Domiciliary oxygen for interstitial lung disease.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (sVMA) is a recognised cause of visual loss and by tradition has been managed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). A less invasive alternative to surgery in some people is enzymatic vitreolysis, using an intravitreal injection of ocriplasmin. OBJECTIVES:To assess the efficacy a...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Neffendorf JE,Kirthi V,Pringle E,Jackson TL

更新日期：2017-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Children, like adults, are required to fast before general anaesthesia with the aim of reducing the volume and acidity of their stomach contents. It is thought that fasting reduces the risk of regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents during surgery. Recent developments have encouraged a shift from th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brady M,Kinn S,O'Rourke K,Randhawa N,Stuart P

更新日期：2005-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the absence of treatment, endometrial hyperplasia (EH) can progress to endometrial cancer, particularly in the presence of histologic nuclear atypia. The development of EH results from exposure of the endometrium to oestrogen unopposed by progesterone. Oral progestogens have been used as treatment for EH ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Mittermeier T,Farrant C,Wise MR

更新日期：2020-09-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Continuous Positive Airways Pressure (CPAP) is considered to be the cornerstone of therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). However, compliance with this treatment is frequently poor, which may lead to ongoing symptoms of sleep disruption, daytime sleepiness and poor waking cognitive function. Mechanical ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Smith I,Lasserson TJ

更新日期：2009-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Effective pharmacotherapies are available to help people who are trying to stop smoking, but quitting can still be difficult and providing higher levels of behavioural support may increase success rates further. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of increasing the intensity of behavioural support for people ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stead LF,Lancaster T

更新日期：2012-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Reducing the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a global priority. Contact tracing identifies people who were recently in contact with an infected individual, in order to isolate them and reduce further transmission. Digital technology could be implemented to augm...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Anglemyer A,Moore TH,Parker L,Chambers T,Grady A,Chiu K,Parry M,Wilczynska M,Flemyng E,Bero L

更新日期：2020-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neck pain is one of the three most frequently reported complaints of the musculoskeletal system. Treatments for neck pain are varied, as are perceptions of benefit. Acupuncture has been used as an alternative to more conventional treatment for musculoskeletal pain. This review summarises the most current sci...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Trinh K,Graham N,Irnich D,Cameron ID,Forget M

更新日期：2016-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the previous version of this review, the effectiveness of interventions tailored to barriers to change was found to be uncertain. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of interventions tailored to address identified barriers to change on professional practice or patient outcomes. SEARCH STRATEGY:For th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Baker R,Camosso-Stefinovic J,Gillies C,Shaw EJ,Cheater F,Flottorp S,Robertson N

更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of the disability associated with surgery for anal fissure and the risk of incontinence, medical alternatives for surgery have been sought. Most recently, pharmacologic methods that relax the anal smooth muscle, to accomplish reversibly what occurs in surgery, have been used to obtain fissure healing...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Nelson R

更新日期：2006-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Research on the clinical application of oral naltrexone agrees on several things. From a pharmacological perspective, naltrexone works. From an applied perspective, however, the medication compliance and the retention rates are very poor. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of naltrexone maintenance treatmen...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Minozzi S,Amato L,Vecchi S,Davoli M,Kirchmayer U,Verster A

更新日期：2011-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are among the most common medical problems in paediatric medicine. Frequently, physicians prescribe antidepressants as a second-line treatment for children and adolescents with FGIDs. To date, the evidence on the benefits and harms of antid...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kaminski A,Kamper A,Thaler K,Chapman A,Gartlehner G

更新日期：2011-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular disease, which includes coronary artery disease, stroke and congestive heart failure, is a leading cause of death worldwide. Homocysteine is an amino acid with biological functions in methionine metabolism. A postulated risk factor is an elevated circulating total homocysteine level, which is ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Martí-Carvajal AJ,Solà I,Lathyris D

更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Therapy with either recombinant beta-1a or beta-1b interferons (IFNs) is worldwide approved for Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). A major unanswered question is whether this treatment is able to safely reverse or retard the progressive phase of the disease. OBJECTIVES:The main objective was to ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： La Mantia L,Vacchi L,Di Pietrantonj C,Ebers G,Rovaris M,Fredrikson S,Filippini G

更新日期：2012-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite use in many countries of tapered methadone for detoxification from opiate, the evidence of efficacy to prevent relapse and promote lifestyle change has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether tapered methadone is effective to manage withdrawal from opioids. SEARCH STRATEG...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Amato L,Davoli M,Ferri M,Ali R

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by degeneration of anterior horn cells, which leads to progressive muscle weakness. Children with SMA type II do not develop the ability to walk without support and have a shortened life expectancy, whereas children with SMA type III develop the ability to walk and hav...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wadman RI,Bosboom WM,van der Pol WL,van den Berg LH,Wokke JH,Iannaccone ST,Vrancken AF

更新日期：2012-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In pregnancies complicated by diabetes the major concerns during the third trimester are fetal distress and the potential for birth trauma associated with fetal macrosomia. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effect of a policy of elective delivery, as compared to expectant management,...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Boulvain M,Stan C,Irion O

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Concerns exist regarding antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) owing to adverse reactions, cost and antibacterial resistance. One strategy to reduce antibiotic prescribing is to provide prescriptions but to advise delay in the hope symptoms will resolve first. This is an updat...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Spurling GK,Del Mar CB,Dooley L,Foxlee R,Farley R

更新日期：2013-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Parkinson's disease patients commonly suffer from speech and vocal problems including dysarthric speech, reduced loudness and loss of articulation. These symptoms increase in frequency and intensity with progression of the disease). Speech and language therapy (SLT) aims to improve the intelligibility of spe...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Herd CP,Tomlinson CL,Deane KH,Brady MC,Smith CH,Sackley CM,Clarke CE

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Allergies and food reactions are common and may be associated with foods including adapted cow's milk formula. Formulas containing hydrolysed proteins have been used to treat infants with allergy or food intolerance. However, it is unclear whether hydrolysed formula can be advocated for prevention of allergy...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Osborn DA,Sinn J

更新日期：2006-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride have antiviral properties, but they are not widely used due to a lack of knowledge of their potential value and concerns about possible adverse effects. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects and safety of amantadine and riman...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Jefferson TO,Demicheli V,Deeks JJ,Rivetti D

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The risk of maternal mortality and morbidity (particularly postoperative infection) is higher for caesarean section (CS) than for vaginal birth. With the increasing rate of CS, it is important to minimise the risks to the mother as much as possible. This review focused on different forms and methods of preop...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hadiati DR,Hakimi M,Nurdiati DS,da Silva Lopes K,Ota E

更新日期：2018-10-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The suggestion that garlic may lower blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation, and reduce oxidative stress has led to the hypothesis that it may have a role in preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of garlic on prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Meher S,Duley L

更新日期：2006-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Liver transplantation is an established treatment option for end-stage liver failure. Now that newer, more potent immunosuppressants have been developed, glucocorticosteroids may no longer be needed and their removal may prevent adverse effects. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of glucocorticoste...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Fairfield C,Penninga L,Powell J,Harrison EM,Wigmore SJ

更新日期：2018-04-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Febrile seizures can be classified as simple or complex. Complex febrile seizures are associated with fever that lasts longer than 15 minutes, occur more than once within 24 hours and are confined to one side of the child's body. It is common in some countries for doctors to recommend an electroencephalograp...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Shah PB,James S,Elayaraja S

更新日期：2014-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder is a recurrent illness that is amongst the top 30 causes of disability worldwide and is associated with significant healthcare costs. In the past, emphasis was placed solely on the treatment of acute episodes of bipolar disorder; recently, the importance of episode prevention and of minimisa...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Cipriani A,Reid K,Young AH,Macritchie K,Geddes J

更新日期：2013-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:General health checks are common elements of health care in some countries. They aim to detect disease and risk factors for disease with the purpose of reducing morbidity and mortality. Most of the commonly used individual screening tests offered in general health checks have been incompletely studied. Also,...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Krogsbøll LT,Jørgensen KJ,Gøtzsche PC

更新日期：2019-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Oral cancer is an important global healthcare problem, its incidence is increasing and late-stage presentation is common. Screening programmes have been introduced for a number of major cancers and have proved effective in their early detection. Given the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with or...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brocklehurst P,Kujan O,Glenny AM,Oliver R,Sloan P,Ogden G,Shepherd S

更新日期：2010-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asthma and gastro-oesophageal reflux are both common medical conditions and often co-exist. Studies have shown conflicting results concerning the effects of lower oesophageal acidification as a trigger of asthma. Furthermore, asthma might precipitate gastro-oesophageal reflux. Thus a temporal association bet...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gibson PG,Henry RL,Coughlan JL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and pneumonia hospitalize hundreds of thousands of infants every year. Treatment is largely supportive therapy, (for example, oxygen, fluids and occasionally mechanical ventilation). Ribavirin, an antiviral agent, is licensed for severe RSV infection, although ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Fuller H,Del Mar C

更新日期：2006-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Limited evidence supports a hypothesis suggesting that schizophrenic symptoms may be the result of altered neuronal membrane structure and metabolism. This structure and metabolism is dependent on blood plasma levels of certain essential fatty acids and their metabolites. OBJECTIVES:To review the effects po...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Joy CB,Mumby-Croft R,Joy LA

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00