Rubin C

    更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00

  • Parathyroid hormone and parathyroid hormone-related protein analogs as therapies for osteoporosis.

    abstract::Osteoporotic fractures result in significant morbidity and mortality. Anabolic agents reverse the negative skeletal balance that characterizes osteoporosis by stimulating osteoblast-dependent bone formation to a greater degree than osteoclast-dependent bone resorption. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0171-2

    authors: Augustine M,Horwitz MJ

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • Advanced CT based in vivo methods for the assessment of bone density, structure, and strength.

    abstract::Based on spiral 3D tomography a large variety of applications have been developed during the last decade to asses bone mineral density, bone macro and micro structure, and bone strength. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) using clinical whole body scanners provides separate assessment of trabecular, cortical, and ...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0147-2

    authors: Engelke K,Libanati C,Fuerst T,Zysset P,Genant HK

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Inherited Arterial Calcification Syndromes: Etiologies and Treatment Concepts.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We give an update on the etiology and potential treatment options of rare inherited monogenic disorders associated with arterial calcification and calcific cardiac valve disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Genetic studies of rare inherited syndromes have identified key regulators of ectopic calcification. Based...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-017-0370-3

    authors: Nitschke Y,Rutsch F

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Commentary: the five Ws of a Fracture Liaison Service: why, who, what, where, and how? In osteoporosis, we reap what we sow.

    abstract::Establishing a Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) to identify and treat patients with a recent fragility fracture has been shown to be effective, save money, useful to document high quality of care, and makes good clinical sense. A FLS starts with an osteoporosis champion and encompasses identification of patients with a ...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0177-9

    authors: Curtis JR,Silverman SL

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • The Skeletal Consequences of Bariatric Surgery.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review outlines the recent findings regarding the impact of bariatric surgery on bone. It explores potential mechanisms for skeletal changes following bariatric surgery and strategies for management. RECENT FINDINGS:Bone loss following bariatric surgery is multifactorial. Probable mechanisms inc...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00579-2

    authors: Krez AN,Stein EM

    更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00

  • HIV infection and osteoporosis: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment options.

    abstract::As the population with HIV continues to age, specialists in HIV care are increasingly encountering chronic health conditions, which now include osteoporosis, osteopenia, and fragility fractures. The pathophysiology of the bone effects of HIV infection is complex and includes traditional risk factors for bone loss as w...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-012-0125-0

    authors: Rothman MS,Bessesen MT

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • When the Nervous System Turns Skeletal Muscles into Bones: How to Solve the Conundrum of Neurogenic Heterotopic Ossification.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is the abnormal formation of extra-skeletal bones in periarticular muscles after damage to the central nervous system (CNS) such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, or cerebral anoxia. The purpose of this review is to summarize r...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00636-w

    authors: Alexander KA,Tseng HW,Salga M,Genêt F,Levesque JP

    更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00

  • Cellular Processes by Which Osteoblasts and Osteocytes Control Bone Mineral Deposition and Maturation Revealed by Stage-Specific EphrinB2 Knockdown.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We outline the diverse processes contributing to bone mineralization and bone matrix maturation by describing two mouse models with bone strength defects caused by restricted deletion of the receptor tyrosine kinase ligand EphrinB2. RECENT FINDINGS:Stage-specific EphrinB2 deletion differs in its effe...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00524-y

    authors: Blank M,Sims NA

    更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00

  • Osteocyte-Mediated Translation of Mechanical Stimuli to Cellular Signaling and Its Role in Bone and Non-bone-Related Clinical Complications.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteocytes comprise > 95% of the cellular component in bone tissue and produce a wide range of cytokines and cellular signaling molecules in response to mechanical stimuli. In this review, we aimed to summarize the molecular mechanisms involved in the osteocyte-mediated translation of mechanical stimu...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00564-9

    authors: Yan Y,Wang L,Ge L,Pathak JL

    更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00

  • Mouse Models of Frailty: an Emerging Field.

    abstract::Frailty is highly prevalent in the elderly, increasing the risk of poor outcomes that include falls, incident disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Thus, a great need exists to characterize the underlying mechanisms and ultimately identify strategies that prevent, delay, and even reverse frailty. Mouse models ca...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-015-0283-y

    authors: Seldeen KL,Pang M,Troen BR

    更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00

  • New and Old Osteocytic Cell Lines and 3D Models.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The aim of this review was to compile a list of tools currently available to study bone cells and in particular osteocytes. As the interest (and importance) in osteocyte biology has greatly expanded over the past decade, new tools and techniques have become available to study these elusive cells, RECE...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-020-00613-3

    authors: Divieti Pajevic P

    更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00

  • Altered Central Sensitization and Pain Modulation in the CNS in Chronic Joint Pain.

    abstract::Musculoskeletal pain disorders are the second largest contributor to global disability underlining the significance of effective treatments. However, treating chronic musculoskeletal pain, and chronic joint pain (osteoarthritis (OA)) in particular, is challenging as the underlying peripheral and central pain mechanism...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-015-0276-x

    authors: Arendt-Nielsen L,Skou ST,Nielsen TA,Petersen KK

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of smoke carcinogens on bone.

    abstract::The greatest cause of preventable morbidity and mortality is smoking, and one of the often-underappreciated effects of smoking is profound bone loss. The existing clinical paradigm for smoking is that there is a low turnover osteoporosis. This review highlights findings from recent clinical trials and animal research ...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-011-0068-x

    authors: Yan C,Avadhani NG,Iqbal J

    更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00

  • Influence of hormonal appetite and energy regulators on bone.

    abstract::Nutritional status is an essential component in determining whole body energy homeostasis. The balance between energy/food intake and metabolism is governed by a range of hormones secreted from various parts of the body. Their subsequent dissemination via the blood results in a wide range of biological responses inclu...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-013-0157-0

    authors: Khor EC,Wee NK,Baldock PA

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis: New Insights into the Pathophysiology and Treatments.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF THIS REVIEW:The goal of the review is to provide an updated understanding of the pathophysiology of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and treatment recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS:Glucocorticoids reduce osteoblast and osteocyte lifespan and activity and reduce the vascularity of the bone that together ma...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-019-00498-x

    authors: Lane NE

    更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00

  • Endocrine crosstalk between muscle and bone.

    abstract::The musculoskeletal system is a complex organ comprised of the skeletal bones, skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, joints, and other connective tissue that physically and mechanically interact to provide animals and humans with the essential ability of locomotion. This mechanical interaction is undoubtedl...

    journal_title:Current osteoporosis reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11914-014-0209-0

    authors: Brotto M,Johnson ML

    更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00