Treatment for Buruli ulcer: the long and winding road to antimicrobials-first.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a peripheral nerve block which anaesthetises the abdominal wall. The increasing use of TAP block, as a form of pain relief after abdominal surgery warrants evaluation of its effectiveness as an adjunctive technique to routine care and, when compared with other a...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Charlton S,Cyna AM,Middleton P,Griffiths JD

更新日期：2010-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Routine use of caesarean section for breech presentation is widespread. However, poor outcomes after breech birth might be the result of underlying conditions causing breech presentation rather than damage during delivery. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of planned caesarea...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hofmeyr GJ,Hannah ME

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several studies have suggested that prophylactic antibiotics given during pregnancy improved maternal and perinatal outcomes, while others have shown no benefit and some have reported adverse effects. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effect of prophylactic antibiotics on maternal and perinatal outcomes during th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Thinkhamrop J,Hofmeyr GJ,Adetoro O,Lumbiganon P,Ota E

更新日期：2015-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Adhesions are the leading cause of small bowel obstruction. Gastrografin transit time may allow for the selection of appropriate patients for non-operative management. Some studies have shown when the contrast does not reach the colon after a designated time it indicates complete intestinal obstruction that ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Abbas S,Bissett IP,Parry BR

更新日期：2007-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Group A streptococcus (GAS) accounts for 20% to 40% of cases of pharyngitis in children; the remaining cases are caused by viruses. Compared with throat culture, rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) offer diagnosis at the point of care (within five to 10 minutes). OBJECTIVES:To determine the diagnostic acc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Cohen JF,Bertille N,Cohen R,Chalumeau M

更新日期：2016-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the most common haematological malignancies in young adults and, with cure rates of 90%, has become curable for the majority of individuals. Positron emission tomography (PET) is an imaging tool used to monitor a tumour's metabolic activity, stage and progression. Interim PET ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Aldin A,Umlauff L,Estcourt LJ,Collins G,Moons KG,Engert A,Kobe C,von Tresckow B,Haque M,Foroutan F,Kreuzberger N,Trivella M,Skoetz N

更新日期：2020-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Miscarriage is a common complication of pregnancy that can be caused by a wide range of factors. Poor dietary intake of vitamins has been associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, therefore supplementing women with vitamins either prior to or in early pregnancy may help prevent miscarriage. OBJECTIV...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Rumbold A,Middleton P,Pan N,Crowther CA

更新日期：2011-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Lipid emulsions (LE) form a vital component of infant nutrition for critically ill, late preterm or term infants, particularly for those with gastrointestinal failure. Conventionally used soybean oil-based LE (S-LE) have high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content and phytosterols, which may contribute to...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kapoor V,Malviya MN,Soll R

更新日期：2019-06-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) includes administering complementary oxygen. The effectiveness of oxygen therapy and of different delivery methods remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effectiveness and safety of oxygen therapy and oxygen delivery methods in the treatment o...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Rojas-Reyes MX,Granados Rugeles C,Charry-Anzola LP

更新日期：2014-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) is a progressive optic neuropathy with an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), where the optic nerve head becomes pathologically excavated and the visual field (VF) is characteristically altered. Ocular hypertension (OHT) is a condition with elevated IOP but without discern...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Vass C,Hirn C,Sycha T,Findl O,Bauer P,Schmetterer L

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sepsis is a common problem in preterm and term infants. The incidence of neonatal sepsis has declined, but mortality remains high. Recombinant human activated protein C (rhAPC) possess a broad spectrum of activity modulating coagulation and inflammation. In septic adults it may reduce mortality, but no signi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kylat RI,Ohlsson A

更新日期：2012-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Wheeze in infancy and early childhood is common and appears to be increasing though the magnitude of any increase is unclear. Most wheezing episodes in infancy are precipitated by respiratory viral infections. Treatment of very young children with wheeze remains controversial. Anti-cholinergics are often pre...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Everard ML,Bara A,Kurian M

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hirsutism is the presence of excessive hair growth in women and is an important cosmetic condition often resulting in severe distress. Hirsutism is most often caused by increased production of male sex hormones also known as androgens. It is also affected by increased sensitivity to androgens in the hair fol...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lee O,Farquhar C,Toomath R,Jepson R

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breastfeeding is known to be the biological norm. Despite this, many women wean their babies because of perceived insufficient breast milk production. Mothers are sometimes advised to increase their fluid intake in the hope that this could improve breast milk production. The effect of extra fluid on human br...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ndikom CM,Fawole B,Ilesanmi RE

更新日期：2014-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This systematic review focuses on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for treating human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in ART-eligible pregnant women. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the primary means by which children worldwide acquire HIV infection. MTCT occurs during three major timepoints during...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sturt AS,Dokubo EK,Sint TT

更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterised by pulmonary vascular changes, leads to elevated pulmonary artery pressures, dyspnoea, a reduction in exercise tolerance, right heart failure, and ultimately death.Prostacyclin analogue drugs mimic endogenous prostacyclin which leads to vasodilation, inh...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Barnes H,Yeoh HL,Fothergill T,Burns A,Humbert M,Williams T

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Approximately 25% of adults regularly experience heartburn, a symptom of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Most patients are treated empirically (without specific diagnostic evaluation e.g. endoscopy. Among patients who have an upper endoscopy, findings range from a normal appearance, mild erythema t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van Pinxteren B,Sigterman KE,Bonis P,Lau J,Numans ME

更新日期：2010-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Care within a stroke unit reduces death or dependency after stroke. However, studies have found significant variations in clinical practice, access to stroke unit care, organisation of patient care, and clinical outcome. Stroke care pathways have been introduced as a method to promote organised and efficient...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kwan J,Sandercock P

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A large number of people are employed in sedentary occupations. Physical inactivity and excessive sitting at workplaces have been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and all-cause mortality. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of workplace interventions to reduce sitting at wor...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Shrestha N,Kukkonen-Harjula KT,Verbeek JH,Ijaz S,Hermans V,Pedisic Z

更新日期：2018-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in older people. One of the aims of therapy is to inhibit the breakdown of a chemical neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, by blocking the relevant enzyme. This can be done by a group of chemicals known as cholinesterase inhibitors. OBJECTIVES:The objecti...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Birks J,Harvey RJ

更新日期：2006-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Airway oedema and mucus plugging are the predominant pathological features in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis. Nebulised hypertonic saline solution may reduce these pathological changes and decrease airway obstruction. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of nebulised hypertonic (≥ 3%) saline solution in...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Zhang L,Mendoza-Sassi RA,Wainwright C,Klassen TP

更新日期：2013-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The benefits and risks of antibiotics for acute bronchitis remain unclear despite it being one of the most common illnesses seen in primary care. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of antibiotics in improving outcomes and assess adverse effects of antibiotic therapy for patients with a clinical diagnosis of a...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Smith SM,Fahey T,Smucny J,Becker LA

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Automated systems use closed-loop control to enable ventilators to perform basic and advanced functions while supporting respiration. Selected automated systems can now not only measure selected respiratory variables and adapt ventilator output to individual patient needs by operationalizing predetermined al...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Burns KE,Lellouche F,Lessard MR,Friedrich JO

更新日期：2014-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many people with schizophrenia continue to experience symptoms despite the use of conventional treatments. Alternative therapies such as hypnosis, in conjunction with conventional treatments, may prove beneficial to them. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the use of hypnosis for people with schizophrenia or schizop...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Izquierdo SA,Khan M

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Esophageal carcinoma can be managed primarily with either a surgical or non-surgical radiotherapeutic approach. Combination chemotherapy (CT) and radiotherapy (RT) has been incorporated into clinical practice and applied increasingly, especially in North America. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate combined CT and RT (C...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wong RK,Malthaner R

更新日期：2010-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Portal hypertension commonly accompanies advanced liver disease and often gives rise to life-threatening complications, including haemorrhage from oesophageal and gastrointestinal varices. Variceal haemorrhage commonly occurs in children with chronic liver disease or portal vein obstruction. Prevention is th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gana JC,Cifuentes LI,Gattini D,Villarroel Del Pino LA,Peña A,Torres-Robles R

更新日期：2019-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an almost always fatal tumour, for which palliative platinum-based chemotherapy is currently the standard treatment. Multimodal therapeutic strategies incorporating surgery, radiation therapy or photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy have been recommended for selected patient...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Abdel-Rahman O,Elsayed Z,Mohamed H,Eltobgy M

更新日期：2018-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Endovascular stents have been suggested as a means to improve the patency of arteries after angioplasty in patients with intermittent claudication. This is an update of a Cochrane review published in 2002. OBJECTIVES:The null hypothesis to be tested by this review is that for individuals with claudication t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bachoo P,Thorpe PA,Maxwell H,Welch K

更新日期：2010-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:International guidelines advocate using daily inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the management of children and adults with persistent asthma. However, in real world clinical settings, these medicines are often used at irregular intervals by patients. Recent evidence suggests that the use of intermittent ICS, ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Chong J,Haran C,Chauhan BF,Asher I

更新日期：2015-07-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Since our individual patient data (IPD) meta-analysis of supportive care and chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), published in 1995, many trials have been completed. We have carried out an updated IPD meta-analysis to assess newer regimens and determine conclusively the effect of chemotherapy...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group.

更新日期：2010-05-12 00:00:00