Bone cells and bone turnover in diabetes mellitus.

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Diabetes has a detrimental effect on bone, increasing the risk of fracture and formation of osteolytic lesions such as those seen in periodontitis. Several diabetic complications are caused by diabetes-enhanced inflammation. This review examines mechanisms by which IL-17 contributes to diabetes-enhanc...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Huang Z,Pei X,Graves DT

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The goal of this paper is to review state-of-the-art transcriptome profiling methods and their recent applications in the field of skeletal biology. RECENT FINDINGS:Next-generation sequencing of mRNA (RNA-seq) methods have been established and routinely used in skeletal biology research. RNA-seq has ...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Ayturk U

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pediatric origin of osteoporosis has led many investigators to focus on determining factors that influence bone gain during growth and methods for optimizing this gain. Bone responds to bone loading activities by increasing mass or size. Overall, pediatric studies have found a positive effect of bone loading on bo...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Specker B,Minett M

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bone metastasis is a deadly complication of cancers arising from many different primary tumor locations. Cross talk between cancer and bone cells is a well-established driver of bone metastasis, and recent work reveals microRNA (miRNA) as key players in this communication. Functional significance of miRNA was first de...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Baier SR,Wan Y

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on spiral 3D tomography a large variety of applications have been developed during the last decade to asses bone mineral density, bone macro and micro structure, and bone strength. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) using clinical whole body scanners provides separate assessment of trabecular, cortical, and ...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Engelke K,Libanati C,Fuerst T,Zysset P,Genant HK

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The musculoskeletal system is a complex organ comprised of the skeletal bones, skeletal muscles, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, joints, and other connective tissue that physically and mechanically interact to provide animals and humans with the essential ability of locomotion. This mechanical interaction is undoubtedl...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Brotto M,Johnson ML

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Musculoskeletal pain disorders are the second largest contributor to global disability underlining the significance of effective treatments. However, treating chronic musculoskeletal pain, and chronic joint pain (osteoarthritis (OA)) in particular, is challenging as the underlying peripheral and central pain mechanism...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Arendt-Nielsen L,Skou ST,Nielsen TA,Petersen KK

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The past decade has seen a significant expansion of our understanding of the interaction between the neural system and bone. While innervation of bone was long appreciated, the discovery of central relays from the hypothalamus to the cells of bone has seen the identification of a number of efferent neural pathways to ...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Khor EC,Baldock P

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low vitamin D status, which is endemic due to inadequate oral intake combined with sun avoidance, contributes to musculoskeletal and other pathologies. Although controversial, it is increasingly recommended that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) concentrations less than 30 ng/mL be considered suboptimal. Clinicians shou...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Binkley N,Krueger D

更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Caloric restriction caused by undernutrition or over-exercise is increasingly common and has significant health consequences such as hypothalamic amenorrhea, infertility, attainment of low peak bone mass, and bone loss leading to fracture. In these patients, the pathophysiology of amenorrhea and bone loss is multifact...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Fenichel RM,Warren MP

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Denosumab is an inhibitor of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), and has emerged as an important novel therapy for skeletal disorders. This article examines the use of denosumab in children. RECENT FINDINGS:Considerable safety and efficacy data exists for denosumab treatment ...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Boyce AM

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is the abnormal formation of extra-skeletal bones in periarticular muscles after damage to the central nervous system (CNS) such as spinal cord injury (SCI), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, or cerebral anoxia. The purpose of this review is to summarize r...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Alexander KA,Tseng HW,Salga M,Genêt F,Levesque JP

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The age-related loss of skeletal muscle and bone tissue decreases functionality and increases the risk for falls and injuries. One contributing factor of muscle and bone loss over time is chronic low-grade inflammation. Exercise training is an effective countermeasure for decreasing the loss of muscle...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Cornish SM,Chilibeck PD,Candow DG

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This paper describes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms that drive fracture pain and how these findings are helping develop new therapies to treat fracture pain. RECENT FINDINGS:Immediately following fracture, mechanosensitive nerve fibers that innervate bone are mechanically distorted. ...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Mitchell SAT,Majuta LA,Mantyh PW

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin D, acting through its active metabolite 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), exerts its influence on many physiologic processes in addition to the regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis. These processes include the immune system. Both the adaptive and innate immune systems are affected by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and its receptor...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Bikle DD

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to explore the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) in the processes that underpin bone remodelling, particularly the action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and its role in the development and metastasis of cancers that target the bone. RECENT FINDI...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Mulholland BS,Forwood MR,Morrison NA

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:One aim in bone tissue engineering is to develop human cell-based, 3D in vitro bone models to study bone physiology and pathology. Due to the heterogeneity of cells among patients, patient's own cells are needed to be obtained, ideally, from one single cell source. This review attempts to identify the...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Ansari S,Ito K,Hofmann S

更新日期：2021-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The occurrence of a fragility fracture is an opportunity to recognize osteoporosis and begin treatment to reduce the risk of another fracture. However, selecting the treatment may have an impact on the incident fracture and this requires careful consideration of the patient and the treatment choices. There is no conse...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Tanner SB

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We give an update on the etiology and potential treatment options of rare inherited monogenic disorders associated with arterial calcification and calcific cardiac valve disease. RECENT FINDINGS:Genetic studies of rare inherited syndromes have identified key regulators of ectopic calcification. Based...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Nitschke Y,Rutsch F

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Authors review the safety and efficacy of romosozumab for the treatment of osteoporosis as demonstrated in three phase III clinical trials and offer insights into the potential cardiovascular risk associated with its use. RECENT FINDINGS:Incidence of new vertebral fracture is dramatically reduced wit...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Fixen C,Tunoa J

更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Although traditional diagnosis and treatment of renal osteodystrophy focused on changes in bone turnover, current data demonstrate that abnormalities in skeletal mineralization are also prevalent in pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) and likely contribute to skeletal morbidities that continue to plague this popula...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Wesseling-Perry K

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcrack accumulation in cortical bone has been implicated in skeletal fragility and stress fractures. These cracks have also been shown to affect the mechanical and material properties of cortical bone. Their growth has been linked to osteocyte apoptosis and the initiation of the remodeling process, which also has ...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： O'Brien FJ,Brennan O,Kennedy OD,Lee TC

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A prior fracture is a well-documented risk factor for a subsequent fracture and it doubles the risk of subsequent fractures. Few studies have investigated the time that elapses between the initial and subsequent fracture. These studies show that the subsequent fracture risk is not constant, but fluctuates over time. T...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： van Geel TA,Huntjens KM,van den Bergh JP,Dinant GJ,Geusens PP

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic bone disease is a major public health concern, especially when it manifests as hip fracture which carries significant morbidity and mortality. Individuals with neurological disease are at higher risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis and fragility fracture compared to age-matched controls, yet this is under-apprec...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Binks S,Dobson R

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteoporosis in men is an unrecognized but growing problem as the number of men who live to old age increases. The 10-year fracture risk at age 50 quadruples by age 80, and in general the incidence rate of osteoporotic fracture in men is about half that of women. Of note, the mortality and morbidity after hip fracture...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Adler RA

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Osteogenesis is a complex process involving the specification of multiple progenitor cells and their maturation and differentiation into matrix-secreting osteoblasts. Osteogenesis occurs not only during embryogenesis but also during growth, after an injury, and in normal homeostatic maintenance. While...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Sera SR,Zur Nieden NI

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium is the dominant mineral in bone and is a shortfall nutrient in the diet. For those consuming inadequate dietary calcium, calcium supplements have been a standard strategy for prevention of osteoporosis. Recently, calcium supplementation has been linked to both increased and decreased cardiovascular disease ris...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Weaver CM

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The postmenopausal state is the most common underlying cause for osteoporosis and most of our understanding of the condition relates to this group. Recent evidence has suggested that hormone therapy may no longer have the pre-eminent place it once held but the same studies have also confirmed its antifracture efficacy...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Selby P

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Here, we overview the latest findings from studies investigating the skeletal endocannabinoid (EC) system and its involvement in bone formation and resorption. RECENT FINDINGS:The endocannabinoid system consists of endogenous ligands, receptors, and enzymes. The main cannabinoids found in the cannabi...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Raphael-Mizrahi B,Gabet Y

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We outline the diverse processes contributing to bone mineralization and bone matrix maturation by describing two mouse models with bone strength defects caused by restricted deletion of the receptor tyrosine kinase ligand EphrinB2. RECENT FINDINGS:Stage-specific EphrinB2 deletion differs in its effe...

journal_title：Current osteoporosis reports

authors： Blank M,Sims NA

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00