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Vegetarian diets and risk of hospitalisation or death with diabetes in British adults: results from the EPIC-Oxford study.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:The global prevalence of diabetes is high and rapidly increasing. Some previous studies have found that vegetarians might have a lower risk of diabetes than non-vegetarians. OBJECTIVE:We examined the association between vegetarianism and risk of hospitalisation or death with diabetes in a large, prospective cohort study of British adults. METHODS:The analysed cohort included participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Oxford study who were diabetes free at recruitment (1993-2001), with available dietary intake data at baseline, and linked hospital admissions and death data for diabetes over follow-up (n = 45,314). Participants were categorised as regular meat eaters (≥50 g per day: n = 15,181); low meat eaters (<50 g of meat per day: n = 7615); fish eaters (ate no meat but consumed fish: n = 7092); and vegetarians (ate no meat or fish, including vegans: n = 15,426). We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to assess associations between diet group and risk of diabetes. RESULTS:Over a mean of 17.6 years of follow-up, 1224 incident cases of diabetes were recorded. Compared with regular meat eaters, the low meat eaters, fish eaters, and vegetarians were less likely to develop diabetes (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54-0.75; HR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.38-0.59; and HR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.54-0.74, respectively). These associations were substantially attenuated after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) (low meat eaters: HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.66-0.92; fish eaters: HR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.51-0.80; and vegetarians: HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.76-1.05). CONCLUSIONS:Low meat and non-meat eaters had a lower risk of diabetes, in part because of a lower BMI.

journal_name

Nutr Diabetes

journal_title

Nutrition & diabetes

authors

Papier K,Appleby PN,Fensom GK,Knuppel A,Perez-Cornago A,Schmidt JA,Tong TYN,Key TJ

doi

10.1038/s41387-019-0074-0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-02-25 00:00:00

pages

7

issue

1

issn

2044-4052

pii

10.1038/s41387-019-0074-0

journal_volume

9

pub_type

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