Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Alport syndrome and ANCA-associated vasculitis are both rare diseases. The co-existence of these two conditions has never been reported. There is no obvious pathogenic link between these two glomerular diseases. The management of this case highlights the importance of a systematic approach when investigating the unexpected unfavourable evolution of a known glomerulopathy. CASE PRESENTATION:A-17 year old caucasian boy with a genetically proven X-linked Alport syndrome presented with progressive dyspnea, fatigue and pallor. His blood tests showed a severe anemia (Hb 6.9 g/dl) with acute worsening of kidney function (serum creatinine, normal 9 months earlier, was now 3.6 mg/dl). Microscopic hematuria and proteinuria also worsened. He soon developed signs of alveolar hemorrhage. Serological tests showed the presence of perinuclear ANCA with anti MPO specificity. Kidney biopsy showed a necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis. Pulses of methylprednisolone were given in combination with plasmapheresis. The patient further received 6 pulses of cyclophosphamide, followed by maintenance oral azathioprine. During the 15-months follow up he remained well with serum creatinine back to normal, and some residual proteinuria and hematuria ascribed to Alport syndrome. CONCLUSION:We report a young patient with the coexistence of Alport syndrome and ANCA associated vasculitis. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of a second acquired disease in a patient with a known kidney disease, genetic in this case. This coexistence is very rare, but should be considered even if both diseases are rare, if the evolution is atypical for the single (known) primary disease. The diagnosis of the added vasculitis prompted in our case the initiation of immunosuppressive drugs, with a favourable outcome.
journal_name
BMC Nephroljournal_title
BMC nephrologyauthors
Gillion V,Jadoul M,Aydin S,Godefroid Ndoi
10.1186/s12882-017-0527-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-29 00:00:00pages
105issue
1issn
1471-2369pii
10.1186/s12882-017-0527-4journal_volume
18pub_type
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