Palivizumab for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with cystic fibrosis.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Respiratory syncytial virus infection causes acute lung infection in infants and young children worldwide, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. Children with cystic fibrosis are prone to recurrent lung inflammation, bacterial colonisation and subsequent chronic airway disease, putting them at risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus infections requiring intensive care and respiratory support. No treatment currently exists, hence prevention is important. Palivizumab is effective in reducing respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisation rates and is recommended for prophylaxis in high-risk children with other conditions. It is unclear if palivizumab can prevent respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisations and intensive care unit admissions in children with cystic fibrosis. This is an update of a previously published review. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy and safety of palivizumab (Synagis(®)) compared with placebo, no prophylaxis or other prophylaxis, in preventing hospitalisation and mortality from respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with cystic fibrosis. SEARCH METHODS:We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group Trials Register and scanned references of the eligible study and related reviews.Date of last search: 05 May 2016. SELECTION CRITERIA:Randomised and quasi-randomised studies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:The authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. MAIN RESULTS:One study (186 infants up to two years old) comparing five monthly doses of palivizumab (N = 92) to placebo (N = 94) over one respiratory syncytial virus season was identified and met our inclusion criteria. We judged there to be a low risk of bias with respect to the concealment of the randomization schedule (although it was not clear how this was generated) and to blinding of participants and study personnel. There is also a low risk of bias with regards to incomplete outcome data. However, we judged there to be a high risk of bias from selective reporting (summary statements presented but no data) and the fact that this industry-supported study has not been published as a full report in a peer-reviewed journal.At six months follow-up, one participant in each group was hospitalised due to respiratory syncytial virus; there were no deaths in either group. In the palivizumab and placebo groups, 86 and 90 children experienced any adverse event, while five and four children had related adverse events respectively. Nineteeen children receiving palivizumab and 16 receiving placebo suffered serious adverse events; one participant receiving palivizumab discontinued due to this. At 12 months follow-up, there were no significant differences between groups in number of Pseudomonas bacterial colonisations or change in weight-to-height ratio. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:We identified one randomised controlled trial comparing five monthly doses of palivizumab to placebo in infants up to two years old with cystic fibrosis. While the overall incidence of adverse events was similar in both groups, it is not possible to draw firm conclusions on the safety and tolerability of respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis with palivizumab in infants with cystic fibrosis. Six months after treatment, the authors reported no clinically meaningful differences in outcomes. Additional randomised studies are needed to establish the safety and efficacy of palivizumab in children with cystic fibrosis.

authors

Robinson KA,Odelola OA,Saldanha IJ

doi

10.1002/14651858.CD007743.pub6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-07-20 00:00:00

pages

CD007743

issn

1469-493X

journal_volume

7

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
  • Penicillamine for rheumatoid arthritis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the short-term effects of D-penicillamine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group's trials register, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline up to and including December 1998 and Embase from 1988-1998. We also carrie...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001460

    authors: Suarez-Almazor ME,Spooner C,Belseck E

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic antipsychotic drug treatment may cause tardive dyskinesia (TD), a long-term movement disorder. The gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist drugs have been trialed as a treatment for TD, but these drugs have intense sedative properties and can possibly exacerbate psychotic symptoms. OBJECTIVES:To dete...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000203

    authors: Soares KV,McGrath JJ,Deeks JJ

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Endometriosis: an overview of Cochrane Reviews.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This overview reports on interventions for pain relief and for subfertility in pre-menopausal women with clinically diagnosed endometriosis. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this overview was to summarise the evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews on treatment options for women with pain or subfertility assoc...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009590.pub2

    authors: Brown J,Farquhar C

    更新日期:2014-03-10 00:00:00

  • Perioperative beta-blockers for preventing surgery-related mortality and morbidity.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Randomized controlled trials have yielded conflicting results regarding the ability of beta-blockers to influence perioperative cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Thus routine prescription of these drugs in unselected patients remains a controversial issue. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was t...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004476.pub3

    authors: Blessberger H,Kammler J,Domanovits H,Schlager O,Wildner B,Azar D,Schillinger M,Wiesbauer F,Steinwender C

    更新日期:2018-03-13 00:00:00

  • Incentive spirometry for preventing pulmonary complications after coronary artery bypass graft.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), the main causes of postoperative morbidity and mortality are postoperative pulmonary complications, respiratory dysfunction and arterial hypoxemia. Incentive spirometry is a treatment technique that uses a mechanical device (an incentive spirometer) to reduce su...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004466.pub2

    authors: Freitas ER,Soares BG,Cardoso JR,Atallah AN

    更新日期:2007-07-18 00:00:00

  • Lower versus higher oxygen concentrations titrated to target oxygen saturations during resuscitation of preterm infants at birth.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Initial resuscitation with air is well tolerated by most infants born at term. However, the optimal fractional inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2 - proportion of the breathed air that is oxygen) targeted to oxygen saturation (SpO2 - an estimate of the amount of oxygen in the blood) for infants born preterm ...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010239.pub2

    authors: Lui K,Jones LJ,Foster JP,Davis PG,Ching SK,Oei JL,Osborn DA

    更新日期:2018-05-04 00:00:00

  • Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:On the American continent, cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (CL and MCL) are diseases associated with infection by several species of Leishmania parasites. Pentavalent antimonials remain the first-choice treatment. There are alternative interventions, but reviewing their effectiveness and safety is ...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004834.pub3

    authors: Pinart M,Rueda JR,Romero GA,Pinzón-Flórez CE,Osorio-Arango K,Silveira Maia-Elkhoury AN,Reveiz L,Elias VM,Tweed JA

    更新日期:2020-08-27 00:00:00

  • Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) for treatment of alcohol withdrawal and prevention of relapses.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic excessive alcohol consumption may lead to dependence, and to alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in case of abrupt drinking cessation. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) can prevent and suppress withdrawal symptoms, and improve the medium-term abstinence rate. A clear balance between effectiveness and har...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006266.pub2

    authors: Leone MA,Vigna-Taglianti F,Avanzi G,Brambilla R,Faggiano F

    更新日期:2010-02-17 00:00:00

  • Interventions for hereditary haemochromatosis: an attempted network meta-analysis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Hereditary haemochromatosis is a genetic disorder related to proteins involved in iron transport, resulting in iron load and deposition of iron in various tissues of the body. This iron overload leads to complications including liver cirrhosis (and related complications such as liver failure and hepatocellul...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011647.pub2

    authors: Buzzetti E,Kalafateli M,Thorburn D,Davidson BR,Tsochatzis E,Gurusamy KS

    更新日期:2017-03-08 00:00:00

  • Omega 3 fatty acid for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Evidence from observational studies suggests that diets high in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may protect people from cognitive decline and dementia. The strength of this potential protective effect has recently been tested in randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES:To assess the ef...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005379.pub3

    authors: Sydenham E,Dangour AD,Lim WS

    更新日期:2012-06-13 00:00:00

  • Conservative management of symptomatic and/or complicated haemorrhoids in pregnancy and the puerperium.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Haemorrhoids (piles) are swollen veins at or near the anus, normally asymptomatic. They do not constitute a disease, unless they become symptomatic. Pregnancy and the puerperium predispose to symptomatic haemorrhoids, being the most common ano-rectal disease at these stages. Symptoms are usually mild and tra...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004077.pub2

    authors: Quijano CE,Abalos E

    更新日期:2005-07-20 00:00:00

  • Stent placement versus surgical palliation for adults with malignant gastric outlet obstruction.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Malignant gastric outlet obstruction is the clinical and pathological consequence of cancerous disease causing a mechanical obstruction to gastric emptying. It usually occurs when malignancy is at an advanced stage; therefore, people have a limited life expectancy. It is of paramount importance to restore or...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012506.pub2

    authors: Upchurch E,Ragusa M,Cirocchi R

    更新日期:2018-05-30 00:00:00

  • Blood pressure-lowering efficacy of monotherapy with thiazide diuretics for primary hypertension.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Hypertension is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. Although it is established that low-dose thiazides reduce mortality as well as cardiovascular morbidity, the dose-related effect of thiazides in decreasing blood pressure has not been subject to a rigorous systematic review. It is not known whether ind...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003824.pub2

    authors: Musini VM,Nazer M,Bassett K,Wright JM

    更新日期:2014-05-29 00:00:00

  • Self-management education programmes for osteoarthritis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-management education programmes are complex interventions specifically targeted at patient education and behaviour modification. They are designed to encourage people with chronic disease to take an active self-management role to supplement medical care and improve outcomes. OBJECTIVES:To assess the ef...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008963.pub2

    authors: Kroon FP,van der Burg LR,Buchbinder R,Osborne RH,Johnston RV,Pitt V

    更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00

  • Alternative agents versus prophylactic platelet transfusion for preventing bleeding in patients with thrombocytopenia due to chronic bone marrow failure: a network meta-analysis and systematic review.

    abstract::This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To compare the relative efficacy of different treatments for thrombocytopenia (artificial platelet substitutes, platelet-poor plasma, fibrinogen, rFVIIa, rFXIII, thrombopoietin mimetics, antifibrinolytic drugs or platelet transf...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012055

    authors: Desborough M,Estcourt LJ,Chaimani A,Doree C,Hopewell S,Trivella M,Hadjinicolaou AV,Vyas P,Stanworth SJ

    更新日期:2016-01-26 00:00:00

  • Antidepressant drugs for narcolepsy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Narcolepsy is a disorder of the central nervous system, the main symptoms of which are excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and cataplexy (an abrupt and reversible decrease in or loss of muscle tone, affecting the limbs or trunk or both, elicited by emotional stimuli). Narcolepsy has an adverse impact on peopl...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003724.pub3

    authors: Vignatelli L,D'Alessandro R,Candelise L

    更新日期:2008-01-23 00:00:00

  • Intercessory prayer for the alleviation of ill health.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Prayer is an ancient and widely used intervention for alleviating illness and promoting good health. This review focuses specifically on intercessory prayer, which is organised, regular and committed, and those who practise it will almost inevitably hold some committed belief that they are praying to God. Wh...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000368

    authors: Roberts L,Ahmed I,Hall S

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mediastinal chest drain clearance for cardiac surgery.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac tamponade may occur following cardiac surgery as a result of blood or fluid collecting in the pericardial space compressing the heart and reducing cardiac output. Mediastinal chest drains (including pericardial drains) are inserted as standard post-operative practice following cardiac surgery to assi...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003042.pub2

    authors: Wallen M,Morrison A,Gillies D,O'Riordan E,Bridge C,Stoddart F

    更新日期:2004-10-18 00:00:00

  • Chest radiograph in acute respiratory infections in children.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Chest radiography is widely used in children with acute lower respiratory infections, but the benefits are unknown. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of chest radiography for children with acute lower respiratory infections. SEARCH STRATEGY:The searches were updated in November 2004. We searched the Cochran...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001268.pub2

    authors: Swingler GH,Zwarenstein M

    更新日期:2005-07-20 00:00:00

  • Management of faecal incontinence and constipation in adults with central neurological diseases.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:People with neurological disease have a much higher risk of both faecal incontinence and constipation than the general population. There is often a fine dividing line between the two conditions, with any management intended to ameliorate, one risking precipitating the other. Bowel problems are observed to be...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002115

    authors: Wiesel PH,Norton C,Brazzelli M

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Hospital at home: home-based end of life care.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The policy in a number of countries is to provide people with a terminal illness the choice of dying at home. This policy is supported by surveys indicating that the general public and patients with a terminal illness would prefer to receive end of life care at home. OBJECTIVES:To determine if providing hom...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009231

    authors: Shepperd S,Wee B,Straus SE

    更新日期:2011-07-06 00:00:00

  • Sclerotherapy versus sham or no intervention for primary prophylaxis of oesophageal variceal bleeding in children with chronic liver disease or portal vein thrombosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Portal hypertension commonly accompanies advanced liver disease and often gives rise to life-threatening complications, including bleeding (haemorrhage) from oesophageal and gastrointestinal varices. Variceal bleeding commonly occurs in children with chronic liver disease or portal vein obstruction. Therefor...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011573.pub2

    authors: Gattini D,Cifuentes LI,Torres-Robles R,Gana JC

    更新日期:2020-03-05 00:00:00

  • WITHDRAWN: Zinc for the common cold.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Of the eight trials conducted since 1984 investigating the use of zinc in the treatment of the common cold, four have shown some benefit while the remainder have shown no benefit. Treatment masking and reduced bioavailability of zinc from some formulations have been claimed to influence the results reported....

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001364.pub2

    authors: Marshall I

    更新日期:2007-07-18 00:00:00

  • Surgery for lateral elbow pain.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This review is one in a series of reviews of interventions for lateral elbow pain. Lateral elbow pain, or tennis elbow, is a common condition causing pain in the lateral elbow and forearm and lack of strength and function of the elbow and wrist. Surgery is sometimes recommended in treating chronic cases of l...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003525

    authors: Buchbinder R,Green S,Bell S,Barnsley L,Smidt N,Assendelft WJ

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • WITHDRAWN: Interventions for guttate psoriasis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Guttate psoriasis is a distinctive acute form of psoriasis which characteristically occurs in children and young adults. Very little specific evidence-based guidance is available in standard texts to help make rational decisions about treatment options. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of treatments f...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001213.pub2

    authors: Chalmers R,O'Sullivan T,Owen CM,Griffiths CE

    更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00

  • Interventions for disorders of eye movement in patients with stroke.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Eye movement disorders may affect over 70% of stroke patients. These eye movement disorders can result in difficulty maintaining the normal ocular position and difficulty moving the eyes appropriately. The resulting functional disabilities include a loss of depth perception, reduced hand-to-eye co-ordination...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008389.pub2

    authors: Pollock A,Hazelton C,Henderson CA,Angilley J,Dhillon B,Langhorne P,Livingstone K,Munro FA,Orr H,Rowe FJ,Shahani U

    更新日期:2011-10-05 00:00:00

  • Homocysteine lowering interventions for peripheral arterial disease and bypass grafts.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Elevated plasma levels of the amino acid homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinaemia) are associated with narrowing or blocking of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Treatment to lower homocysteine levels has been shown to be both effective and cheap in healthy volunteers. However, the impact of reducing homocysteine l...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003285.pub2

    authors: Andras A,Stansby G,Hansrani M

    更新日期:2013-07-19 00:00:00

  • Corticosteroids as standalone or add-on treatment for sore throat.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Sore throat is a common condition associated with a high rate of antibiotic prescriptions, despite limited evidence for the effectiveness of antibiotics. Corticosteroids may improve symptoms of sore throat by reducing inflammation of the upper respiratory tract. This review is an update to our review publish...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008268.pub3

    authors: de Cassan S,Thompson MJ,Perera R,Glasziou PP,Del Mar CB,Heneghan CJ,Hayward G

    更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00

  • Ovulation induction with urinary follicle stimulating hormone versus human menopausal gonadotropin for clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The risks of multiple pregnancy and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) are increased in women with clomiphene resistance WHO group 2 dysfunction undergoing ovulation induction as well as the risk of spontaneous abortion if conception takes place. Semi-purified preparations of FSH have been developed in...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000087

    authors: Hughes E,Collins J,Vandekerckhove P

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation in pregnancy.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Vitamin B6 plays vital roles in numerous metabolic processes in the human body, such as nervous system development and functioning. It has been associated with some benefits in non-randomised studies, such as higher Apgar scores, higher birthweights, and reduced incidence of pre-eclampsia and preterm birth. ...

    journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

    pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审

    doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000179.pub2

    authors: Thaver D,Saeed MA,Bhutta ZA

    更新日期:2006-04-19 00:00:00