Prevalence and smokers' profile: comparisons between the psychiatric population and the general population.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:to identify the prevalence of smokers between the psychiatric population and the general population; to compare the personal, socio-demographic and clinical profile of smokers and non-smokers in the psychiatric population and the general population; to compare the reasons for smoking of these two population groups. METHOD:this is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical epidemiological study with 378 patients from three services: Ambulatory Mental Health, Psychiatric Hospital, and Basic Health Unit. Interviews were conducted with three questionnaires. The Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied. RESULTS:in the total of the 378 participants, 67% were women and 69% were over 40 years old. There was a higher prevalence of smokers among men, young people, illiterates, singles and with more than one government benefit. Smokers prevailed among schizophrenics, chronic patients, who used ≥ 3 psychotropic drugs and had a history of ≥ 4 psychiatric hospitalizations and/or suicide attempts. The main reason for smoking was the improvement of negative feelings. CONCLUSION:the prevalence of smokers is higher in the psychiatric population (especially among severely ill patients) and among men, young people, unmarried and with socioeconomic losses. The main reason for smoking is tension/relaxation relief. This study provides nurses and other professionals with knowledge capable of subsidizing the planning of smoking interventions in the Brazilian population. OBJETIVOS:identificar prevalência de fumantes entre a população psiquiátrica e a população geral; comparar o perfil pessoal, sociodemográfico e clínico dos fumantes e não fumantes da população psiquiátrica e da população geral; verificar as razões para fumar desses dois grupos populacionais. MÉTODO:estudo epidemiológico descritivo-analítico, de corte transversal, com 378 pacientes de três serviços: Ambulatório Saúde Mental, Hospital Psiquiátrico e Unidade Básica Saúde. Realizaram-se entrevistas com três questionários. Aplicaram-se testes qui-quadrado e Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS:dos 378 participantes, 67% eram mulheres e 69% tinham mais de 40 anos. Identificada maior prevalência de fumantes entre homens, jovens, analfabetos, solteiros e recebedores de mais de um benefício do governo. Os fumantes prevaleceram entre os esquizofrênicos, pacientes crônicos, que utilizavam ≥ 3 psicofármacos e com histórico de ≥ 4 internações psiquiátricas e/ou tentativas suicídio. A principal razão alegada para fumar foi a melhora dos afetos negativos. CONCLUSÃO:a prevalência de fumantes é maior na população psiquiátrica (especialmente entre os pacientes graves) e entre os homens, jovens, solteiros e com prejuízos socioeconômicos. A principal razão para fumar é o alívio da tensão/relaxamento. O presente estudo fornece, aos enfermeiros e demais profissionais, conhecimento capaz de subsidiar o planejamento de intervenções do tabagismo na população brasileira. OBJETIVOS:identificar prevalencia de fumadores entre la población psiquiátrica y la población general; comparar el perfil personal, sociodemográfico y clínico de los fumadores y no fumadores de la población psiquiátrica y de la población general; verificar las razones para fumar de esos dos grupos poblacionales. MÉTODO:estudio epidemiológico descriptivo-analítico, de corte transversal, con 378 pacientes de tres servicios: Ambulatorio Salud Mental, Hospital Psiquiátrico y Unidad Básica de Salud. Se realizaron entrevistas con tres cuestionarios. Se aplicaron pruebas chi-cuadrado y Kruskal-Wallis. RESULTADOS:de los 378 participantes, 67% eran mujeres y 69% tenían más de 40 años. Identificada mayor prevalencia de fumadores entre hombres, jóvenes, analfabetos, solteros y recibidores de más de un beneficio del gobierno. Los fumadores prevalecieron entre los esquizofrénicos, pacientes crónicos, que utilizaban ≥ 3 psicofármacos y con histórico de ≥ 4 internaciones psiquiátricas y/o tentativas de suicidio. La principal razón alegada para fumar fue la mejoría de los afectos negativos. CONCLUSIÓN:la prevalencia de fumadores es mayor en la población psiquiátrica (especialmente entre los pacientes graves) y entre los hombres, jóvenes, solteros y con prejuicios socioeconómicos. La principal razón para fumar es el alivio de la tensión/relajamiento. El presente estudio provee, a los enfermeros y demás profesionales, conocimiento capaz de subsidiar la planificación de intervenciones del tabaquismo en la población brasilera.

journal_name

Rev Lat Am Enfermagem

authors

Oliveira RM,Santos JLF,Furegato ARF

doi

10.1590/1518-8345.2976.3149

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-04-29 00:00:00

pages

e3149

eissn

0104-1169

issn

1518-8345

pii

S0104-11692019000100334

journal_volume

27

pub_type

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